Messenger RNA and protein expression analysis of voltage-gated potassium channels in the brain of A?25-35-treated rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Pan ◽  
Xianghua Xu ◽  
Xiaoyong Tong ◽  
Xiaoliang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Efficient isolation of brain capillary from a single frozen mouse brain for protein expression analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2094144
Author(s):  
Seiryo Ogata ◽  
Shingo Ito ◽  
Takeshi Masuda ◽  
Sumio Ohtsuki
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Brain Capillaries ◽  
Purification Step ◽  
Brain Capillary ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
The Brain

Isolated brain capillaries are essential for analyzing the changes of protein expressions at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) under pathological conditions. The standard brain capillary isolation methods require the use of at least five mouse brains in order to obtain a sufficient amount and purity of brain capillaries. The purpose of this study was to establish a brain capillary isolation method from a single mouse brain for protein expression analysis. We successfully isolated brain capillaries from a single frozen mouse brain by using a bead homogenizer in the brain homogenization step and combination of cell strainers and glass beads in the purification step. Western blot and proteomic analysis showed that proteins expressed at the BBB in mouse brain capillaries isolated by the developed method were more enriched than those isolated from a pool of five mouse brains by the standard method. By using the developed method, we further verified the changes in expression of BBB proteins in Glut1-deficient mouse. The developed method is useful for the analysis of various mice models with low numbers and enables us to understand, in more detail, the physiology and pathology of BBB.

scholarly journals SUMO modification of cell surface Kv2.1 potassium channels regulates the activity of rat hippocampal neurons

2011 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh D. Plant ◽  
Evan J. Dowdell ◽  
Irina S. Dementieva ◽  
Jeremy D. Marks ◽  
Steve A.N. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Sumo Modification ◽  
Maximal Activation ◽  
Sumo Pathway ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
The Brain

Voltage-gated Kv2.1 potassium channels are important in the brain for determining activity-dependent excitability. Small ubiquitin-like modifier proteins (SUMOs) regulate function through reversible, enzyme-mediated conjugation to target lysine(s). Here, sumoylation of Kv2.1 in hippocampal neurons is shown to regulate firing by shifting the half-maximal activation voltage (V1/2) of channels up to 35 mV. Native SUMO and Kv2.1 are shown to interact within and outside channel clusters at the neuronal surface. Studies of single, heterologously expressed Kv2.1 channels show that only K470 is sumoylated. The channels have four subunits, but no more than two non-adjacent subunits carry SUMO concurrently. SUMO on one site shifts V1/2 by 15 mV, whereas sumoylation of two sites produces a full response. Thus, the SUMO pathway regulates neuronal excitability via Kv2.1 in a direct and graded manner.

scholarly journals Presynaptic Paraneoplastic Disorders of the Neuromuscular Junction: An Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Maria Pia Giannoccaro ◽  
Patrizia Avoni ◽  
Rocco Liguori
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Calcium Channels ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Neuromuscular Transmission ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Voltage Gated Calcium Channels ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Myasthenic Syndrome

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the target of a variety of immune-mediated disorders, usually classified as presynaptic and postsynaptic, according to the site of the antigenic target and consequently of the neuromuscular transmission alteration. Although less common than the classical autoimmune postsynaptic myasthenia gravis, presynaptic disorders are important to recognize due to the frequent association with cancer. Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome is due to a presynaptic failure to release acetylcholine, caused by antibodies to the presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channels. Acquired neuromyotonia is a condition characterized by nerve hyperexcitability often due to the presence of antibodies against proteins associated with voltage-gated potassium channels. This review will focus on the recent developments in the autoimmune presynaptic disorders of the NMJ.

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