scholarly journals Respiratory failure alone does not suggest central nervous system invasion by SARS‐CoV‐2

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 705-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance Turtle
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Central Nervous System Invasion

scholarly journals Persistent cognitive impairment associated with cerebrospinal fluid anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies six months after mild COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Borsche ◽  
Dirk Reichel ◽  
Anja Fellbrich ◽  
Anne S. Lixenfeld ◽  
Johann Rahmöller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Central Nervous System Invasion

AbstractNeurological long-term sequelae are increasingly considered an important challenge in the recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, most evidence for neurological symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection and central nervous system invasion of the virus stems from individuals severely affected in the acute phase of the disease. Here, we report long-lasting cognitive impairment along with persistent cerebrospinal fluid anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a female patient with unremarkable standard examination 6 months after mild COVID-19, supporting the implementation of neuropsychological testing and specific cerebrospinal fluid investigation also in patients with a relatively mild acute disease phase.

Cystic Fibrosis, Bronchiectasis, and Pleural Effusion

2016 ◽  
pp. 729-732
Author(s):  
Vivek N. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Neuromuscular Transmission ◽  
System Control ◽  
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Alveolar Capillary

Effective functioning of the respiratory system requires 1) normal central nervous system control, 2) intact neuromuscular transmission and bellows function, 3) patent airways, and 4) normal gas exchange at the alveolar-capillary level. Respiratory failure may be caused by dysfunction at any of these levels, resulting in failure of oxygenation (hypoxemic respiratory failure) or ventilation (hypercapnic respiratory failure).

Autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor concentrations in cerebrospinal fluids are useful for the diagnosis of central nervous system invasion caused by haematological malignancies

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Shimura ◽  
Makoto Kurano ◽  
Yoshifumi Morita ◽  
Naoyuki Yoshikawa ◽  
Masako Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Haematological Malignancies ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Receptor Concentration ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Central Nervous System Invasion ◽  
Strong Ability

Background Invasion of the central nervous system by haematological malignancies is diagnosed by cytological analyses of cerebrospinal fluid or diagnostic imaging, while quantitative biomarkers for central nervous system invasion are not available and needed to be developed. Methods In this study, we measured the concentrations of autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor in cerebrospinal fluid and evaluated their usefulness as biomarkers for central nervous system invasion. Results We observed that both the autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were higher in subjects with central nervous system invasion than in those without, and the cerebrospinal fluid concentrations were independent from the serum concentrations of these biomarkers. ROC analyses revealed that the soluble IL-2 receptor concentration in cerebrospinal fluid was a strong discriminator of central nervous system invasion in subjects with haematological malignancies, while the autotaxin concentration in cerebrospinal fluid also had a strong ability to discriminate central nervous system invasion when the subjects were limited to those with lymphoma. The combined measurement of autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor in cerebrospinal fluid improved the sensitivity without notably reducing the specificity for central nervous system invasion in subjects with lymphoma when central nervous system invasion was diagnosed in cases where either value was beyond the respective cut-off value. Conclusion These results suggest the possible usefulness of soluble IL-2 receptor and autotaxin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of central nervous system invasion.

Indications for, Contraindications to, and Interruption of Craniofacial Procedures

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 927-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio R. Cernea ◽  
Gilberto V. Teixeira ◽  
Eduardo A. S. Vellutini ◽  
Luiz R. Medina dos Santos ◽  
Mário G. Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Purulent Discharge ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Lateral Skull Base ◽  
Central Nervous System Invasion ◽  
Orbital Invasion

In spite of increasing experience with skull base surgery, some of the guidelines for indications for operations may vary according to the institution. One-hundred two patients underwent craniofacial oncologic resections at our institution from 1982 to 1995. A retrospective analysis of the indications for and contraindications to these procedures was undertaken. The main indications for malignant tumors were skin lesions with direct invasion of the anterior or lateral skull base (69%) and nasal-paranasal sinus tumors (21%). The main indications for benign tumors were glomus lesions (26%), menigiomas (22%), and fibro-osseous lesions of the anterior skull base (19%). The main contraindications were extensive invasion of the central nervous system, invasion of the cavernous sinus and/or internal carotid artery by aggressive malignancies, and bilateral orbital invasion in a nonblind patient. Also, 6 patients had their procedures interrupted during craniotomy for several reasons — extensive central nervous system invasion (2 cases), bilateral orbital invasion (1), lack of brain retraction (1), lack of histologic diagnosis during the operation (1), and purulent discharge at the frontal sinus (1). Craniofacial oncologic operations are extensive surgical procedures that have to be properly indicated in order to obtain low levels of morbidity and mortality. The selection of cases is of paramount importance. In some instances, it seems advisable even to interrupt these operations in the first phase.

Insights into the biomarkers of viral encephalitis from clinical patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushafa Thekra ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Zhaojun Zeng ◽  
Jiameng Sun ◽  
Haixia Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Csf Biomarkers ◽  
Variable Level ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Cognitive Problems

Abstract Background Biomarkers can be helpful in identifying patients who may profit by explicit treatments or evaluating the reaction to the treatment of specific disease. Finding unique biomarkers in the process of disease could help clinicians in identifying serious disease in the early stage, so as to improve prognosis. Objective These investigations, nonetheless, have made constrained progress. Numerous infections are known to cause intense viral encephalitis (VE) in people which can cause a variable level of meningeal just as parenchymal aggravation. Initial clinical manifestations in most encephalitis are nonspecific, resembling a viral-like illness. However, with disease progression, symptoms can become quite severe and fatal, including prominent cranial hypertension, cognitive problems, cerebral hernia, and respiratory failure. Forwards The clinical and research center discoveries in huge numbers of those viral issues are to a great extent comparable and in this way increasingly explicit biomarkers for indicative and prognostic intentions are justified. These biomarkers are progressively significant in the acknowledgment and treatment of the viral central nervous system (CNS) issue. Conclusion Clinical manifestations have been the indicative approaches for analysis of viral encephalitis. Lots of studies have been endeavored to distinguish progressively objective laboratory-based quantitative CSF biomarkers for VE.

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