Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL139 open reading frame: Sequence variants are clustered into three major genotypes

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Qi ◽  
Zhi-Qin Mao ◽  
Qiang Ruan ◽  
Rong He ◽  
Yan-Ping Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Sequence Variants ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Open Reading Frame Sequence ◽  
Frame Sequence

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of an Unknown Subtype of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 6: Another Piece for the Taxonomic Puzzle

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schou Pedersen ◽  
Sarah Mollerup ◽  
Lone Gilmor Nielsen ◽  
Håvard Jenssen ◽  
Jens Bukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Open Reading Frame Sequence ◽  
Frame Sequence ◽  
Reference Genomes ◽  
Virus Strains

The surveillance and correct subtyping of hepatitis C virus strains require available and up-to-date publicly available reference genomes. Here, we present the complete open reading frame sequence of a hepatitis C virus genotype 6 strain of an unknown subtype that was discovered during routine subtyping of patients in the clinic.

scholarly journals Open reading frame sequence of an Asian enterovirus 73 strain reveals that the prototype from California is recombinant

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 1721-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Norder ◽  
Lotte Bjerregaard ◽  
Lars O. Magnius
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
North India ◽  
Human Enterovirus ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Open Reading Frame Sequence ◽  
Frame Sequence ◽  
Recombination Point ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Structural Region

Phylogenetic analysis within the VP1 region now enables molecular typing of enteroviruses consistent with neutralization results. Three untypable isolates, 2776/82, 57/99 and 22/00, from Korea, North India and Bangladesh, respectively, showed within this region 98·0–99·0% amino acid identities. These were less than 77% to the previous enterovirus prototypes, but 91·5–92·5% to CA55-1988, the recently identified enterovirus 73 (EV73) prototype from California. All three strains were, however, most similar to CA64-4454, an EV73 prime strain, to which they shared 96·5–98·5% identity. Seven compared EV73 strains formed two clusters in the VP1 dendrogram, one cluster with strains from South and East Asia and CA64-4454, and the other with strains from Oman and California including the prototype. When sequencing the complete open reading frame of 2776/82, its non-structural region was found to be divergent from all human enterovirus B (HEV-B) strains, including CA55-1988, indicating that one or other strain was recombinant. Boot scanning of the genomes showed a recombination point within the P2 region. Therefore, part of this was sequenced for 57/99 and 22/00 and was found similar to 2776/82, while CA55-1988 was similar to coxsackievirus B3, demonstrating that CA55-1988 was the recombinant. Since all strains of EV73 isolated so far outside California originate from Asia, where it has a broad geographical distribution, it seems that EV73 may have been introduced to California from Asia. Further analysis of EV73 strains will reveal if the recombination occurred in the USA or in Asia and will help to elucidate the origin of this virus.

Open-reading-frame sequence tags (OSTs) support the existence of at least 17,300 genes in C. elegans

10.1038/85913 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Reboul ◽  
Philippe Vaglio ◽  
Nia Tzellas ◽  
Nicolas Thierry-Mieg ◽  
Troy Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Open Reading Frame Sequence ◽  
Frame Sequence

scholarly journals Human Cytomegalovirus Open Reading Frame TRL11/IRL11 Encodes an Immunoglobulin G Fc-Binding Protein

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (22) ◽  
pp. 11218-11221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan N. Lilley ◽  
Hidde L. Ploegh ◽  
Rebecca S. Tirabassi
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Fc Receptors ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Type I ◽  
Reading Frame

ABSTRACT Several herpesviruses encode Fc receptors that may play a role in preventing antibody-mediated clearance of the virus in vivo. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) induces an Fc-binding activity in cells upon infection, but the gene that encodes this Fc-binding protein has not been identified. Here, we demonstrate that the HCMV AD169 open reading frame TRL11 and its identical copy, IRL11, encode a type I membrane glycoprotein that possesses IgG Fc-binding capabilities.

Mapping and Transcriptional Analysis of the Murine Cytomegalovirus Homologue of the Human Cytomegalovirus UL103 Open Reading Frame

Virology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 204 (2) ◽  
pp. 835-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Lyons ◽  
Peter B. Dallas ◽  
Claudio Carrello ◽  
Geoffrey R. Shellam ◽  
Anthony A. Scalzo
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Murine Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Reading Frame

scholarly journals Deletion of Open Reading Frame UL26 from the Human Cytomegalovirus Genome Results in Reduced Viral Growth, Which Involves Impaired Stability of Viral Particles

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 5423-5434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Lorz ◽  
Heike Hofmann ◽  
Anja Berndt ◽  
Nina Tavalai ◽  
Regina Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Deletion Mutant ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Wild Type Virus ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Transcriptional Activation Domain ◽  
Viral Particles

ABSTRACT We previously showed that open reading frame (ORF) UL26 of human cytomegalovirus, a member of the US22 multigene family of betaherpesviruses, encodes a novel tegument protein, which is imported into cells in the course of viral infection. Moreover, we demonstrated that pUL26 contains a strong transcriptional activation domain and is capable of stimulating the major immediate-early (IE) enhancer-promoter. Since this suggested an important function of pUL26 during the initiation of the viral replicative cycle, we sought to ascertain the relevance of pUL26 by construction of a viral deletion mutant lacking the UL26 ORF using the bacterial artificial chromosome mutagenesis procedure. The resulting deletion virus was verified by PCR, enzyme restriction, and Southern blot analyses. After infection of human foreskin fibroblasts, the UL26 deletion mutant showed a small-plaque phenotype and replicated to significantly lower titers than wild-type or revertant virus. In particular, we noticed a striking decrease of infectious titers 7 days postinfection in a multistep growth experiment, whereas the release of viral DNA from infected cells was not impaired. A further investigation of this aspect revealed a significantly diminished stability of viral particles derived from the UL26 deletion mutant. Consistent with this, we observed that the tegument composition of the deletion mutant deviates from that of the wild-type virus. We therefore hypothesize that pUL26 plays a role not only in the onset of IE gene transcription but also in the assembly of the viral tegument layer in a stable and correct manner.

scholarly journals Abundant Early Expression of gpUL4 from a Human Cytomegalovirus Mutant Lacking a Repressive Upstream Open Reading Frame

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (15) ◽  
pp. 7188-7192 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Alderete ◽  
Stephanie J. Child ◽  
Adam P. Geballe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Upstream Open Reading Frame ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanism ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Early Expression ◽  
Translational Level

ABSTRACT The human cytomegalovirus UL4 gene encodes a 48-kDa glycoprotein, expression of which is repressed at the translational level by a short upstream open reading frame (uORF2) within the UL4 transcript leader. Mutation of the uORF2 initiation codon in the viral genome eliminates ribosomal stalling at the uORF2 termination site, resulting in early and abundant gpUL4 protein synthesis. This mutation does not appear to affect viral replication kinetics in human fibroblasts. These results reveal that the unusual uORF2 inhibitory mechanism is a principal determinant of the abundance and timing of gpUL4 expression but is nonessential for replication in cell culture.

Human Cytomegalovirus UL138 Open Reading Frame Is Highly Conserved in Clinical Strains

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Qi ◽  
Rong He ◽  
Yan-ping Ma ◽  
Zheng-rong Sun ◽  
Yao-hua Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Clinical Strains
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