scholarly journals Correlation of the BI‐RADS assessment categories of Papua New Guinean women with mammographic parenchymal patterns, age and diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
Ruth Pape ◽  
Kelly Maree Spuur ◽  
Jenny Maree Wilkinson ◽  
Pius Umo
Keyword(s):  
Mammographic Parenchymal Patterns ◽  
Papua New Guinean

scholarly journals Sequence analysis of Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding proteins reveals the presence of unique haplotypes and diversifying selection in Ethiopian isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lemu Golassa ◽  
Alebachew Messele ◽  
Eniyou Cheryll Oriero ◽  
Alfred Amambua-Ngwa
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Duffy Binding Protein ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Blood Stage Infection ◽  
Vaccine Approach ◽  
Papua New Guinean ◽  
Reference Haplotype

Abstract Background Red blood cell invasion by the Plasmodium vivax merozoite requires interaction between the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) and the P. vivax Duffy-binding protein II (PvDBPII). Given that the disruption of this interaction prevents P. vivax blood-stage infection, a PvDBP-based vaccine development has been well recognized. However, the polymorphic nature of PvDBPII prevents a strain transcending immune response and complicates attempts to design a vaccine. Methods Twenty-three P. vivax clinical isolates collected from three areas of Ethiopia were sequenced at the pvdbpII locus. A total of 392 global pvdbpII sequences from seven P. vivax endemic countries were also retrieved from the NCBI archive for comparative analysis of genetic diversity, departure from neutrality, linkage disequilibrium, genetic differentiation, PvDBP polymorphisms, recombination and population structure of the parasite population. To establish a haplotype relationship a network was constructed using the median joining algorithm. Results A total of 110 variable sites were found, of which 44 were parsimony informative. For Ethiopian isolates there were 12 variable sites of which 10 were parsimony informative. These parsimony informative variants resulted in 10 nonsynonymous mutations. The overall haplotype diversity for global isolates was 0.9596; however, the haplotype diversity was 0.874 for Ethiopia. Fst values for genetic revealed Ethiopian isolates were closest to Indian isolates as well as to Sri Lankan and Sudanese isolates but further away from Mexican, Papua New Guinean and South Korean isolates. There was a total of 136 haplotypes from the 415 global isolates included for this study. Haplotype prevalence ranged from 36.76% to 0.7%, from this 74.2% were represented by single parasite isolates. None of the Ethiopian isolates grouped with the Sal I reference haplotype. From the total observed nonsynonymous mutations 13 mapped to experimentally verified epitope sequences. Including 10 non-synonymous mutations from Ethiopia. However, all the polymorphic regions in Ethiopian isolates were located away from DARC, responsible for junction formation. Conclusion The results of this study are concurrent with the multivalent vaccine approach to design an effective treatment. However, the presence of novel haplotypes in Ethiopian isolates that were not shared by other global sequences warrant further investigation.

Comparison of neonatal T regulatory cell function in Papua New Guinean and Australian newborns

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne G. Lisciandro ◽  
Susan L. Prescott ◽  
Marie G. Nadal-Sims ◽  
Catherine J. Devitt ◽  
William Pomat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
T Regulatory Cell ◽  
Regulatory Cell ◽  
Papua New Guinean

scholarly journals The States of Law in Papua New Guinea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Demian
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Papua New Guinean

AbstractThis article employs a consideration of Peter Fitzpatrick’s early work in Papua New Guinea to reflect on legal and social developments in the country since his residence there during the independence period. In particular, Fitzpatrick’s concerns about the emergence of a Papua New Guinean bourgeois legality that would shape the postcolony are shown to have been prescient in some respects, and also to have had other outcomes unanticipated by the Marxist legal and anthropological imagination of the 1970s. Finally, I use examples from the heterogeneous lawscape of Papua New Guinean cities to illustrate how the ‘true people’s law’ envisioned by Fitzpatrick is in the process of emerging in spaces outside of formal legislative or court processes.

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