scholarly journals COVID‐19 Sniffer Dog experimental training: which protocol and which implications for reliable identification?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Angeletti ◽  
Francesco Travaglino ◽  
Silvia Spoto ◽  
Maria Chiara Pascarella ◽  
Giorgia Mansi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Identification ◽  
Experimental Training

PRINCIPLES OF SYSTEMATIZATION IN LINGUISTICS// Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects Journal 2(10), 2019/ OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Mark Freeman - Barcelona, Spain. 16.02.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - pp. 84-89.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aigerim Toleutayevna Murzatayeva ◽  
Zhanna Borisovna Erzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Chief Editor ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Language Typology ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Experimental Training

He article deals with the scheme (network) of relations between the elements of the object is the structure of the object, and the place of the element in this structure is the importance of the element. In conclusion, it was noted that the following concept of the system approach was formed because of the application of ideas and methods developed to solve engineering and physical problems, to solve linguistic problems related mainly to the problems of language typology. Besides, the experimental training on the approbation of the developed methodology was described, the results of the study were presented, general conclusions were formulated, and prospects for further study of the problem were outlined.

Dealing with Normatively Inappropriate Dissent

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada de Melo-Martín ◽  
Kristen Intemann
Keyword(s):  
Social Impacts ◽  
Reliable Identification ◽  
Public Beliefs ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Epistemic Obligations

This chapter considers whether the reliable identification of normatively inappropriate dissent (NID) would be helpful in addressing many of the adverse epistemic and social impacts that can result from it. It considers a variety of ways in which such identification could be used to minimize the epistemic and social damages that NID can inflict, including prohibiting the dissent in question, targeting it for special scrutiny, placing limits on scientists’ epistemic obligations, guiding public beliefs, emphasizing the existence of a consensus, and discrediting dissenters. It shows that although some of these strategies could be useful, others are unhelpful in limiting the negative impacts of NID, and may even exacerbate them or generate other equally serious problems.

Recognising regional varieties of Danish

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Tøndering ◽  
Nicolai Pharao
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Stress Group ◽  
Reliable Identification ◽  
Prosodic Cues ◽  
Regional Background ◽  
Group Pattern

AbstractRegional varieties of Danish are distinguished mainly by prosodic cues, in particular the tonal stress group pattern. We test the hypothesis that prosody is a strong cue for identifying the regional background of speakers. This hypothesis was studied using an online survey in which listeners were asked to identify the origin of speakers based on examples from four different regional varieties of Danish. Listeners identified speaker origin on the basis of both natural, monotonised and delexicalised speech samples. The results show that although most listeners are able to identify the four regional varieties correctly, it is more reasonable to say that Danes categorise the regional varieties into broader categories of Western and Eastern Danish. Prosody clearly plays an important role in the identification of the varieties, but reliable identification is difficult based on prosody alone.

scholarly journals Identifying individuals with high risk of Alzheimer’s disease using polygenic risk scores

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganna Leonenko ◽  
Emily Baker ◽  
Joshua Stevenson-Hoare ◽  
Annerieke Sierksma ◽  
Mark Fiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Reliable Identification

AbstractPolygenic Risk Scores (PRS) for AD offer unique possibilities for reliable identification of individuals at high and low risk of AD. However, there is little agreement in the field as to what approach should be used for genetic risk score calculations, how to model the effect of APOE, what the optimal p-value threshold (pT) for SNP selection is and how to compare scores between studies and methods. We show that the best prediction accuracy is achieved with a model with two predictors (APOE and PRS excluding APOE region) with pT<0.1 for SNP selection. Prediction accuracy in a sample across different PRS approaches is similar, but individuals’ scores and their associated ranking differ. We show that standardising PRS against the population mean, as opposed to the sample mean, makes the individuals’ scores comparable between studies. Our work highlights the best strategies for polygenic profiling when assessing individuals for AD risk.

scholarly journals Distribution of the leptospiral immunoglobulin-like (lig) genes in pathogenic Leptospira species and application of ligB to typing leptospiral isolates

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo M. Cerqueira ◽  
Alan J. A. McBride ◽  
Mathieu Picardeau ◽  
Samuel G. Ribeiro ◽  
Ângela N. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Pathogenic Leptospira ◽  
Reliable Identification ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
The Family ◽  
Leptospira Species

The family of leptospiral immunoglobulin-like (lig) genes comprises ligA, ligB and ligC. This study used PCR to demonstrate the presence of lig genes among serovars from a collection of leptospiral strains and clinical isolates. Whilst ligA and ligC appeared to be present in a limited number of pathogenic serovars, the ligB gene was distributed ubiquitously among all pathogenic strains. None of the lig genes were detected among intermediate or saprophytic Leptospira species. It was also shown that, similar to the previously characterized secY gene, a short specific PCR fragment of ligB could be used to correctly identify pathogenic Leptospira species. These findings demonstrate that ligB is widely present among pathogenic strains and may be useful for their reliable identification and classification.

scholarly journals Identification of lactobacilli by pheS and rpoA gene sequence analyses

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2777-2789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabri M. Naser ◽  
Peter Dawyndt ◽  
Bart Hoste ◽  
Dirk Gevers ◽  
Katrien Vandemeulebroecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Alpha Subunit ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Intraspecies Variation ◽  
Reliable Identification ◽  
Genomic Markers ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Rpoa Gene

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase alpha subunit (pheS) and the RNA polymerase alpha subunit (rpoA) partial gene sequences for species identification of members of the genus Lactobacillus. Two hundred and one strains representing the 98 species and 17 subspecies were examined. The pheS gene sequence analysis provided an interspecies gap, which in most cases exceeded 10 % divergence, and an intraspecies variation of up to 3 %. The rpoA gene sequences revealed a somewhat lower resolution, with an interspecies gap normally exceeding 5 % and an intraspecies variation of up to 2 %. The combined use of pheS and rpoA gene sequences offers a reliable identification system for nearly all species of the genus Lactobacillus. The pheS and rpoA gene sequences provide a powerful tool for the detection of potential novel Lactobacillus species and synonymous taxa. In conclusion, the pheS and rpoA gene sequences can be used as alternative genomic markers to 16S rRNA gene sequences and have a higher discriminatory power for reliable identification of species of the genus Lactobacillus.

Assessment of the correctness of identification and determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in microbiological laboratories in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Ewa Młodzińska ◽  
Waleria Hryniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
External Quality ◽  
External Quality Assessment Scheme ◽  
Reliable Identification

The increase in bacterial resistance to antimicrobials is one of the most serious medical problems, therefore reliable identification in microbiological laboratories is important. The Polish National External Quality Assessment Scheme in Microbiological Diagnostics – POLMICRO programme is organized by the Centre of Quality Control in Microbiology (CQCM) enables the assessment of the competence of Polish microbiological laboratories in the field of identification, determination of susceptibility and detection of drug resistance mechanisms. This work presents the assessment of the results of identification and determination of S. pneumoniae antimicrobial susceptibility obtained by Polish laboratories during the 20 years of experience of the POLMICRO programme.

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