scholarly journals High prevalence of self‐reported autism spectrum disorder in the Propionic Acidemia Registry

JIMD Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L. Cotrina ◽  
Sindy Ferreiras ◽  
Patricia Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Propionic Acidemia ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Child with Propionic Acidemia

2012 ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Al-Owain ◽  
N. Kaya ◽  
H. Al-Shamrani ◽  
A. Al-Bakheet ◽  
A. Qari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Propionic Acidemia ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder prevalence and associated sociodemographic factors in the school population: EPINED study

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110077
Author(s):  
Paula Morales Hidalgo ◽  
Núria Voltas Moreso ◽  
Josefa Canals Sans
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
High Prevalence

The autism spectrum disorder prevalence data for southern Europe seem to be lower than international reports. The objective of the Neurodevelopmental Disorders Epidemiological Research Project was to estimate the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in a representative school sample of Tarragona, Spain. Screening was performed through parents ( N = 3727) and teachers ( N = 6894), and 781 children were individually assessed. The overall estimated prevalence was 1.53% (1.78% in preschoolers; 1.30% in primary school children), being significantly higher than the 0.83% previously registered (0.92% and 0.74%, respectively). Respectively, 4.23% and 2.85% of the children showed subclinical autism spectrum disorder. Girls showed a significantly lower prevalence in all the conditions. Severity profiles were distributed as 46% mild, 47% moderate and 7% severe. A high ratio of males (90%) and children from Eastern Europe (16%) was found among severe autism spectrum disorder. Language therapy (51%) and psychological (65%) and educational supports (65%) were given to children with autism spectrum disorder. Pharmacological treatment was only found among school-aged children (37.5%). Public schools provided more educational support (72%) than private schools (36%). The heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder makes it difficult to determine specific associated sociodemographic factors. The results confirmed a high prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in this province, suggesting a current under-diagnosis by public health services. Lay abstract An increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder has been reported around the world over the past decade. However, the prevalence data for southern Europe seem to be lower than international reports and notable methodological differences have been reported among studies. The objective of the Neurodevelopmental Disorders Epidemiological Research Project was to estimate the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in a representative school sample of the province of Tarragona, Spain. The study included a screening procedure through parents ( N = 3727) and teachers ( N = 6894), and an individual assessment of children at risk and a comparison group ( N = 781). The overall estimated prevalence in our sample was 1.53%, being significantly higher than the 0.83% previously registered diagnoses. A total of 3.31% of the children presented subclinical characteristics of autism spectrum disorder. Girls showed a significantly lower estimated prevalence in all the conditions. Severity profiles were distributed as 46% mild, 47% moderate and 7% severe. Psychological support (65%), educational support (65%) and language therapy (51%) were given to children with autism spectrum disorder. Pharmacological treatment was only found among school-aged children (37.5%). Public schools provided more educational supports (72%) than private schools (36%). The heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder makes it difficult to determine specific associated sociodemographic factors. The results confirmed a high prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in the province, suggesting a current under-diagnosis in public health services. In view of the results, it is important to promote early diagnosis and intervention, especially in particular groups such as girls, children with intellectual disabilities and children from immigrant families.

scholarly journals EXCESS WEIGHT AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS IN A GROUP OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayane Verissimo da Silva ◽  
Poliana Novais Moreira Santos ◽  
Danielle Alice Vieira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
World Health ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
High Prevalence

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status and gastrointestinal changes in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive analysis of 39 children with ASD aged between three and ten years old, registered in the participating association. Nutritional status was evaluated by body mass index/age and weight/age, according to the guidelines from the World Health Organization. In order to investigate whether gastrointestinal alterations occurred, the interviewees answered a questionnaire about the presence of these symptoms within the last 30 days. In order to evaluate food consumption, a 24-hour recall questionnaire was applied and the food reported were grouped as: gluten sources, casein and ultra-processed sources. For the statistical analysis, Epi-Info software version 7.2 was used. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the variables associated with gastrointestinal alterations. Results: There was a high prevalence of overweight children with autism spectrum disorder (64.1%). No child was underweight. Thirty-four children (84.2%) had gastrointestinal symptoms. Consumption of gluten was associated with gastrointestinal symptoms (β=0.38; 95%CI 0.07-0.75; p=0.02). Conclusions: The high prevalence of being overweight should be considered during the follow-up visits of children with ASD. The influence of gluten consumption on the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms was observed in this study, and the causes involved in these alterations need to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Participation in a Science Festival Promotes Inclusive Science Communication around Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Gunter ◽  
Cynthia B Sinha ◽  
David Jaquess
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

AbstractAs a high prevalence disorder with limited information about etiology, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been marked by confusion and miscommunication around its causes and treatments. To promote high-quality science communication, we participated in a local science festival, both providing information about the brain and ASD and asking passersby questions about their knowledge of ASD. We then asked the booth staffers to evaluate the program and conducted qualitative analyses of public and staffer responses. Public responses to the question “what would you like to know about autism?” most often concerned how the disorder was diagnosed or defined. In contrast, public responses to the question “what would you like others to know about autism?” centered around educating those unaffected by ASD on how to improve interactions and awareness, mentioning inclusivity and intersectionality, and dispelling negative stereotypes. The staffers overwhelmingly reported that in future years, they would include even more science and allow for more in-depth conversations with interested parties, as well as bringing materials in other languages. These responses are in keeping with a trend for more inclusive science communication, particularly in the field of behavioral health and ASD, and a desire to challenge myths around the condition. We conclude that our science festival interactions brought multiple benefits to public and staff.

scholarly journals Effects of Supplementation With Antioxidant Agents on Sleep in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Zambrelli ◽  
Althea Lividini ◽  
Sofia Spadavecchia ◽  
Katherine Turner ◽  
Maria Paola Canevini
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
The Impact

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition, whose etiology remains poorly understood in most cases. Several genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors have been implicated in ASD pathogenesis and numerous studies have provided evidences for increased levels of oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant capacity in patients with ASD. Recent clinical trials explored supplementation with antioxidant agents as a potential therapeutic strategy for ASD, investigating the impact of this treatment on behavioral symptoms and on most common comorbidities of the disease, including sleep disturbances. Among all medical conditions associated to ASD, sleep problems are highly prevalent and are supposed to be positively related to the severity of the disease. Moreover, studies on animal models support the hypothesis of a relationship between oxidative stress and sleep deprivation. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of the literature on the effect of antioxidant treatment on sleep disturbances in patients with ASD. Twenty-one articles were included in final synthesis. Of them, 15 studies involved Melatonin, 1 Tryptophan and 5 focused on supplementation with other antioxidant agents (namely Coenzyme Q10, L-Carnosine, Luteolin and Quercetin). Despite the high prevalence of comorbid sleep troubles in ASD, there is a paucity of data on the efficacy of antioxidant agents in those patients. Further research is needed to better define the role of antioxidants agents as adjunctive therapy in the management sleep disorders in children and adolescents affected with ASD.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Virtual Reality for Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Evidence-Based Systematic Review

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Mesa-Gresa ◽  
Hermenegildo Gil-Gómez ◽  
José-Antonio Lozano-Quilis ◽  
José-Antonio Gil-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disease ◽  
Clinical Databases ◽  
Science Index ◽  
High Prevalence

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disease that is specially characterized by impairments in social communication and social skills. ASD has a high prevalence in children, affecting 1 in 160 subjects. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an effective tool for intervention in the health field. Different recent papers have reviewed the VR-based treatments in ASD, but they have an important limitation because they only use clinical databases and do not include important technical indexes such as the Web of Science index or the Scimago Journal & Country Rank. To our knowledge, this is the first contribution that has carried out an evidence-based systematic review including both clinical and technical databases about the effectiveness of VR-based intervention in ASD. The initial search identified a total of 450 records. After the exclusion of the papers that are not studies, duplicated articles, and the screening of the abstract and full text, 31 articles met the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes) criteria and were selected for analysis. The studies examined suggest moderate evidence about the effectiveness of VR-based treatments in ASD. VR can add many advantages to the treatment of ASD symptomatology, but it is necessary to develop consistent validations in future studies to state that VR can effectively complement the traditional treatments.

scholarly journals A High Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Preschool Children in an Immigrant, Multiethnic Population in Sweden: Challenges for Health Care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Linnsand ◽  
Christopher Gillberg ◽  
Åsa Nilses ◽  
Bibbi Hagberg ◽  
Gudrun Nygren
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
Individual Needs ◽  
The Many

Abstract This study examines the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in preschool children in an immigrant population. Possible risk factors for ASD and individual needs for the children and their families are described, as well as implications for health care. The estimated minimum prevalence for ASD in the area was 3.66% for children aged 2–5 years. Multiple risk factors and extensive individual needs for the children and their families were observed. The high prevalence of ASD and the plethora of needs in immigrant communities pose challenges for health care. A coordinated health care system is necessary to meet the many and individual needs.

scholarly journals Prenatal exposure to paternal smoking and likelihood for autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110073
Author(s):  
Bora Kim ◽  
Mina Ha ◽  
Young Shin Kim ◽  
Yun-Joo Koh ◽  
Shan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Replication Sample ◽  
Discovery Sample ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk ◽  
Paternal Smoking ◽  
Disorder Risk

Genetics, environment, and their interactions impact autism spectrum disorder etiology. Smoking is a suspected autism spectrum disorder risk factor due to biological plausibility and high prevalence. Using two large epidemiological samples, we examined whether autism spectrum disorder was associated with prenatal paternal smoking in a Discovery sample ( N = 10,245) and an independent Replication sample ( N = 29,773). Paternal smoking was retrospectively assessed with questionnaires. Likelihood of having autism spectrum disorder was estimated with the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire at three levels: low (<10), intermediate (10–14), and high (⩾15). Ordinal regression was used to examine the relationship between prenatal paternal smoking and likelihood of having autism spectrum disorder, adjusting for confounders. A total of 36.5% of Discovery sample fathers and 63.3% of Replication sample fathers smoked during the pregnancy period; 7% of the Replication sample smoker fathers smoked during the pre-conception period but quit during pregnancy period. Discovery sample prenatal paternal smoking significantly increased the likelihood of having autism spectrum disorder in their offspring (adjusted odds ratio=1.27). This was confirmed in the Replication sample with adjusted odds ratio of 1.15 among smoking pre-conception period + pregnancy period fathers; 14.4% and 11.1% increased high likelihood of autism spectrum disorder was attributable to prenatal paternal smoking in Discovery sample and Replication sample, respectively. Smoking prevention, especially in pregnancy planning, may decrease autism spectrum disorder risk in offspring. Lay abstract What is Already Known about This Subject: Genetics, (including de novo mutations), environmental factors (including toxic exposures), and their interactions impact autism spectrum disorder etiology. Paternal smoking is a candidate risk for autism spectrum disorder due to biological plausibility, high prevalence, and potential intervention. What This Study Adds: This original study and its replication confirms that paternal factors can substantially contribute to autism spectrum disorder risk for their offspring. It specifically indicates that paternal smoking both before and during pregnancy contributes significantly to autism spectrum disorder risk. Implications for practice, research, or policy: Smoking prevention, especially in pregnancy planning, may decrease autism spectrum disorder risk in offspring.

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