Wind waves climatology of the Southeast Pacific Ocean

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 4288-4301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Aguirre ◽  
José A. Rutllant ◽  
Mark Falvey
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Southeast Pacific

scholarly journals First record of hybridization between greenChelonia mydasand hawksbillEretmochelys imbricatasea turtles in the Southeast Pacific

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaleyla Kelez ◽  
Ximena Velez-Zuazo ◽  
Aldo S. Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Southeast Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Hybridization among sea turtle species has been widely reported in the Atlantic Ocean, but their detection in the Pacific Ocean is limited to just two individual hybrid turtles, in the northern hemisphere. Herein, we report, for the first time in the southeast Pacific, the presence of a sea turtle hybrid between the green turtleChelonia mydasand the hawksbill turtleEretmochelys imbricata.This juvenile sea turtle was captured in northern Peru (4°13′S; 81°10′W) on the 5thof January, 2014. The individual exhibited morphological characteristics ofC. mydassuch as dark green coloration, single pair of pre-frontal scales, four post-orbital scales, and mandibular median ridge, while the presence of two claws in each frontal flipper, and elongated snout resembled the features ofE. imbricata. In addition to morphological evidence, we confirmed the hybrid status of this animal using genetic analysis of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I, which revealed that the hybrid individual resulted from the cross between a femaleE. imbricataand a maleC. mydas. Our report extends the geographical range of occurrence of hybrid sea turtles in the Pacific Ocean, and is a significant observation of interspecific breeding between one of the world’s most critically endangered populations of sea turtles, the east PacificE. imbricata, and a relatively healthy population, the east PacificC. mydas.

Low prevalence of microplastic contamination in planktivorous fish species from the southeast Pacific Ocean

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Ory ◽  
Catherine Chagnon ◽  
Fernando Felix ◽  
César Fernández ◽  
Joana Lia Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Planktivorous Fish ◽  
Southeast Pacific ◽  
Low Prevalence

scholarly journals Impacts of aerosol particles on the microphysical and radiative properties of stratocumulus clouds over the southeast Pacific Ocean

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2541-2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Twohy ◽  
J. R. Anderson ◽  
D. W. Toohey ◽  
M. Andrejczuk ◽  
A. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Cloud Albedo ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Southeast Pacific ◽  
Stratocumulus Clouds ◽  
Near Shore

Abstract. The southeast Pacific Ocean is covered by the world's largest stratocumulus cloud layer, which has a strong impact on ocean temperatures and climate in the region. The effect of anthropogenic sources of aerosol particles on the stratocumulus deck was investigated during the VOCALS field experiment. Aerosol measurements below and above cloud were made with a ultra-high sensitivity aerosol spectrometer and analytical electron microscopy. In addition to more standard in-cloud measurements, droplets were collected and evaporated using a counterflow virtual impactor (CVI), and the non-volatile residual particles were analyzed. Many flights focused on the gradient in cloud properties on an E-W track along 20° S from near the Chilean coast to remote areas offshore. Mean statistics, including their significance, from eight flights and many individual legs were compiled. Consistent with a continental source of cloud condensation nuclei, below-cloud accumulation-mode aerosol and droplet number concentration generally decreased from near shore to offshore. Single particle analysis was used to reveal types and sources of the enhanced particle number that influence droplet concentration. While a variety of particle types were found throughout the region, the dominant particles near shore were partially neutralized sulfates. Modeling and chemical analysis indicated that the predominant source of these particles in the marine boundary layer along 20° S was anthropogenic pollution from central Chilean sources, with copper smelters a relatively small contribution. Cloud droplets were smaller in regions of enhanced particles near shore. However, physically thinner clouds, and not just higher droplet number concentrations from pollution, both contributed to the smaller droplets. Satellite measurements were used to show that cloud albedo was highest 500–1000 km offshore, and actually slightly lower closer to shore due to the generally thinner clouds and lower liquid water paths there. Thus, larger scale forcings that impact cloud macrophysical properties, as well as enhanced aerosol particles, are important in determining cloud droplet size and cloud albedo. Differences in the size distribution of droplet residual particles and ambient aerosol particles were observed. By progressively excluding small droplets from the CVI sample, we were able to show that the larger drops, some of which may initiate drizzle, contain the largest aerosol particles. Geometric mean diameters of droplet residual particles were larger than those of the below-cloud and above cloud distributions. However, a wide range of particle sizes can act as droplet nuclei in these stratocumulus clouds. A detailed LES microphysical model was used to show that this can occur without invoking differences in chemical composition of cloud-nucleating particles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document