Investigating improving powder deagglomeration via dry powder inhalers at a low inspiratory flow rate by employing add‐on spacers

2008 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 5212-5221 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ehtezazi ◽  
D.R. Allanson ◽  
I.D. Jenkinson ◽  
I. Shrubb ◽  
C. O'Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Inspiratory Flow ◽  
Dry Powder Inhalers ◽  
Inspiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Dry Powder

scholarly journals Dry powder inhalers and the right things to remember: a concept review

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto W. Dal Negro
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Inspiratory Flow ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Dry Powder Inhalers ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Inspiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Powdered Drug

Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are widely and increasingly used in clinical practice because they represent a substantial advancement in inhalation technology. The effectiveness of a powdered drug to inhale depends on the inspiratory flow rate generated by the patient and on the turbulence produced by the intrinsic resistance of the DPI. While the inspiratory flow is variable with the patient’s ability and conditions, the turbulence is differently sized within each device because depending of its technical design. There are higher - medium-, and low-resistance devices. With low-resistance DPIs, the disaggregation and the microdispersion of the drug highly depend on the patient’s inhalation airflow rate, because the role of the resistance-induced turbulence is obviously negligible in these cases. This flow-rate dependency is minimized in the presence of a sufficient regimen of turbulence as in the case of medium-resistance DPIs. Both the disaggregation and the micro-dispersion of the powdered drug are optimized in these circumstances even in the absence of a maximal inspiratory flow rate. The low resistance DPIs should not be regarded as the best performer DPIs because their intrinsic low-resistance regimen requires a higher inspiratory airflow rate and effort, which frequently cannot be achieved by subjects suffering from a disease-induced airflow limitation. Only when the ratio between the inhalation flow rate and the DPI intrinsic resistance is balanced, the speed of the particulate, the distribution of the drug within the lung, and the variability of the effective inhaled dose are optimized.

Inspiratory flow rate through a dry powder inhaler (Clickhaler®) in children with asthma

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Parry-Billings ◽  
Claire Birrell ◽  
Louise Oldham ◽  
Christopher O'Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Dry Powder Inhaler ◽  
Inspiratory Flow ◽  
Inspiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Children With Asthma
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