Solvent Influences on Metastable Polymorph Lifetimes: Real-Time Interconversions Using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffractometry**We dedicate this paper to Professor David Grant. Not only a talented scientist, he was a man who gave freely of his time and ideas to support and encourage others, including ourselves.

2007 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1069-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana L. DeMatos ◽  
Adrian C. Williams ◽  
Steven W. Booth ◽  
Catherine R. Petts ◽  
David J. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Review of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Characterization for Mass Concentration, Size Distribution and Chemical Composition

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Behrooz Abbasi ◽  
Xiaoliang Wang ◽  
Judith C. Chow ◽  
John G. Watson ◽  
Bijan Peik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Mine Dust ◽  
Mass Concentrations

Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure is associated with black lung and silicosis diseases in underground miners. Although only RCMD mass and silica concentrations are regulated, it is possible that particle size, surface area, and other chemical constituents also contribute to its adverse health effects. This review summarizes measurement technologies for RCMD mass concentrations, morphology, size distributions, and chemical compositions, with examples from published efforts where these methods have been applied. Some state-of-the-art technologies presented in this paper have not been certified as intrinsically safe, and caution should be exerted for their use in explosive environments. RCMD mass concentrations are most often obtained by filter sampling followed by gravimetric analysis, but recent requirements for real-time monitoring by continuous personal dust monitors (CPDM) enable quicker exposure risk assessments. Emerging low-cost photometers provide an opportunity for a wider deployment of real-time exposure assessment. Particle size distributions can be determined by microscopy, cascade impactors, aerodynamic spectrometers, optical particle counters, and electrical mobility analyzers, each with unique advantages and limitations. Different filter media are required to collect integrated samples over working shifts for comprehensive chemical analysis. Teflon membrane filters are used for mass by gravimetry, elements by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, rare-earth elements by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. Quartz fiber filters are analyzed for organic, elemental, and brown carbon by thermal/optical methods and non-polar organics by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Polycarbonate-membrane filters are analyzed for morphology and elements by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray, and quartz content by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

Real-time Mineralogy, Lithology, and Chemostratigraphy While Drilling using Portable Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Francesco Marsala ◽  
Ton Loermans ◽  
Shouwen Shen ◽  
Christian Scheibe ◽  
Rachad Zereik
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray

Energy-dispersive X-ray reflectivity and GID for real-time growth studies of pentacene thin films

2007 ◽  
Vol 515 (14) ◽  
pp. 5606-5610 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kowarik ◽  
A. Gerlach ◽  
W. Leitenberger ◽  
J. Hu ◽  
G. Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Growth Studies

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Microporous Tin Sulfides Studied by Real-Time in Situ Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2102-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Francis ◽  
S. J. Price ◽  
J. S. O. Evans ◽  
S. O'Brie ◽  
D. O'Hare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tin Sulfides

The tangled tale of Kīlauea’s 2018 eruption as told by geochemical monitoring

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (6470) ◽  
pp. eaaz0147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Gansecki ◽  
R. Lopaka Lee ◽  
Thomas Shea ◽  
Steven P. Lundblad ◽  
Ken Hon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Geochemical Monitoring ◽  
X Ray

Changes in magma chemistry that affect eruptive behavior occur during many volcanic eruptions, but typical analytical techniques are too slow to contribute to hazard monitoring. We used rapid energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis to measure diagnostic elements in lava samples within a few hours of collection during the 2018 Kīlauea eruption. The geochemical data provided important information for field crews and civil authorities in advance of changing hazards during the eruption. The appearance of hotter magma was recognized several days before the onset of voluminous eruptions of fast-moving flows that destroyed hundreds of homes. We identified, in near real-time, interactions between older, colder, stored magma—including the unexpected eruption of andesite—and hotter magma delivered during dike emplacement.

Chain-length dependent growth dynamics of n-alkanes on silica investigated by energy-dispersive x-ray reflectivity in situ and in real-time

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (20) ◽  
pp. 204709 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Weber ◽  
C. Frank ◽  
S. Bommel ◽  
T. Rukat ◽  
W. Leitenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dependent Growth

Microanalysis of precipitates in a ferritic steel

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 618-619
Author(s):  
J.M. Titchmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Particle Identification ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Ferritic Steels ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Made In

The advances in recent years in the microanalytical capabilities of conventional TEM's fitted with probe forming lenses allow much more detailed investigations to be made of the microstructures of complex alloys, such as ferritic steels, than have been possible previously. In particular, the identification of individual precipitate particles with dimensions of a few tens of nanometers in alloys containing high densities of several chemically and crystallographically different precipitate types is feasible. The aim of the investigation described in this paper was to establish a method which allowed individual particle identification to be made in a few seconds so that large numbers of particles could be examined in a few hours.A Philips EM400 microscope, fitted with the scanning transmission (STEM) objective lens pole-pieces and an EDAX energy dispersive X-ray analyser, was used at 120 kV with a thermal W hairpin filament. The precipitates examined were extracted using a standard C replica technique from specimens of a 2¼Cr-lMo ferritic steel in a quenched and tempered condition.

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