γ-Hydroxybutyrate binds to the synaptic site recognizing succinate monocarboxylate: A new hypothesis on astrocyte–neuron interaction via the protonation of succinate

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 1566-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tünde Molnár ◽  
Péter Barabás ◽  
László Héja ◽  
Erzsébet Kútiné Fekete ◽  
Bálint Lasztóczi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Site ◽  
Neuron Interaction ◽  
New Hypothesis

A New Hypothesis About Schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Moises ◽  
T. Zoega ◽  
I. I. Gottesman
Keyword(s):  
New Hypothesis

On the origin of khutū

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. LAVERS ◽  
M. KNAPP
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Medieval Literature ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
New Hypothesis

Khutū was a material derived from an animal used by Medieval Asian peoples in the manufacture of knife handles and as an alexipharmic. Al-Bīrūnī (973–1048) made extensive enquiries into the origin of khutū but reached no definite conclusion. Literary scholars in the first half of the twentieth century identified the walrus and narwhal as probable sources, but in ignoring aspects of the literature on khutū’s appearance and provenance left a number of questions unanswered. We clarify and extend this research and identify further clues to the identity of khutū. We concur that walrus ivory was one source of khutū, suggest that the remains of “Ice Age” mammals may have influenced development of the medieval literature on khutū more than previous investigators realized, and offer a new hypothesis of khutū’s origin.

Astrocyte-Neuron Interaction at Tripartite Synapses

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1220-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Pérez-Alvarez ◽  
Alfonso Araque
Keyword(s):  
Neuron Interaction

A New Hypothesis of Pathogenesis Based on the Divorce between Mitochondria and their Host Cells: Possible Relevances for the Alzheimer's Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 999 (999) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F. Agnati ◽  
D. Guidolin ◽  
F. Baluska ◽  
G. Leo ◽  
P.W. Barlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
New Hypothesis

The formation of Congo River and the origin of bonobos: A new hypothesis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Takemoto ◽  
Yoshi Kawamoto ◽  
Takeshi Furuichi
Keyword(s):  
Nous Avons ◽  
Pan Paniscus ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Congo River ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
History Of ◽  
Area North ◽  
New Hypothesis

The Congo River functions as a strong geographical barrier for many terrestrial mammals in the Congo Basin, separating forest habitat into right and left banks of the river. However, there has been little discussion on the biogeography of the Congo Basin because the history of the river has been obscured. Based on the recent information of the sea-floor sediments near the mouth of the river and the geophysical survey on the continent, this chapter proposes a plausible hypothesis on the Congo River formation and presents a consequent hypothesis on the divergence of bonobos (Pan paniscus) from other Pan populations. The present hypothesis is also helpful for understanding the distribution of other primates and other mammals in the basin. Furthermore, this hypothesis suggests that all hominid clades, including human, chimpanzee and gorilla, except bonobo, evolved in the area north or east of the Congo River. La rivière du Congo a la fonction d’une barrière géographique forte pour plusieurs mammifères dans le bassin du Congo, séparant l’habitat forêt dans les banques gauches et droites de la rivière. Cependant, il y a eu peu de discussions sur la biogégraphie du bassin du Congo, parce que l’histoire de la rivière a été voilée. Récemment, quelque données importantes qui peuvent avoir des liens avec la formation de la rivière du Congo ont été acquise, surtout par la recherche des sédiments du fond marin près de la bouche de la rivière et par l’enquête géographique du continent. À partir de cette nouvelle information, nous avons proposé une hypothèse plausible sur la formation de la rivière du Congo. Nous avons aussi présenté une hypothèse conséquente sur la divergence des bonobos (Pan paniscus) des autres populations Pan (voire Takemoto et al., 2015 pour la publication originale de cette étude). L’hypothèse présente nous aide aussi à comprendre la distribution des autre primates et des autres mammifères dans le bassin. De plus, cette hypothèse suggère que tous les hominidés clades, humains inclus, chimpanzés et gorilla à l’exception du bonobo, ont évolué dans la régions du nord ou de l’est de la rivière du Congo.

6600–6000 cal BC Abrupt Climate Change and Neolithic Dispersal from West Asia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Weninger ◽  
Lee Clare
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Abrupt Climate Change ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Anatolian Plateau ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
Early Farming ◽  
New Hypothesis

Recent advances in palaeoclimatological and meteorological research, combined with new radiocarbon data from western Anatolia and southeast Europe, lead us to formulate a new hypothesis for the temporal and spatial dispersal of Neolithic lifeways from their core areas of genesis. The new hypothesis, which we term the Abrupt Climate Change (ACC) Neolithization Model, incorporates a number of insights from modern vulnerability theory. We focus here on the Late Neolithic (Anatolian terminology), which is followed in the Balkans by the Early Neolithic (European terminology). From high-resolution 14C-case studies, we infer an initial (very rapid) west-directed movement of early farming communities out of the Central Anatolian Plateau towards the Turkish Aegean littoral. This move is exactly in phase (decadal scale) with the onset of ACC conditions (~6600 cal BC). Upon reaching the Aegean coastline, Neolithic dispersal comes to a halt. It is not until some 500 years later—that is, at the close of cumulative ACC and 8.2 ka cal BP Hudson Bay cold conditions—that there occurs a second abrupt movement of farming communities into Southeast Europe, as far as the Pannonian Basin. The spread of early farming from Anatolia into eastern Central Europe is best explained as Neolithic communities’ mitigation of biophysical and social vulnerability to natural (climate-induced) hazards.

New insights into the structural basis of integrin activation

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Ping Xiong ◽  
Thilo Stehle ◽  
Simon L. Goodman ◽  
M. Amin Arnaout
Keyword(s):  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Integrin Activation ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intracellular Signals ◽  
Bidirectional Signaling ◽  
New Hypothesis

Abstract Integrins are cell adhesion receptors that communicate biochemical and mechanical signals in a bidirectional manner across the plasma membrane and thus influence most cellular functions. Intracellular signals switch integrins into a ligand-competent state as a result of elicited conformational changes in the integrin ectodomain. Binding of extracellular ligands induces, in turn, structural changes that convey distinct signals to the cell interior. The structural basis of this bidirectional signaling has been the focus of intensive study for the past 3 decades. In this perspective, we develop a new hypothesis for integrin activation based on recent crystallographic, electron microscopic, and biochemical studies.

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