Hepatitis B e antigen predicts delayed reduction of HBV DNA without viral breakthrough with adefovir dipivoxil and lamivudine: A 5-year study of patients with hepatitis B with lamivudine resistance

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 1562-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusao Ikeda ◽  
Nobuyuki Baba ◽  
Koichi Takaguchi ◽  
Junichi Kubota ◽  
Kenji Miyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hepatitis B E Antigen ◽  
Lamivudine Resistance ◽  
Viral Breakthrough

Hepatitis B virus activity in untreated hepatitis B e antigen–negative human immunodeficiency virus–hepatitis B virus co-infected patients from sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 437-445
Author(s):  
Anders Boyd ◽  
Menan Gerard Kouamé ◽  
Laura Houghtaling ◽  
Raoul Moh ◽  
Delphine Gabillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hepatitis B E Antigen ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected patients from sub-Saharan Africa with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative status, data are limited on the evolution of HBV activity when antiretroviral treatment (ART) is absent. Methods A total of 43 HBeAg-negative co-infected patients not indicated for ART (per concomitant World Health Organization recommendations) were followed during participation in a randomized controlled trial in Côte d’Ivoire. Chronic HBeAg-negative phases were classified at yearly visits and defined as ‘infection’ (HBV DNA ≤10 000 copies/mL and normal alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) or ‘hepatitis’ (HBV DNA >10 000 copies/mL and/or above normal ALT). Dispersion in HBV DNA and ALT levels during follow-up was assessed using interquartile range (IQR) regression. Results During a median 25 months (IQR 19–31), 17 (40%) patients consistently had ‘infection’, 5 (12%) consistently had ‘hepatitis’ and 21 (48%) fluctuated between phases. Wider dispersion in HBV DNA over time was associated with higher baseline HIV RNA (p=0.02) and higher baseline HBV DNA levels (p=0.008), while wider dispersion in ALT was associated with higher baseline HIV RNA (p<0.001), higher baseline ALT levels (p=0.02) and baseline hepatitis surface antigen >4.0 log10 IU/mL (p=0.02). Conclusions HBV activity is common with HBeAg-negative status, whose variation is partly linked to HIV replication. Fluctuations in disease phase make it difficult to assess the risk of morbidity and mortality after ART initiation.

scholarly journals Long-term efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B

Hepatology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Marcellin ◽  
Ting-Tsung Chang ◽  
Seng G. Lee Lim ◽  
William Sievert ◽  
Myron Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Hepatitis B E Antigen ◽  
Term Efficacy ◽  
Positive Chronic Hepatitis

scholarly journals Antiviral Therapy in Lamivudine-Resistant Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Lian Wang ◽  
Xi Lu ◽  
Xudong Yang ◽  
Nan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Rescue Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Lamivudine Resistance ◽  
Significant Difference

The relative efficacy of different strategies for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with lamivudine resistance (LAM-R) has not yet been systematically studied. Clinical trials were searched in PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CNKI databases up to February 15, 2016. Nine trials including 764 patients met the entry criteria. In direct meta-analysis, TDF showed a stronger antiviral effect than any one of ETV, LAM/ADV, and ADV against LAM-R hepatitis B virus. LAM/ADV therapy was superior to ADV in suppressing viral replication. ETV achieved similar rate of HBV DNA undetectable compared to ADV or LAM/ADV. In network meta-analysis, TDF had higher rates of HBV DNA undetectable compared to ETV (OR, 24.69; 95% CrI: 5.36–113.66), ADV (OR, 37.28; 95% CrI: 9.73–142.92), or LAM/ADV (OR, 21.05; 95% CrI: 5.70–77.80). However, among ETV, ADV, and LAM/ADV, no drug was clearly superior to others in HBV DNA undetectable rate. Moreover, no significant difference in the rate of ALT normalization or HBeAg loss was observed compared the four rescue strategies with each other. TDF appears to be a more effective rescue therapy than LAM/ADV, ETV, or ADV. LAM plus ADV therapy was a better treatment option than ETV or ADV alone for patients with LAM-R.

scholarly journals Viral hepatitis B and C in HIV-exposed South African infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Tamandjou Tchuem ◽  
Mark Fredric Cotton ◽  
Etienne Nel ◽  
Richard Tedder ◽  
Wolfgang Preiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Lamivudine Resistance ◽  
Hiv Exposed Infants ◽  
Hcv Antibody ◽  
Hiv Exposed

Abstract Background Whilst much attention is given to eliminating HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), little has been done to ensure the same for hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission. The introduction of HBV immunization at six weeks of age has reduced HBV horizontal transmission in South Africa. However, in order to eliminate HBV MTCT, further interventions are needed. The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) MTCT in HIV-infected (HIV+) African women is not yet well described. This study aimed to determine the rate of HBV and HCV vertical transmission in HIV-exposed infants in South Africa. Methods Serum samples from infants enrolled in an isoniazid prevention study (P1041) were screened for HBV and HCV serology markers; screening was performed on samples collected at approximately 60 weeks of age of the infants. HBV DNA was quantified in HBsAg positive samples and HBV strains characterized through gene sequencing. All HCV antibody samples with inconclusive results underwent molecular testing. Results Three of 821 infants were positive for both HBsAg and HBV DNA. All HBV strains belonged to HBV sub-genotype A1. The rtM204I mutation associated with lamivudine resistance was identified in one infant, a second infant harboured the double A1762T/G1764A BCP mutation. Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering between mother and infant viral genomic sequences. Twenty-one of 821 HIV-exposed infants tested had inconclusive HCV antibody results, none were HCV PCR positive. Conclusions This study suggests that HBV vertical transmission is likely to be occurring in HIV-exposed infants in South Africa.. A more robust strategy of HBV prevention, including birth dose vaccination, is required to eradicate HBV MTCT. HCV infection was not detected.

Adefovir Dipivoxil for the Treatment of Hepatitis B e Antigen–Negative Chronic Hepatitis B

2003 ◽  
Vol 348 (9) ◽  
pp. 800-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanos J. Hadziyannis ◽  
Nicolaos C. Tassopoulos ◽  
E. Jenny Heathcote ◽  
Ting-Tsung Chang ◽  
George Kitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
Hepatitis B E Antigen ◽  
Negative Chronic Hepatitis
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