Sex differentiation during the early pouch stages of the opossum (Didelphys virginiana) and a comparison of the anatomical changes induced by male and female sex hormones

1939 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Female Sex Hormones

Interaction of male and female sex hormones in cultured rat prostate

The Prostate ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari I. Mäkelä ◽  
Risto S. S. Santti ◽  
Pirkko L. Härkönen ◽  
Jyrki J. O. Suominen ◽  
Paula M. Martikainen
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
Rat Prostate

scholarly journals Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Eliminates Sex Differences in Estradiol-Induced Elastin Production from Engineered Dermal Substitutes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6358
Author(s):  
Andreja Moset Zupan ◽  
Carolyn Nietupski ◽  
Stacey C. Schutte
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Skin Substitutes ◽  
Estradiol Treatment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Dermal Substitutes ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
17Β Estradiol

Lack of adult cells’ ability to produce sufficient amounts of elastin and assemble functional elastic fibers is an issue for creating skin substitutes that closely match native skin properties. The effects of female sex hormones, primarily estrogen, have been studied due to the known effects on elastin post-menopause, thus have primarily included older mostly female populations. In this study, we examined the effects of female sex hormones on the synthesis of elastin by female and male human dermal fibroblasts in engineered dermal substitutes. Differences between the sexes were observed with 17β-estradiol treatment alone stimulating elastin synthesis in female substitutes but not male. TGF-β levels were significantly higher in male dermal substitutes than female dermal substitutes and the levels did not change with 17β-estradiol treatment. The male dermal substitutes had a 1.5-fold increase in cAMP concentration in the presence of 17β-estradiol compared to no hormone controls, while cAMP concentrations remained constant in the female substitutes. When cAMP was added in addition to 17β-estradiol and progesterone in the culture medium, the sex differences were eliminated, and elastin synthesis was upregulated by 2-fold in both male and female dermal substitutes. These conditions alone did not result in functionally significant amounts of elastin or complete elastic fibers. The findings presented provide insights into differences between male and female cells in response to female sex steroid hormones and the involvement of the cAMP pathway in elastin synthesis. Further explorations into the signaling pathways may identify better targets to promote elastic fiber synthesis in skin substitutes.

scholarly journals Male and female sex hormones in primary headaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë Delaruelle ◽  
◽  
Tatiana A. Ivanova ◽  
Sabrina Khan ◽  
Andrea Negro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Female Sex Hormones

A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF MALE AND FEMALE SEX HORMONES ON IMMATURE FEMALE RATS

Endocrinology ◽  
1939 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRED W. CLAUSEN ◽  
CLAY B. FREUDENBERGER
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Female Sex Hormones
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