Does bias correction increase reliability of flood projections under climate change? A case study of large rivers in Germany

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (14) ◽  
pp. 3780-3800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaochun Huang ◽  
Valentina Krysanova ◽  
Fred F. Hattermann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Large Rivers

scholarly journals Probability Distributions for a Quantile Mapping Technique for a Bias Correction of Precipitation Data: A Case Study to Precipitation Data Under Climate Change

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Haeng Heo ◽  
Hyunjun Ahn ◽  
Ju-Young Shin ◽  
Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen ◽  
Changsam Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Shape Parameter ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Parameter Distribution ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Quantile Mapping

The quantile mapping method is a bias correction method that leads to a good performance in terms of precipitation. Selecting an appropriate probability distribution model is essential for the successful implementation of quantile mapping. Probability distribution models with two shape parameters have proved that they are fit for precipitation modeling because of their flexibility. Hence, the application of a two-shape parameter distribution will improve the performance of the quantile mapping method in the bias correction of precipitation data. In this study, the applicability and appropriateness of two-shape parameter distribution models are examined in quantile mapping, for a bias correction of simulated precipitation data from a climate model under a climate change scenario. Additionally, the impacts of distribution selection on the frequency analysis of future extreme precipitation from climate are investigated. Generalized Lindley, Burr XII, and Kappa distributions are used, and their fits and appropriateness are compared to those of conventional distributions in a case study. Applications of two-shape parameter distributions do lead to better performances in reproducing the statistical characteristics of observed precipitation, compared to those of conventional distributions. The Kappa distribution is considered the best distribution model, as it can reproduce reliable spatial dependences of the quantile corresponding to a 100-year return period, unlike the gamma distribution.

Understanding the Outcomes of Climate Change Campaigns in the Australian Environmental Movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Robyn Gulliver ◽  
Kelly S. Fielding ◽  
Winnifred Louis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Environmental Advocacy ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Collective Response ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Advocacy Network ◽  
Australian Climate

Climate change is a global problem requiring a collective response. Grassroots advocacy has been an important element in propelling this collective response, often through the mechanism of campaigns. However, it is not clear whether the climate change campaigns organized by the environmental advocacy groups are successful in achieving their goals, nor the degree to which other benefits may accrue to groups who run them. To investigate this further, we report a case study of the Australian climate change advocacy sector. Three methods were used to gather data to inform this case study: content analysis of climate change organizations’ websites, analysis of website text relating to campaign outcomes, and interviews with climate change campaigners. Findings demonstrate that climate change advocacy is diverse and achieving substantial successes such as the development of climate change-related legislation and divestment commitments from a range of organizations. The data also highlights additional benefits of campaigning such as gaining access to political power and increasing groups’ financial and volunteer resources. The successful outcomes of campaigns were influenced by the ability of groups to sustain strong personal support networks, use skills and resources available across the wider environmental advocacy network, and form consensus around shared strategic values. Communicating the successes of climate change advocacy could help mobilize collective action to address climate change. As such, this case study of the Australian climate change movement is relevant for both academics focusing on social movements and collective action and advocacy-focused practitioners, philanthropists, and non-governmental organizations.

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