Scientific Productivity and Idea Acceptance in Nobel Laureates

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Charyton ◽  
Samantha Lynn DeDios ◽  
Thomas Eugene Nygren
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Nobel Laureates

Transactions in science in comparative perspective

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-69
Author(s):  
A. N. Oleinik
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
North American ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Institutional Environments ◽  
Academic Administrator ◽  
The North ◽  
American Case ◽  
Transactional Approach

The article develops a transactional approach to studying science. Two concepts play a particularly important role: the institutional environment of science and scientific transaction. As an example, the North-American and Russian institutional environments of science are compared. It is shown that structures of scientific transactions (between peers, between the scholar and the academic administrator, between the professor and the student), transaction costs and the scope of academic freedom differ in these two cases. Transaction costs are non-zero in both cases, however. At the same time, it is hypothesized that a greater scope of academic freedom in the North American case may be a factor contributing to a higher scientific productivity.

HISTORIAN AND PHILOSOPHER M.S. VOSLENSKY ABOUT THE RULING CLASS OF SOVIET SOCIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-116
Author(s):  
S.A. KOLESNIKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Key Aspects

The purpose of the article is to present and substantiate the conceptual possibilities of theological histori-cism in considering the key aspects of spiritual and social history. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion about the scientific productivity and effectiveness of theological historicism in hermeneutic socio-historical projects.

scholarly journals The Pandemic Penalty: The Gendered Effects of COVID-19 on Scientific Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312110069
Author(s):  
Molly M. King ◽  
Megan E. Frederickson
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
Gender Composition ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Scholarly Productivity ◽  
Workplace Productivity ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women

Academia serves as a valuable case for studying the effects of social forces on workplace productivity, using a concrete measure of output: scholarly papers. Many academics, especially women, have experienced unprecedented challenges to scholarly productivity during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The authors analyze the gender composition of more than 450,000 authorships in the arXiv and bioRxiv scholarly preprint repositories from before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This analysis reveals that the underrepresentation of women scientists in the last authorship position necessary for retention and promotion in the sciences is growing more inequitable. The authors find differences between the arXiv and bioRxiv repositories in how gender affects first, middle, and sole authorship submission rates before and during the pandemic. A review of existing research and theory outlines potential mechanisms underlying this widening gender gap in productivity during COVID-19. The authors aggregate recommendations for institutional change that could ameliorate challenges to women’s productivity during the pandemic and beyond.

scholarly journals The Trend of Scientific Productivity of Chinese, EuropeanUnion, and United States Universities and Private Companies: Does the Future Belong to E-Technology Companies?

Publications ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Mauro G. Carta ◽  
Matthias C. Angermeyer ◽  
Silvano Tagliagambe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
American Universities ◽  
The Us ◽  
Parametric Statistics ◽  
The Eu

The purpose is to verify trends of scientific production from 2010 to 2020, considering the best universities of the United States, China, the European Union (EU), and private companies. The top 30 universities in 2020 in China, the EU, and the US and private companies were selected from the SCImago institutions ranking (SIR). The positions in 2020, 2015, and 2010 in SIR and three sub-indicators were analyzed by means of non-parametric statistics, taking into consideration the effect of time and group on rankings. American and European Union universities have lost positions to Chinese universities and even more to private companies, which have improved. In 2020, private companies have surpassed all other groups considering Innovation as a sub-indicator. The loss of leadership of European and partly American universities mainly concerns research linked to the production of patents. This can lead to future risks of monopoly that may elude public control and cause a possible loss of importance of research not linked to innovation.

scholarly journals Astronomy in Chile: Assessment of scientific productivity through a bibliometric analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cortes ◽  
Denise Depoortere ◽  
Lucina Malaver
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Citation Impact ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Space Research ◽  
Astronomical Observation ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Alternative Metrics

The skies of Northern Chile are considered among the best in the world for astronomy due to their geographical, climatic and atmospheric conditions. In fact, during the last several decades, a great number of astronomical observatories have been built by space research institutions devoted to space research, turning Chile into one of the countries with the greatest astronomical observation capacity in the world. Consequently, it is relevant to explore and assess the development of astronomy in Chile during the last ten years (2005-2015), carrying out a bibliometric analysis to extract traditional metrics, complemented with alternative metrics, to identify the Chilean production and scientific contribution of research in this field of knowledge. The results from traditional metrics, based on the information obtained in the Web of Science (WoS) database analyzed through InCites for the Astronomy & Astrophysics category indicate a sustained increase of the scientific production for the discipline during the last ten years. In particular, the Normalized Citation Impact of organizations and institutions conducting research in Chile is above the worldwide average. On the other hand, the alternative metrics, including for instance, the altmetrics types presented by the SCOPUS database, reflect that the Chilean research impact is much lower in the context of social networks.

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