Effects of light/dark- and dark-rearing on synaptic morphology in the superior colliculus and visual cortex of the postnatal and adult rat

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Bakkum ◽  
L. A. Benevento ◽  
R. S. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Dark Rearing

Stability of synaptic plasticity in the adult rat visual cortex induced by complex environment exposure

2004 ◽  
Vol 1018 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresita L Briones ◽  
Anna Y Klintsova ◽  
William T Greenough
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Complex Environment ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Environment Exposure

Effect of longer periods of dark rearing on NMDA receptors in cat visual cortex

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1220-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Czepita ◽  
S. N. Reid ◽  
N. W. Daw
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Firing Rate ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Visual Responses ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Excitatory Drive ◽  
Dark Rearing

1. Cats were reared in the dark to 3, 5, and 11 mo. We studied the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor contribution to the visual response in the cortex, defined as the percentage reduction in visual response after application of 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV). We also studied the firing rate in response to the optimal visual stimulus and the spontaneous activity. We made comparisons of all these properties between light-reared and dark-reared animals. 2. The NMDA receptor contribution to the visual response in layers IV, V, and VI of dark-reared animals was substantially above that in light-reared animals at all ages tested. 3. The specificity of receptive field properties in dark-reared animals showed some degeneration between 6 wk and 3 mo of age. At > or = 3 mo, almost no cells were specific for orientation and direction of movement. 4. Firing rate was lower in dark-reared animals at all ages, suggesting a decrease in excitatory drive to the visual cortex. 5. Spontaneous activity was equal in dark- and light-reared animals, suggesting that the overall level of activity (including visual responses as well as spontaneous activity) in light-reared animals is higher than in dark-reared animals. This should tend to upregulate glutamate receptors in general in dark-reared animals.

Glutamate-like immunoreactivity in the cat superior colliculus and visual cortex: Further evidence that glutamate is the neurotransmitter of the corticocollicular pathway

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Jin Jeon ◽  
Michael K. Hartman ◽  
R. Ranney Mize
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Retrograde Tracing ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Dense Band ◽  
Cat Superior Colliculus ◽  
Made In ◽  
In Cells

AbstractBiochemical studies provide evidence that the pathway from visual cortex to the superior colliculus (SC) utilizes glutamate as a neurotransmitter. In the present study, we have used immunocytochemistry, visual cortex lesions, and retrograde tracing to show directly by anatomical methods that glutamate or a closely related analog is contained in corticocollicular neurons and terminals. A monoclonal antibody directed against gamma-L-glutamyl-L-glutamate (gamma glu glu) was used to localize glutamate-like immunoreactivity in both the superior colliculus (SC) and visual cortex (VC). Unilateral lesions of areas 17–18 were made in four cats to determine if gamma glu glu labeling was reduced in SC by this lesion. WGA-HRP was injected into the SC of 10 additional cats in order to determine if corticocollicular neurons were also labeled by the gamma glu glu antibody. A distinctive dense band of gamma glu glu immunoreactivity was found within the deep superficial gray and upper optic layers of SC where many corticotectal axons are known to terminate. Both fibers and cells were labeled within the band. Immunoreactivity was also found in cells and fibers throughout the deep layers of SC. Measures of total immunoreactivity (i.e. optical density) in the dense band were made in sections from the SC both ipsilateral to and contralateral to the lesions of areas 17–18. A consistent reduction in optical density was found in both the neuropil and in cells within the dense band of the SC ipsilateral to the lesion. A large percentage of all corticocollicular neurons that were retrogradely labeled by WGA-HRP also contained gamma glu glu. These results provide further evidence that the corticocollicular pathway in mammals is glutamatergic. The results also suggest that visual cortex ablation alters synthesis or storage of glutamate within postsynaptic SC neurons, presumably as a result of partial deafferentation.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Semaphorin3A Promotes Ocular Dominance Plasticity in the Adult Rat Visual Cortex

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 5987-5997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Maria Boggio ◽  
Erich M. Ehlert ◽  
Leonardo Lupori ◽  
Elizabeth B. Moloney ◽  
Fred De Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Ocular Dominance Plasticity ◽  
Adult Rat

Prolonged dark rearing and development of interocular orientation disparity in visual cortex

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Shinkman ◽  
M. R. Isley ◽  
D. C. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Orientation Disparity ◽  
Dark Rearing
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document