scholarly journals Simvastatin attenuation of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats via increased phosphorylation of Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (16) ◽  
pp. 3635-3643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Sugawara ◽  
Robert Ayer ◽  
Vikram Jadhav ◽  
Wanqiu Chen ◽  
Tamiji Tsubokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

scholarly journals Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Predicts Cerebral Vasospasm after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1204-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M Starke ◽  
Grace H Kim ◽  
Ricardo J Komotar ◽  
Zachary L Hickman ◽  
Eric M Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Enos Gene ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Vasospasm is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Studies have shown a link between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and the incidence of coronary spasm and aneurysms. Alterations in the eNOS T-786 SNP may lead to an increased risk of post-aSAH cerebral vasospasm. In this prospective clinical study, 77 aSAH patients provided genetic material and were followed for the occurrence of vasospasm. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, genotype was the only factor predictive of vasospasm. The odds ratio (OR) for symptomatic vasospasm in patients with one T allele was 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1 to 10.0, P=0.034) and 10.9 for TT. Patients with angiographic spasm were 3.6 times more likely to have a T allele (95% CI: 1.3 to 9.6, P=0.013; for TT: OR 12.6). Patients with severe vasospasm requiring endovascular therapy were more likely to have a T allele (OR 3.5, 95% CI: 1.3 to 9.5, P=0.016; for TT: OR 12.0). Patients with the T allele of the eNOS gene are more likely to have severe vasospasm. Presence of this genotype may allow the identification of individuals at high risk for post-aSAH vasospasm and lead to early treatment and improved outcome.

scholarly journals Progesterone Attenuates Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Vasospasm by Upregulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase via Akt Signaling Pathway

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Mao Chang ◽  
Yu-Feng Su ◽  
Chih-Zen Chang ◽  
Chia-Li Chung ◽  
Yee-Jean Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Cerebral vasospasm is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, the mechanism and adequate treatment of vasospasm are still elusive. In the present study, we evaluate the effect and possible mechanism of progesterone on SAH-induced vasospasm in a two-hemorrhage rodent model of SAH. Progesterone (8 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected in ovariectomized female Sprague-Dawley rats one hour after SAH induction. The degree of vasospasm was determined by averaging the cross-sectional areas of basilar artery 7 days after first SAH. Expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and phosphorylated Akt (phospho-Akt) in basilar arteries were evaluated. Prior to perfusion fixation, there were no significant differences among the control and treated groups in physiological parameters recorded. Progesterone treatment significantly(P<0.01)attenuated SAH-induced vasospasm. The SAH-induced suppression of eNOS protein and phospho-Akt were relieved by progesterone treatment. This result further confirmed that progesterone is effective in preventing SAH-induced vasospasm. The beneficial effect of progesterone might be in part related to upregulation of expression of eNOS via Akt signaling pathway after SAH. Progesterone holds therapeutic promise in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm following SAH.

scholarly journals Simvastatin Increases Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Ameliorates Cerebral Vasospasm Resulting From Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2950-2956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. McGirt ◽  
John R. Lynch ◽  
Augusto Parra ◽  
Huaxin Sheng ◽  
Robert D. Pearlstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

scholarly journals Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Mediates Endogenous Protection Against Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm

Stroke ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 776-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananth K. Vellimana ◽  
Eric Milner ◽  
Tej D. Azad ◽  
Michael D. Harries ◽  
Meng-Liang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endogenous Protection ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide
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