A synoptic-scale climate analysis of anomalous snow water equivalent over the Northern Great Plains of the USA

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 871-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Grundstein
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Synoptic Scale ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Snow Water ◽  
Climate Analysis

A comparison of modeled, remotely sensed, and measured snow water equivalent in the northern Great Plains

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Mote ◽  
Andrew J. Grundstein ◽  
Daniel J. Leathers ◽  
David A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Snow Water

Intercomparison of snow water equivalent observations in the Northern Great Plains

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel E. Tuttle ◽  
Jennifer M. Jacobs ◽  
Carrie M. Vuyovich ◽  
Carrie Olheiser ◽  
Eunsang Cho
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Snow Water

A hybrid Climatology of Snow Water Equivalent Over the Northern Great Plains of the United States

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Grundstein ◽  
Thomas Mote ◽  
Daniel Leathers
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Snow Water

Characteristics and Predictability of Midwestern United States Drought

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hoell ◽  
Trent W. Ford ◽  
Molly Woloszyn ◽  
Jason A. Otkin ◽  
Jon Eischeid
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Ohio Valley ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
Wave Trains

AbstractCharacteristics and predictability of drought in the Midwestern United States, spanning the Great Plains to the Ohio Valley, at local and regional scales are examined during 1916-2015. Given vast differences in hydroclimatic variability across the Midwest, drought is evaluated in four regions identified using a hierarchical clustering algorithm applied to an integrated drought index based on soil moisture, snow water equivalent, and three-month runoff from land surface models forced by observed analyses. Highlighting the regions containing the Ohio Valley (OV) and Northern Great Plains (NGP), the OV demonstrates a preference for sub-annual droughts, the timing of which can lead to prevalent dry epochs, while the NGP demonstrates a preference for annual-to-multi-annual droughts. Regional drought variations are closely related to precipitation, resulting in a higher likelihood of drought onset or demise during wet seasons: March-November in the NGP and all year in the OV, with a preference for March-May and September-November. Due to the distinct dry season in the NGP, there is a higher likelihood of longer drought persistence, as the NGP is four times more likely to experience drought lasting at least one year compared to the OV. While drought variability in all regions and seasons are related to atmospheric wave trains spanning the Pacific-North American sector, longer-lead predictability is limited to the OV in December-February because it is the only region/season related to slow-varying sea surface temperatures consistent with El Niño-Southern Oscillation. The wave trains in all other regions appear to be generated in the atmosphere, highlighting the importance of internal atmospheric variability in shaping Midwestern drought.

WINTERHARDINESS OF ALFALFA CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN SASKATCHEWAN

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. HEINRICHS
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Winter injury occurring at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, was recorded in 17 tests during the period 1962–72. Cultivars developed in the Northern Great Plains Region of the USA and in Canada were generally more winter-hardy than cultivars developed in other regions of North America or in Europe. Cultivars classified as Medicago media Pers. were more winter-hardy than those classified as Medicago sativa L. Very few USA cultivars were more winter-hardy than Vernal, but most Canadian cultivars were. In nonhardy cultivars winter injury never occurred during the first winter, but it often occurred in the second winter and frequently in the third winter. There was considerably more winter injury among alfalfa cultivars on irrigated land than on dry land. Based on results from these tests, 50 cultivars and strains have been classified for relative winterhardiness under climatic conditions in southern Saskatchewan, Canada.

An Assessment of Sodium‐ and Salt‐Affected Soils in the Northern Great Plains of the USA with EMI

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Doolittle ◽  
Michael Ulmer ◽  
Eric Brevik ◽  
Jeanne Heilig ◽  
John Kempenich
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Salt Affected Soils

scholarly journals Implementation of dynamic snow density within GlobSnow snow water equivalent retrieval methodology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinja Venäläinen ◽  
Kari Luojus ◽  
Juha Lemmetyinen ◽  
Jouni Pulliainen ◽  
Mikko Moisander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Snow Density ◽  
Post Process ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Snow Water ◽  
Global Coverage

Abstract. Snow water equivalent (SWE) is an important variable in describing global seasonal snow cover. Traditionally, SWE has been measured manually at snow transects or using observations from weather stations. However, these measurements have a poor spatial coverage, and a good alternative to in-situ measurements is to use spaceborne passive microwave observations, which can provide global coverage at daily timescales. The reliability and accuracy of SWE estimates made using spaceborne microwave radiometer data can be improved by assimilating radiometer observations with weather station snow depth observations as done in the GlobSnow SWE retrieval methodology. However, one possible source of uncertainty in the GlobSnow SWE retrieval approach is the constant snow density used in modelling the emission of snow. In this paper, three versions of spatially and temporally varying snow density fields were implemented using snow transect data from Eurasia and Canada and automated snow observations from the USA. Snow density fields were used to post-process the baseline GlobSnow v.3.0 SWE product. Decadal snow density information, i.e. fields where snow density for each day of the year was taken as the mean calculated for the corresponding day over ten years, was found to produces the best results. Overall, post-processing GlobSnow SWE retrieval with dynamic snow density information improved overestimation of small SWE values and underestimation of large SWE values, though underestimation of SWE values larger than 175 mm was still significant.

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