scholarly journals A climatological validation of urban air temperature and electricity demand simulated by a regional climate model coupled with an urban canopy model and a building energy model in an Asian megacity

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 1035-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya Takane ◽  
Yukihiro Kikegawa ◽  
Masayuki Hara ◽  
Tomohiko Ihara ◽  
Yukitaka Ohashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Urban Canopy ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Urban Canopy Model ◽  
Canopy Model

scholarly journals Influence of Air-Conditioning Waste Heat on Air Temperature in Tokyo during Summer: Numerical Experiments Using an Urban Canopy Model Coupled with a Building Energy Model

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukitaka Ohashi ◽  
Yutaka Genchi ◽  
Hiroaki Kondo ◽  
Yukihiro Kikegawa ◽  
Hiroshi Yoshikado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Urban Canopy ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Urban Canopy Model ◽  
Canopy Model

Abstract A coupled model consisting of a multilayer urban canopy model and a building energy analysis model has been developed to investigate the diurnal variations of outdoor air temperature in the office areas of Tokyo, Japan. Observations and numerical experiments have been performed for the two office areas in Tokyo. The main results obtained in this study are as follows. The coupled model has accurately simulated the air temperature for a weekday case in which released waste heat has been calculated from the energy consumption and cooling load in the buildings. The model has also simulated the air temperature for a holiday case. However, the waste heat from the buildings has little influence on the outdoor temperatures and can be neglected because of the low working activity in the buildings. The waste heat from the air conditioners has caused a temperature rise of 1°–2°C or more on weekdays in the Tokyo office areas. This heating promotes the heat-island phenomenon in Tokyo on weekdays. Thus, it is shown that the energy consumption process (mainly with air conditioning) in buildings should be included in the modeling of summertime air temperature on weekdays in urban areas.

scholarly journals Advantages of using a fast urban canopy model as compared to a full mesoscale model to simulate the urban heat island of Barcelona

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. García-Díez ◽  
D. Lauwaet ◽  
H. Hooyberghs ◽  
J. Ballester ◽  
K. De Ridder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Urban Canopy ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Urban Canopy Model ◽  
Canopy Model

Abstract. As most of the population lives in urban environments, the simulation of the urban climate has become a key problem in the framework of the climate change impact assessment. However, the high computational power required by these simulations is a severe limitation. Here we present a study on the performance of a Urban Climate Model (UrbClim), designed to be several orders of magnitude faster than a full-fledge mesoscale model. The simulations are validated with station data and with land surface temperature observations retrieved by satellites. To explore the advantages of using a simple model like UrbClim, the results are compared with a simulation carried out with a state-of-the-art mesoscale model, the Weather Research and Forecasting model, using an Urban Canopy model. The effect of using different driving data is explored too, by using both relatively low resolution reanalysis data (70 km) and a higher resolution forecast model (15 km). The results show that, generally, the performance of the simple model is comparable to or better than the mesoscale model. The exception are the winds and the day-to-day correlation in the reanalysis driven run, but these problems disappear when taking the boundary conditions from the higher resolution forecast model.

scholarly journals Panama’s Current Climate Replicability in a Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model Nested in an Atmospheric General Circulation Model

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1543
Author(s):  
Reinhardt Pinzón ◽  
Noriko N. Ishizaki ◽  
Hidetaka Sasaki ◽  
Tosiyuki Nakaegawa
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Current Climate

To simulate the current climate, a 20-year integration of a non-hydrostatic regional climate model (NHRCM) with grid spacing of 5 and 2 km (NHRCM05 and NHRCM02, respectively) was nested within the AGCM. The three models did a similarly good job of simulating surface air temperature, and the spatial horizontal resolution did not affect these statistics. NHRCM02 did a good job of reproducing seasonal variations in surface air temperature. NHRCM05 overestimated annual mean precipitation in the western part of Panama and eastern part of the Pacific Ocean. NHRCM05 is responsible for this overestimation because it is not seen in MRI-AGCM. NHRCM02 simulated annual mean precipitation better than NHRCM05, probably due to a convection-permitting model without a convection scheme, such as the Kain and Fritsch scheme. Therefore, the finer horizontal resolution of NHRCM02 did a better job of replicating the current climatological mean geographical distributions and seasonal changes of surface air temperature and precipitation.

scholarly journals Regional Climate Model Simulations of U.S. Precipitation and Surface Air Temperature during 1982–2002: Interannual Variation

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhong Zhu ◽  
Xin-Zhong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Interannual Variation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Precipitation Pattern ◽  
Interannual Variations

Abstract The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5)-based regional climate model (CMM5) capability in simulating the interannual variations of U.S. precipitation and surface air temperature during 1982–2002 is evaluated with a continuous baseline integration driven by the NCEP–Department of Energy (DOE) Second Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project Reanalysis (R-2). It is demonstrated that the CMM5 has a pronounced downscaling skill for precipitation and temperature interannual variations. The EOF and correlation analyses illustrate that, for both quantities, the CMM5 captures the spatial pattern, temporal evolution, and circulation teleconnections much better than the R-2. In particular, the CMM5 more realistically simulates the precipitation pattern centered in the Northwest, where the representation of the orographic enhancement by the forced uplifting during winter (rainy season) is greatly improved over the R-2. The downscaling skill, however, is sensitive to the cumulus parameterization. This sensitivity is studied by comparing the baseline with a branch summer integration replacing the Grell with the Kain–Fritsch cumulus scheme in the CMM5. The dominant EOF mode of the U.S. summer precipitation interannual variation, identified with the out-of-phase relationship between the Midwest and Southeast in observations, is reproduced more accurately by the Grell than the Kain–Fritsch scheme, which largely underestimates the variation in the Midwest. This pattern is associated with east–west movement of the Great Plains low-level jet (LLJ): a more western position corresponds to a stronger southerly flow bringing more moisture and heavier rainfall in the Midwest and less in the Southeast. The second EOF pattern, which describes the consistent variation over the southern part of the Midwest and the South in observations, is captured better by the Kain–Fritsch scheme than the Grell, whose pattern systematically shifts southward.

scholarly journals A novel method for assessing climate change impacts in ecotron experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 1709-1727
Author(s):  
Inne Vanderkelen ◽  
Jakob Zscheischler ◽  
Lukas Gudmundsson ◽  
Klaus Keuler ◽  
Francois Rineau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Model Projection ◽  
Global Mean

Abstract Ecotron facilities allow accurate control of many environmental variables coupled with extensive monitoring of ecosystem processes. They therefore require multivariate perturbation of climate variables, close to what is observed in the field and projections for the future. Here, we present a new method for creating realistic climate forcing for manipulation experiments and apply it to the UHasselt Ecotron experiment. The new methodology uses data derived from the best available regional climate model projection and consists of generating climate forcing along a gradient representative of increasingly high global mean air temperature anomalies. We first identified the best-performing regional climate model simulation for the ecotron site from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment in the European domain (EURO-CORDEX) ensemble based on two criteria: (i) highest skill compared to observations from a nearby weather station and (ii) representativeness of the multi-model mean in future projections. The time window is subsequently selected from the model projection for each ecotron unit based on the global mean air temperature of the driving global climate model. The ecotron units are forced with 3-hourly output from the projections of the 5-year period in which the global mean air temperature crosses the predefined values. With the new approach, Ecotron facilities become able to assess ecosystem responses on changing climatic conditions, while accounting for the co-variation between climatic variables and their projection in variability, well representing possible compound events. The presented methodology can also be applied to other manipulation experiments, aiming at investigating ecosystem responses to realistic future climate change.

scholarly journals Regional climate model assessment of the urban land-surface forcing over central Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 18541-18589 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Huszar ◽  
T. Halenka ◽  
M. Belda ◽  
M. Zak ◽  
K. Sindelarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Urban Canopy ◽  
Anthropogenic Heat ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Boundary Layer Height

Abstract. For the purpose of qualifying and quantifying the climate impact of cities and urban surfaces in general on climate of central Europe, the surface parameterization in regional climate model RegCM4 has been extended with the Single Layer Urban Canopy Model (SLUCM). A set of experiments was performed over the period of 2005–2009 for central Europe, either without considering urban surfaces or with the SLUCM treatment. Results show a statistically significant impact of urbanized surfaces on temperature (up to 1.5 K increase in summer) as well as on the boundary layer height (increases up to 50 m). Urbanization further influences surface wind with a winter decrease up to −0.6 m s−1, though both increases and decreases were detected in summer depending on the location relative to the cities and daytime (changes up to 0.3 m s−1). Urban surfaces significantly reduce evaporation and thus the humidity over the surface. This impacts the simulated summer precipitation rate, showing decrease over cities up to −2 mm day−1. Significant temperature increases are simulated over higher elevations as well, not only within the urban canopy layer. With the urban parameterization, the climate model better describes the diurnal temperature variation, reducing the cold afternoon and evening bias of RegCM4. Sensitivity experiments were carried out to quantify the response of the meteorological conditions to changes in the parameters specific to the urban environment such as street width, building height, albedo of the roofs and anthropogenic heat release. The results proved to be rather robust and the choice of the key SLUCM parameters impacts them only slightly (mainly temperature, boundary layer height and wind velocity). Statistically significant impacts are modeled not only over large urbanized areas, but the influence of the cities is also evident over rural areas without major urban surfaces. It is shown that this is the result of the combined effect of the distant influence of the cities and the influence of the minor local urban surface coverage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document