Tolerability and Effects of the Use of Energy‐Enriched Infant Formula After Congenital Heart Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-354
Author(s):  
Vanessa Adriana Scheeffer ◽  
Claudia Pires Ricachinevsky ◽  
Alessandra Thaís Freitas ◽  
Francis Salamon ◽  
Flavia Feijó Nunes Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Congenital Heart Surgery ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Nitric oxide precursors and congenital heart surgery: A randomized controlled trial of oral citrulline

2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi A.B. Smith ◽  
Jeffrey A. Canter ◽  
Karla G. Christian ◽  
Davis C. Drinkwater ◽  
Frank G. Scholl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Congenital Heart Surgery ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Term infant formula supplemented with milk-derived oligosaccharides shifts the gut microbiota closer to that of human milk-fed infants and improves intestinal immune defense: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Estorninos ◽  
Rachel B Lawenko ◽  
Eisel Palestroque ◽  
Norbert Sprenger ◽  
Jalil Benyacoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Intact Protein ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background Bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides (MOS) containing primarily galacto-oligosaccharides with inherent levels of sialylated oligosaccharides can be added to infant formula to enhance the oligosaccharide profile. Objective To investigate the effects of a MOS-supplemented infant formula on gut microbiota and intestinal immunity. Methods In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, healthy-term formula-fed infants aged 21–26 days either received an intact protein cow's milk-based formula (control group, CG, n = 112) or the same formula containing 7.2 g MOS/L (experimental group, EG, n = 114) until age 6 months. Exclusively human milk-fed infants (HFI, n = 70) from an observational study served as reference. Fecal samples collected at baseline, 2.5 and 4 months of age were assessed for microbiota (16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid—based approaches), metabolites and biomarkers of gut health and immune response. Results At age 2.5 and 4 months, redundancy analysis (P = 0.002) and average phylogenetic distance (P < 0.05) showed that the overall microbiota composition in EG was different from CG and closer to that of HFI. Similarly, EG caesarean-born infants were different from CG caesarean- or vaginally-born infants and approaching HFI vaginally-born infants. Relative bifidobacteria abundance was higher in EG vs. CG (P < 0.05) approaching HFI. At age 4 months, counts of Clostridioides difficile and Clostridium perfringens were ∼90% (P < 0.001) and ∼65% (P < 0.01) lower in EG vs. CG, respectively. Mean (95%CI) fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) in EG was twice that of CG [70 (57,85) vs. 34 (28,42) mg/g, P < 0.001] and closer to HFI. Fecal oral polio vaccine-specific IgA was ∼50% higher in EG vs. CG (P = 0.065). Compared to CG, EG and HFI had lower fecal calcium excretion (by ∼30%) and fecal pH (P < 0.001), and higher lactate concentration (P < 0.001). Conclusions Infant formula with MOS shifts the gut microbiota and metabolic signature closer to that of HFI, has a strong bifidogenic effect, reduces fecal pathogens, and improves intestinal immune response.

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