scholarly journals Incomplete IgG avidity maturation after seasonal coronavirus infections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedhelm Struck ◽  
Patrick Schreiner ◽  
Eva Staschik ◽  
Karin Wochinz‐Richter ◽  
Sarah Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Avidity Maturation ◽  
Coronavirus Infections

scholarly journals Development and Use of an Endpoint Titration Assay To Characterize Mumps IgG Avidity following Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination and Wild-Type Mumps Infection

mSphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mercader ◽  
Marcia McGrew ◽  
Sun B. Sowers ◽  
Nobia J. Williams ◽  
William J. Bellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mumps Virus ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Avidity Assay ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Avidity Maturation

ABSTRACTWaning mumps IgG antibody and incomplete IgG avidity maturation may increase susceptibility to mumps virus infection in some vaccinees. To measure mumps IgG avidity, serum specimens serially diluted to the endpoint were incubated on a commercial mumps-specific IgG enzyme immunoassay and treated with the protein denaturant diethylamine (60 mM, pH 10). End titer avidity indices (etAIs [percent ratio of detected diethylamine-resistant IgG at endpoint]) were calculated. Unpaired serum specimens (n= 108) from 15-month-old children living in a low-incidence setting were collected 1 month and 2 years after the first measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine dose (MMR1) and tested for mumps avidity. Per the receiver operating characteristic curve, the avidity assay is accurate (area under the curve, 0.994; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.956 to 1.000), 96.5% sensitive (95% CI, 87.9 to 99.6%), and 92.2% specific (95% CI, 81.1 to 97.8%) at an etAI of 30%. When 9 sets of paired serum specimens collected 1 to 60 months post-MMR1 were tested for mumps and measles IgG avidity using comparable methods, the mumps etAI increased from 11% to 40 to 60% in 6 months. From 6 to 60 months, avidity was sustained at a mean etAI of 50% (95% CI, 46 to 54%), significantly lower (P  < 0.0001) than the mean measles etAI of 80% (95% CI, 74 to 86%). Mean etAIs in children 2 years post-MMR1 (n= 51), unvaccinated adults with distant mumps disease (n= 29), and confirmed mumps cases (n= 23) were 54, 62, and 57%, respectively. A mumps-specific endpoint avidity assay was developed and validated, and mumps avidity was determined to be generally sustained at etAIs of 40 to 60%, reaching etAIs of >80% in some individuals.IMPORTANCENumerous outbreaks of mumps have occurred in the United States among two-dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR)-vaccinated populations since 2006. The avidity of mumps-specific IgG antibodies may affect susceptibility to mumps virus infection in some vaccinated individuals. To accurately measure mumps avidity, we developed and validated a mumps-specific IgG avidity assay that determines avidity at the endpoint titer of serially diluted serum specimens, providing results that are independent of IgG concentration. At low antibody titers, endpoint methods are considered more accurate than methods that determine avidity at a single dilution. We determined that 6 months after the first MMR dose, mumps IgG avidity is high and generally sustained at avidity indices of 40 to 60%, reaching values of >80% in some individuals. Additionally, 4% (4/103) of individuals had avidity indices of ≤30% (low avidity) 2 years after vaccination. Inadequate mumps avidity maturation may be one factor influencing susceptibility to mumps virus infection among previously vaccinated or naturally infected individuals.

scholarly journals Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Maturation and Association with Disease Severity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqi Ruben Luo ◽  
Indrani Chakraborty ◽  
Cassandra Yun ◽  
Alan H.B. Wu ◽  
Kara Lake Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Antibody Avidity ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Avidity Assay ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Avidity Maturation

The kinetics of IgG avidity maturation during SARS-CoV-2 infection was studied. The IgG avidity assay used a novel label-free immunoassay technology. It was found that there was a strong correlation between IgG avidity and days since symptom onset, and peak readings were significantly higher in severe than mild disease cases.

scholarly journals Serology using rROP2 antigen in the diagnostic of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam de Souza Macre ◽  
Márcio Pires ◽  
Luciana Regina Meireles ◽  
Sérgio O. Angel ◽  
Heitor Franco de Andrade Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Avidity Maturation ◽  
Toxoplasmosis During Pregnancy ◽  
Good Agreement

Toxoplasma gondii causes severe fetal disease during acute infection in pregnant women, thus demanding early diagnosis for effective treatment and fetus preservation. Fetal tests are inefficient and risky, and diagnosis is based on maternal IgM serology, which had weak screening ability due to increased sensitivity, with alternative IgG avidity tests. Here, we performed ELISA and avidity assays using a recombinant T. gondii antigen, rROP2, in samples from 160 pregnant women screened from a large public hospital who were referred due to positive IgM assays. IgG serology and avidity assays were compared using whole T. gondii extract or rROP2. ELISA IgG detection with rROP2 showed good agreement with assays performed with T. gondii extract, but rROP2 IgG avidity assays were unrelated to whole extract antigen IgG avidity, regardless of the chaotrope used. These data show that avidity maturation is specific to individual antigen prevalence and immune response during infection. ELISA rROP2 IgG assays may be an alternative serological test for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy, although our data do not support their use in avidity assays.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Antibody Avidity Maturation and Association with Disease Severity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqi Ruben Luo ◽  
Indrani Chakraborty ◽  
Cassandra Yun ◽  
Alan H B Wu ◽  
Kara L Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Antibody Avidity ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Avidity Maturation

Abstract The kinetics of IgG avidity maturation during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was studied. The IgG avidity assay, using a novel label-free immunoassay technology, revealed a strong correlation between IgG avidity and days since symptom onset. Peak readings were significantly higher in severe than mild disease cases.

Specific prevention of rota-, coronavirus infections and colienteritis of young cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
I.N. Simanova ◽  
◽  
V.N. Makarova ◽  
O.B. Badeeva ◽  
M.V. Korukina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Cattle ◽  
Coronavirus Infections

The use of the vaccine against rota-, coronavirus infections and echerishiosis newborn calves in conjunction with the immunomodulator Splenivit

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
L.A. Mnikova ◽  
◽  
N.A. Sokolova ◽  
A.V. Gorbatov ◽  
M.N. Loschinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Coronavirus Infections
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