Comparison between observations and gridded data sets over complex terrain in the Chilean Andes: Precipitation and temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 5266-5288
Author(s):  
Vanúcia Schumacher ◽  
Flávio Justino ◽  
Alfonso Fernández ◽  
Oliver Meseguer‐Ruiz ◽  
Pablo Sarricolea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Gridded Data ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature ◽  
Chilean Andes

Visualizing sparse gridded data sets

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Djurcilov ◽  
A. Pang
Keyword(s):  
Data Sets ◽  
Gridded Data

scholarly journals Climate change projections over Indus basin using CMIP6 model simulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOTESWARARAO KUNDETI ◽  
Lakshmi Kumar T.V ◽  
Ashwini Kulkarni ◽  
Chowdary J.S ◽  
Srinivas Desamsetti
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Abstract Indus basin is one of the most vulnerable regions due to climate change. This article presents the projected changes in precipitation and temperature over the Indus Basin using statistically downscaled, bias-corrected Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-6 (CMIP6) data sets for different shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) in response to global warming. The future changes in precipitation and temperature extremes for different epochal periods of the 21st century are outlined. The spatial variations of precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature obtained from the Multi-Model Mean (MMM) of CMIP6 models showed a good agreement with observations such as APHRODITE (precipitation), CPC (temperature) for the base period 1995 to 2014 over the Indus Basin. Our results suggest that there is a general increase in precipitation/ maximum and minimum temperature over the Upper Indus Basin/Lower Indus Basin by the end of the 21st century. It is also noted that the spatial variability of extreme climate indices is high during June to September (JJAS) than December to January (DJF). By the end of the century projections show that the precipitation changes are about 85% in JJAS and 40% in DJF with reference to the baseline (1995–2014) period over Indus Basin region. The temperature extreme indices are also increasing in future compare to the baseline period.

scholarly journals A novel hydrographic gridded data set for the northern Antarctic Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-696
Author(s):  
Tiago S. Dotto ◽  
Mauricio M. Mata ◽  
Rodrigo Kerr ◽  
Carlos A. E. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Gridded Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Early 21St Century

Abstract. The northern Antarctic Peninsula (NAP) is a highly dynamic transitional zone between the subpolar-polar and oceanic-coastal environments, and it is located in an area affected by intense climate change, including intensification and spatial shifts of the westerlies as well as atmospheric and oceanic warming. In the NAP area, the water masses originate mainly from the Bellingshausen and Weddell seas, which create a marked regional dichotomy thermohaline characteristic. Although the NAP area has relatively easy access when compared to other Southern Ocean environments, our understanding of the water masses' distribution and the dynamical processes affecting the variability of the region is still limited. That limitation is closely linked to the sparse data coverage, as is commonly the case in most Southern Ocean environments. This work provides a novel seasonal three-dimensional high-resolution hydrographic gridded data set for the NAP (version 1), namely the NAPv1.0. Hydrographic measurements from 1990 to 2019 comprising data collected by conductivity, temperature, depth (CTD) casts; sensors from the Marine Mammals Exploring the Oceans Pole to Pole (MEOP) consortium; and Argo floats have been optimally interpolated to produce maps of in situ temperature, practical salinity, and dissolved oxygen at ∼ 10 km spatial resolution and 90 depth levels. The water masses and oceanographic features in this regional gridded product are more accurate than other climatologies and state estimate products currently available. The data sets are available in netCDF format at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4420006 (Dotto et al., 2021). The novel and comprehensive data sets presented here for the NAPv1.0 product are a valuable tool to be used in studies addressing climatological changes in the unique NAP region since they provide accurate initial conditions for ocean models and improve the end of the 20th- and early 21st-century ocean mean-state representation for that area.

scholarly journals Bias in the variance of gridded data sets leads to misleading conclusions about changes in climate variability

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 3413-3422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Beguería ◽  
Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano ◽  
Miquel Tomás-Burguera ◽  
Marco Maneta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Gridded Data

scholarly journals Numerical Prediction of Extreme Precipitation over a Truly Complex Terrain of Nepal Himalaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Maharjan ◽  
Ram R Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Precipitation Pattern ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Nepal Himalaya ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

The predictability of extreme precipitation over truly complex terrain of Nepal Himalaya using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Modeling System has been examined with the case study of record high precipitation (357 mm in 24-hours) over the Pokhara area on the day of 18 August 2001 initialized with NCEP Reanalysis Global Data sets of 1° x 1° resolution without appreciating observation data assimilation. The model resolved the essential features of the precipitation pattern over the area although the model underestimated the reported amount of precipitation as much as 87 mm. The difference may be attributed to the highly localized intense precipitation due to local effects. Significant improvement in the accuracy of prediction can be expected with detail regional meteorological data assimilation.Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2015, 20(1): 15-19

Environmental Electronic Sensing Systems

Geography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Gridded Data ◽  
Environmental Processes ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Electronic Sensing ◽  
Selection Of

Although environmental measurement instrumentation has been utilized by human civilizations for thousands of years, the use of electronics to conduct measurements closely parallels the development of electrical theory from the 19th century to the present. Environmental electronic sensing systems have been created to automate measurement tasks that are difficult for humans to repeat in a precise and synchronous fashion or to measure phenomena that cannot be manually observed at scales ranging from the microscopic to the planetary. The collection and recording of data at regular timesteps enable inputs to mathematical models that provide predictions and forecasts of environmental processes; moreover, these models can be used to better understand planetary systems. Data measurements conducted at different scales can be subjected to statistical or scaling analysis to provide gridded data sets for application of mathematical models. Point measurements made at a single geographic location provide calibration or validation for satellite remote sensing data products. Measurements made by different sensors can be utilized along with sensor fusion algorithms to calculate indexes or gridded data sets. The sources in this article have been selected to provide an overview of the sensors and associated sensing systems that measure components of the environment on or near the surface of the Earth. Each first-level heading demarcates different environmental components. The final section of the article provides a selection of references pertaining to the engineering of sensor networks that are used to obtain areal measurements of environmental processes. Each section contains a series of subsections that divide the literature according to the type of sensor or measurement. An emphasis is placed on the selection of references that provide insight into the measurement physics of the sensor and the environmental physics of the phenomena being measured. Moreover, references are selected that provide schematic diagrams and engineering design considerations suitable for replication and development of new sensors. Papers on sensor calibration and error analysis as well as case studies are included for operational use and field deployment applications. Due to the numerous papers that have been published on environmental sensing systems, it is not possible to cite all available literature pertaining to a certain type of sensor. To close gaps in the literature and to provide ideas for students, instrument developers, engineers, and environmental scientists, overview papers are also provided in this article. These overview papers often present ideas in a succinct fashion and the associated sensor mathematics, design, and signal processing are provided in a manner to enhance pedagogical value.

scholarly journals Stochastic temporal disaggregation of monthly precipitation for regional gridded data sets

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 8714-8735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Thober ◽  
Juliane Mai ◽  
Matthias Zink ◽  
Luis Samaniego
Keyword(s):  
Data Sets ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Gridded Data ◽  
Temporal Disaggregation
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