Role of nitrogen supplementation in alleviating drought-associated growth and metabolic impairments in Phoebe zhennan seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 182 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Tariq ◽  
Kaiwen Pan ◽  
Olusanya Abiodun Olatunji ◽  
Corina Graciano ◽  
Ningning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Supplementation ◽  
Phoebe Zhennan ◽  
Metabolic Impairments

scholarly journals Metabolic Therapy in Heart Failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Lopatin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Energy Metabolism ◽  
Conventional Medical Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Energy ◽  
Metabolic Impairments

Metabolic impairments play an important role in the development and progression of heart failure. The use of metabolic modulators, the number of which is steadily increasing, may be particularly effective in the treatment of heart failure. Recent evidence suggests that modulating cardiac energy metabolism by reducing fatty acid oxidation and/or increasing glucose oxidation represents a promising approach to the treatment of patients with heart failure. This review focuses on the role of metabolic modulators, in particular trimetazidine, as a potential additional medication to conventional medical therapy in heart failure.

scholarly journals “Hylabak” and “Theagel” use for dry eye syndrome in diabetic patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Niurguyana Nikolaevna Grigorieva ◽  
Mariya Viktorovna Panfilova ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Stepanova ◽  
Fedor Evgenievich Shadrichev
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Impairments

During last ten years the prevalence of diabetes mellitus significantly increased. Taking into consideration the role of metabolic impairments in the pathogenesis of diabetes and of dry eye syndrome, the increase in number of patients suffering from kerato-conjunctival xerosis on the background of carbohydrate metabolism disorder is highly predictive. This is favored also by the fact that type 2 diabetes, assuring the main increase in disease incidence, is constantly “rejuvenating”, more and more covering a substantial group of a socially-active part of population, which assumes a modern life-style with all the adverse effects accompanying hasty urbanization. The article is dedicated to the comprehensive dry eye syndrome treatment in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Enhances Salt Tolerance by Modulating the Antioxidant Defense System and Osmoregulation Substance Content in Gossypium hirsutum

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ripon Kumar Sikder ◽  
Xiangru Wang ◽  
Hengheng Zhang ◽  
Huiping Gui ◽  
Qiang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Nitrogen Supplementation ◽  
Pigment Synthesis

Increasing soil salinity suppresses both productivity and fiber quality of cotton, thus, an appropriate management approach needs to be developed to lessen the detrimental effect of salinity stress. This study assessed two cotton genotypes with different salt sensitivities to investigate the possible role of nitrogen supplementation at the seedling stage. Salt stress induced by sodium chloride (NaCl, 200 mmol·L−1) decreased the growth traits and dry mass production of both genotypes. Nitrogen supplementation increased the plant water status, photosynthetic pigment synthesis, and gas exchange attributes. Addition of nitrogen to the saline media significantly decreased the generation of lethal oxidative stress biomarkers such as hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage ratio. The activity of the antioxidant defense system was upregulated in both saline and non-saline growth media as a result of nitrogen application. Furthermore, nitrogen supplementation enhanced the accumulation of osmolytes, such as soluble sugars, soluble proteins, and free amino acids. This established the beneficial role of nitrogen by retaining additional osmolality to uphold the relative water content and protect the photosynthetic apparatus, particularly in the salt-sensitive genotype. In summary, nitrogen application may represent a potential strategy to overcome the salinity-mediated impairment of cotton to some extent.

scholarly journals Beneficial metabolic role of β-arrestin-1 expressed by AgRP neurons

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. eaaz1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai P. Pydi ◽  
Zhenzhong Cui ◽  
Zhenyan He ◽  
Luiz F. Barella ◽  
Jonathan Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Metabolic Role ◽  
Hepatic Glucose ◽  
Obesogenic Diet ◽  
Metabolic Impairments

β-Arrestin-1 and β-arrestin-2 have emerged as important signaling molecules that modulate glucose fluxes in several peripheral tissues. The potential roles of neuronally expressed β-arrestins in regulating glucose homeostasis remain unknown. We here report that mice lacking β-arrestin-1 (barr1) selectively in AgRP neurons displayed impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity when consuming an obesogenic diet, while mice overexpressing barr1 selectively in AgRP neurons were protected against obesity-associated metabolic impairments. Additional physiological, biochemical, and electrophysiological data indicated that the presence of barr1 is essential for insulin-mediated hyperpolarization of AgRP neurons. As a result, barr1 expressed by AgRP neurons regulates efferent neuronal pathways that suppress hepatic glucose production and promote lipolysis in adipose tissue. Mice lacking β-arrestin-2 (barr2) selectively in AgRP neurons showed no substantial metabolic phenotypes. Our data suggest that agents able to enhance the activity of barr1 in AgRP neurons may prove beneficial as antidiabetic drugs.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

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