scholarly journals Arctic warming and your weather: public belief in the connection

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1723-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence C. Hamilton ◽  
Mary Lemcke-Stampone
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Warming

scholarly journals Contributors to linkage between Arctic warming and East Asian winter climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinping Xu ◽  
Shengping He ◽  
Yongqi Gao ◽  
Botao Zhou ◽  
Huijun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Winter Climate ◽  
Arctic Warming

AbstractPrevious modelling and observational studies have shown discrepancies in the interannual relationship of winter surface air temperature (SAT) between Arctic and East Asia, stimulating the debate about whether Arctic change can influence midlatitude climate. This study uses two sets of coordinated experiments (EXP1 and EXP2) from six different atmospheric general circulation models. Both EXP1 and EXP2 consist of 130 ensemble members, each of which in EXP1 (EXP2) was forced by the same observed daily varying sea ice and daily varying (daily climatological) sea surface temperature (SST) for 1982–2014 but with different atmospheric initial conditions. Large spread exists among ensemble members in simulating the Arctic–East Asian SAT relationship. Only a fraction of ensemble members can reproduce the observed deep Arctic warming–cold continent pattern which extends from surface to upper troposphere, implying the important role of atmospheric internal variability. The mechanisms of deep Arctic warming and shallow Arctic warming are further distinguished. Arctic warming aloft is caused primarily by poleward moisture transport, which in conjunction with the surface warming coupled with sea ice melting constitutes the surface-amplified deep Arctic warming throughout the troposphere. These processes associated with the deep Arctic warming may be related to the forcing of remote SST when there is favorable atmospheric circulation such as Rossby wave train propagating from the North Atlantic into the Arctic.

scholarly journals The relevance of mid-Holocene Arctic warming to the future

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1375-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Yoshimori ◽  
Marina Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Cross Model ◽  
Arctic Warming ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Arctic Climate Change

Abstract. There remain substantial uncertainties in future projections of Arctic climate change. There is a potential to constrain these uncertainties using a combination of paleoclimate simulations and proxy data, but such a constraint must be accompanied by physical understanding on the connection between past and future simulations. Here, we examine the relevance of an Arctic warming mechanism in the mid-Holocene (MH) to the future with emphasis on process understanding. We conducted a surface energy balance analysis on 10 atmosphere and ocean general circulation models under the MH and future Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 scenario forcings. It is found that many of the dominant processes that amplify Arctic warming over the ocean from late autumn to early winter are common between the two periods, despite the difference in the source of the forcing (insolation vs. greenhouse gases). The positive albedo feedback in summer results in an increase in oceanic heat release in the colder season when the atmospheric stratification is strong, and an increased greenhouse effect from clouds helps amplify the warming during the season with small insolation. The seasonal progress was elucidated by the decomposition of the factors associated with sea surface temperature, ice concentration, and ice surface temperature changes. We also quantified the contribution of individual components to the inter-model variance in the surface temperature changes. The downward clear-sky longwave radiation is one of major contributors to the model spread throughout the year. Other controlling terms for the model spread vary with the season, but they are similar between the MH and the future in each season. This result suggests that the MH Arctic change may not be analogous to the future in some seasons when the temperature response differs, but it is still useful to constrain the model spread in the future Arctic projection. The cross-model correlation suggests that the feedbacks in preceding seasons should not be overlooked when determining constraints, particularly summer sea ice cover for the constraint of autumn–winter surface temperature response.

scholarly journals Plant growth leads to Arctic warming

Nature ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 514 (7521) ◽  
pp. 143-143
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arctic Warming

Origin of the Arctic warming in climate models

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (21) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Chul E. Chung ◽  
Petri Räisänen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Warming

scholarly journals Evidence linking rapid Arctic warming to mid-latitude weather patterns

2015 ◽  
Vol 373 (2045) ◽  
pp. 20140170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Francis ◽  
Natasa Skific
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Jet Stream ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Arctic Warming ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Active Research

The effects of rapid Arctic warming and ice loss on weather patterns in the Northern Hemisphere is a topic of active research, lively scientific debate and high societal impact. The emergence of Arctic amplification—the enhanced sensitivity of high-latitude temperature to global warming—in only the last 10–20 years presents a challenge to identifying statistically robust atmospheric responses using observations. Several recent studies have proposed and demonstrated new mechanisms by which the changing Arctic may be affecting weather patterns in mid-latitudes, and these linkages differ fundamentally from tropics/jet-stream interactions through the transfer of wave energy. In this study, new metrics and evidence are presented that suggest disproportionate Arctic warming—and resulting weakening of the poleward temperature gradient—is causing the Northern Hemisphere circulation to assume a more meridional character (i.e. wavier), although not uniformly in space or by season, and that highly amplified jet-stream patterns are occurring more frequently. Further analysis based on self-organizing maps supports this finding. These changes in circulation are expected to lead to persistent weather patterns that are known to cause extreme weather events. As emissions of greenhouse gases continue unabated, therefore, the continued amplification of Arctic warming should favour an increased occurrence of extreme events caused by prolonged weather conditions.

Importance of Human-Induced Nitrogen Flux Increases for Simulated Arctic Warming

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 3799-3819
Author(s):  
Hyung-Gyu Lim ◽  
Jong-Yeon Park ◽  
John P. Dunne ◽  
Charles A. Stock ◽  
Sung-Ho Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
Biological Feedback ◽  
Arctic Warming ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
N Fluxes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentrations

AbstractHuman activities such as fossil fuel combustion, land-use change, nitrogen (N) fertilizer use, emission of livestock, and waste excretion accelerate the transformation of reactive N and its impact on the marine environment. This study elucidates that anthropogenic N fluxes (ANFs) from atmospheric and river deposition exacerbate Arctic warming and sea ice loss via physical–biological feedback. The impact of physical–biological feedback is quantified through a suite of experiments using a coupled climate–ocean–biogeochemical model (GFDL-CM2.1-TOPAZ) by prescribing the preindustrial and contemporary amounts of riverine and atmospheric N fluxes into the Arctic Ocean. The experiment forced by ANFs represents the increase in ocean N inventory and chlorophyll concentrations in present and projected future Arctic Ocean relative to the experiment forced by preindustrial N flux inputs. The enhanced chlorophyll concentrations by ANFs reinforce shortwave attenuation in the upper ocean, generating additional warming in the Arctic Ocean. The strongest responses are simulated in the Eurasian shelf seas (Kara, Barents, and Laptev Seas; 65°–90°N, 20°–160°E) due to increased N fluxes, where the annual mean surface temperature increase by 12% and the annual mean sea ice concentration decrease by 17% relative to the future projection, forced by preindustrial N inputs.

scholarly journals Addendum: Substantial twentieth-century Arctic warming caused by ozone-depleting substances

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-167
Author(s):  
L. M. Polvani ◽  
M. Previdi ◽  
M. R. England ◽  
G. Chiodo ◽  
K. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Arctic Warming ◽  
Ozone Depleting Substances

scholarly journals Impacts of Changes in Sea Ice and Heat Flux on Arctic Warming

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 84-99
Author(s):  
Yong Cao ◽  
Lingen Bian ◽  
Jinping Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Warming
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