Effect of Solvent Flow Reynolds Number on Dissolution Rate of a Nondisintegrating Solid (Potassium Chloride)

1976 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Valerie Fee ◽  
D.J.W. Grant ◽  
J.M. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Flow Reynolds Number ◽  
Solvent Flow

Collapse of Arteries Subjected to an External Band of Pressure

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Hecht ◽  
H. Yeh ◽  
S. M. K. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Orthotropic Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Collapse Pressure ◽  
Vessel Size ◽  
Flow Reynolds Number ◽  
Small Band

Collapse of arteries subjected to a band of hydrostatic pressure of finite length is analyzed. The vessel is treated as a long, thin, linearly elastic, orthotropic cylindrical shell, homogeneous in composition, and with negligible radial stresses. Blood in the vessel is treated as a Newtonian fluid and the Reynolds number is of order 1. Results are obtained for effects of the following factors on arterial collapse: intraluminal pressure, length of the pressure band, elastic properties of the vessel, initial stress both longitudinally and circumferentially, blood flow Reynolds number, compressibility, and wall thickness to radius ratio. It is found that the predominant parameter influencing vessel collapse for the intermediate range of vessel size and blood flow Reynolds numbers studied is the preconstricted intraluminal pressure. For pressure bands less than about 10 vessel radii the collapse pressure increases sharply with increasing intraluminal pressure. Initial axial prestress is found to be highly stabilizing for small band lengths. The effects of fluid flow are found to be small for pressure bands of less than 100 vessel radii. No dramatic orthotropic vessel behavior is apparent. The analysis shows that any reduction in intraluminal pressure, such as that produced by an upstream obstruction, will significantly lower the required collapse pressure. Medical implications of this analysis to Legg-Perthes disease are discussed.

An Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Freestream Turbulence on the Wake of a Separated Low-Pressure Turbine Blade at Low Reynolds Numbers

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Murawski ◽  
K. Vafai
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Freestream Turbulence ◽  
Suction Surface ◽  
Low Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Low Pressure Turbine ◽  
Flow Reynolds Number

An experimental study was conducted in a two-dimensional linear cascade, focusing on the suction surface of a low pressure turbine blade. Flow Reynolds numbers, based on exit velocity and suction length, have been varied from 50,000 to 300,000. The freestream turbulence intensity was varied from 1.1 to 8.1 percent. Separation was observed at all test Reynolds numbers. Increasing the flow Reynolds number, without changing freestream turbulence, resulted in a rearward movement of the onset of separation and shrinkage of the separation zone. Increasing the freestream turbulence intensity, without changing Reynolds number, resulted in shrinkage of the separation region on the suction surface. The influences on the blade’s wake from altering freestream turbulence and Reynolds number are also documented. It is shown that width of the wake and velocity defect rise with a decrease in either turbulence level or chord Reynolds number. [S0098-2202(00)00202-9]

Effect of Solvent Flow Rates on Controllability of Extractive Distillation for Separating Binary Azeotropic Mixture

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (51) ◽  
pp. 12908-12919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinglong Wang ◽  
Shisheng Liang ◽  
Guangle Bu ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extractive Distillation ◽  
Azeotropic Mixture ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Solvent Flow

Turbulent Wake of a Stack and the Influence of Velocity Ratio

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Adaramola ◽  
D. Sumner ◽  
D. J. Bergstrom
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Reynolds Shear Stress ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Turbulent Wake ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Distinct Structure ◽  
Flow Reynolds Number ◽  
Cross Flow Velocity

The effect of the jet-to-cross-flow velocity ratio, R, on the turbulent wake of a cylindrical stack of AR = 9 was investigated with two-component thermal anemometry. The cross-flow Reynolds number was ReD = 2.3×104, the jet Reynolds number ranged from Red = 7×103 to 4.6×104, and R was varied from 0 to 3. The stack was partially immersed in a flat-plate turbulent boundary layer, with a boundary layer thickness-to-height ratio of δ/H = 0.5 at the location of the stack. The flow around the stack was broadly classified into three flow regimes depending on the value of R, which were the downwash (R < 0.5), cross-wind dominated (0.5 < R < 1.5), and jet-dominated (R > 1.5) regimes. Each flow regime had a distinct structure to the mean velocity (streamwise and wall-normal directions), turbulence intensity (streamwise and wall-normal directions), and Reynolds shear stress fields.

Lateral-Flow Effect on Endwall Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in a Pin-Fin Trapezoidal Duct of Various Pin Shapes

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenn-Jiang Hwang ◽  
Chau-Ching Lu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Pin Fin ◽  
Flow Reynolds Number ◽  
Outlet Flow ◽  
Flow Through

The effects of lateral-flow ejection 0<ε<1.0, pin shapes (square, diamond, and circular), and flow Reynolds number (6000<Re<40,000) on the endwall heat transfer and pressure drop for turbulent flow through a pin-fin trapezoidal duct are studied experimentally. A staggered pin array of five rows and five columns is inserted in the trapezoidal duct, with the same spacings between the pins in the streamwise and spanwise directions: Sx/d=Sy/d=2.5. Three different-shaped pins of length from 2.5<l/d<4.6 span the distance between two endwalls of the trapezoidal duct. Results reveal that the pin-fin trapezoidal duct with lateral-flow rate of ε=0.3-0.4 has a local minimum endwall-averaged Nusselt number and Euler number for all pin shapes investigated. The trapezoidal duct of lateral outlet flow only (ε=1.0) has the highest endwall heat transfer and pressure drop. Moreover, the square pin results in a better heat transfer enhancement than the diamond pin, and subsequently than the circular pin. Finally, taking account of the lateral-flow rate and the flow Reynolds number, the work develops correlations of the endwall-averaged heat transfer with three different pin shapes.

VORTEX INTERFERENCE IN THE WAKE OF TWO TANDEM CIRCULAR CYLINDERS IN A CROSS FLOW

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (28n29) ◽  
pp. 1595-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUO OHMI ◽  
SUXIA LI ◽  
SEUNGHEE JEON ◽  
LINGYUN CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Laser Sheet ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Circular Cylinders ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Cylinder Wake ◽  
Flow Reynolds Number ◽  
Spacing Ratio

The wake of two circular cylinders in tandem arrangement is investigated by flow visualization and PIV experiments in a towing water tank. The two cylinders are spaced at L/d (spacing ratio) = 2.0 to 15.0 and the cross flow Reynolds number ranges from 60 to 120. The flow is seeded with fine Rilsan particles and illuminated by a 2 mm thick laser sheet. The PIV image analysis is done by a standard cross correlation scheme with a powerful validation algorithm followed by multi-pass adaptive cross correlation iterations. The main objective of the study is to investigate the characteristics of the downstream cylinder wake changing considerably with the spacing ratio of the two cylinders.

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