Mechanically induced bone formation is not sensitive to local osteocyte density in rat vertebral cancellous bone

Bacterial infection in orthopedic surgery is challenging because cell wall components released after bactericidal treatment can alter osteoblast and osteoclast activity and impair fracture stability. However, the precise effects and mechanisms whereby cell wall components impair bone healing are unclear. In this study, we characterized the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on bone healing and osteoclast and osteoblast activity in vitro and in vivo and evaluated the effects of ibudilast, an antagonist of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), on LPS-induced changes. In particular, micro-computed tomography was used to reconstruct femoral morphology and analyze callus bone content in a femoral defect mouse model. In the sham-treated group, significant bone bridge and cancellous bone formation were observed after surgery, however, LPS treatment delayed bone bridge and cancellous bone formation. LPS inhibited osteogenic factor-induced MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, calcium deposition, and osteopontin secretion and increased the activity of osteoclast-associated molecules, including cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in vitro. Finally, ibudilast blocked the LPS-induced inhibition of osteoblast activation and activation of osteoclast in vitro and attenuated LPS-induced delayed callus bone formation in vivo. Our results provide a basis for the development of a novel strategy for the treatment of bone infection.

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Microdialysis for the Assessment of Intervertebral Disc and Vertebral Cancellous Bone Metabolism in a Large Porcine Model

In Vivo ◽

10.21873/invivo.11804 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 527-532

Author(s):

MATS BUE ◽

PELLE HANBERG ◽

MAJA B. THOMASSEN ◽

MIKKEL TØTTRUP ◽

THEIS M. THILLEMANN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intervertebral Disc ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Porcine Model ◽

Vertebral Cancellous Bone

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Primary cancellous bone formation with BMP and micro-chambered beads

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2012.08.120 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 465-473 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M.E. Draenert ◽

K.-H. Kunzelmann ◽

F. Forriol ◽

R. Hickel ◽

K. Draenert

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Cancellous Bone

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Assessment of the Directional Elastic Moduli of Ewe Vertebral Cancellous Bone by Vibrational Testing

Annals of Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1114/1.153 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 103-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Paul S. Weinhold ◽

Simon C. Roe ◽

Jerome A. Gilbert ◽

C. Frank Abrams

Keyword(s):

Cancellous Bone ◽

Elastic Moduli ◽

Vertebral Cancellous Bone

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Permeability study of vertebral cancellous bone using micro-computational fluid dynamics

Computer Methods in Biomechanics & Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1080/10255842.2010.539563 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 417-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jeremy C.M. Teo ◽

Swee Hin Teoh

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Permeability Study ◽

Vertebral Cancellous Bone

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Osteopontin Deficiency Induces Parathyroid Hormone Enhancement of Cortical Bone Formation

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2002-220996 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 144 (5) ◽

pp. 2132-2140 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Keiichiro Kitahara ◽

Muneaki Ishijima ◽

Susan R. Rittling ◽

Kunikazu Tsuji ◽

Hisashi Kurosawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Wild Type ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cortical Bone Mass ◽

Intermittent Pth

Intermittent PTH treatment increases cancellous bone mass in osteoporosis patients; however, it reveals diverse effects on cortical bone mass. Underlying molecular mechanisms for anabolic PTH actions are largely unknown. Because PTH regulates expression of osteopontin (OPN) in osteoblasts, OPN could be one of the targets of PTH in bone. Therefore, we examined the role of OPN in the PTH actions in bone. Intermittent PTH treatment neither altered whole long-bone bone mineral density nor changed cortical bone mass in wild-type 129 mice, although it enhanced cancellous bone volume as reported previously. In contrast, OPN deficiency induced PTH enhancement of whole-bone bone mineral density as well as cortical bone mass. Strikingly, although PTH suppressed periosteal bone formation rate (BFR) and mineral apposition rate (MAR) in cortical bone in wild type, OPN deficiency induced PTH activation of periosteal BFR and MAR. In cancellous bone, OPN deficiency further enhanced PTH increase in BFR and MAR. Analysis on the cellular bases for these phenomena indicated that OPN deficiency augmented PTH enhancement in the increase in mineralized nodule formation in vitro. OPN deficiency did not alter the levels of PTH enhancement of the excretion of deoxypyridinoline in urine, the osteoclast number in vivo, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cell development in vitro. These observations indicated that OPN deficiency specifically induces PTH activation of periosteal bone formation in the cortical bone envelope.

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The use of solvent-preserved human and bovine cancellous bone blocks for lateral defect augmentation - an experimental controlled study in vivo

Head & Face Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13005-021-00275-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lara Schorn ◽

Tim Fienitz ◽

Kathrin Berndsen ◽

Norbert R. Kübler ◽

Henrik Holtmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Bone Substitute ◽

Bone Matrix ◽

Human Bone ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Bovine Bone ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Bone Substitute Material ◽

Substitute Material

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare new bone formation, resorbed bone matrix, and fibrous enclosed residual bone substitute material in laterally augmented alveolar bone defects using allogeneic, pre-treated and cleaned human bone blocks (tested in dogs, therefore considered to be xenogeneic), and pre-treated and cleaned bovine cancellous bone blocks, both with and without a collagen membrane in order to evaluate their augmentative potential. Methods Thirty-two critical size horizontal defects were prepared in the mandible of 4 adult foxhound dogs (8 per dog, 4 on each side). After 3 months of healing, the defects were laterally augmented in a split-mouth-design with either human (HXB) or bovine solvent-preserved bone blocks (BXB). Afterwards, defects were randomly covered with a bovine collagenous membrane (HXB + M, BXB + M). After a healing interval of 6 months, percentages of new bone formation, resorbed bone matrix, and fibrous enclosed residual bone substitute material were compared. Results Results showed little new bone formation of up to 3.7 % in human bone blocks (HXB 3.7 % ± 10.2, HXB + M 0.3 %± 0.4, BXB, 0.1 % ± 0.8, BXB + M 2.6 % ± 3.2, p = > 0.05). Percentages of fibrous encapsulation were higher in human bone blocks than in bovine bone blocks (HXB 71.2 % ± 8.6, HXB + M 73.71 % ± 10.6, BXB, 60.5 % ± 27.4, BXB + M 52.5 % ± 28.4, p = > 0.05). Resorption rates differed from 44.8 % in bovine bone blocks covered with a membrane to 17.4 % in human bone blocks (HXB 17.4 % ± 7.4, HXB + M 25.9 % ± 10.7, BXB, 38.4 % ± 27.2, BXB + M 44.8 % ± 29.6, p = > 0.05). The use of additional membranes did not significantly affect results. Conclusions Within its limitations, results of this study suggest that solvent-preserved xenogenic human and bovine bone blocks are not suitable for lateral bone augmentation in dogs. Furthermore, defect coverage with a membrane does not positively affect the outcome.

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