scholarly journals Seismo-tectonic behavior of the Pernicana Fault System (Mt Etna): A gauge for volcano flank instability?

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 4398-4409 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ruch ◽  
S. Pepe ◽  
F. Casu ◽  
G. Solaro ◽  
A. Pepe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault System ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Volcano Flank Instability

scholarly journals Application of the Wiener filter to magnetic profiling in the volcanic environment of Mt. Etna (Italy)

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Del Negro
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Wiener Filter ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Wiener Filters ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Magnetic Profile ◽  
Mean Square Error Criterion

The frequency-domain Wiener filtering was applied to magnetic anomalies in the volcanic area of Mt. Etna. This filter, under suitable conditions (additive noise, linear processing and mean-square error criterion), can furnish an effective tool for discriminating the geologic feature of interest (the signal) from the noise. The filter was first tested with synthetic data. Afterwards it was applied to a magnetic profile carried out across the principal fault system of the Mt. Etna volcano, that hosted the dykes feeding both the 1989 and the 1991-93 eruptions. The magnetic anomalies linked to the volcanic section and those linked to the contact between the clay basement and the lava coverage show significant spectral overlap. Thus by estimating the power spectrum of the signal, obtained resolving the forward problem, a least-squares Wiener filter has been designed. In such context, it was possible to verify the effectiveness of Wiener filters, whereas traditional band-pass filtering proved inadequate. In fact, analysis of the noise showed that all the meaningful components of the observed magnetic field were resolved. The results put further constraints on location and geometry of the shallow plumbing system of Mt. Etna.

Modeling of ALOS and COSMO-SkyMed satellite data at Mt Etna: Implications on relation between seismic activation of the Pernicana fault system and volcanic unrest

2012 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda Currenti ◽  
Giuseppe Solaro ◽  
Rosalba Napoli ◽  
Antonio Pepe ◽  
Alessandro Bonaccorso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Volcanic Unrest ◽  
Seismic Activation ◽  
Mt Etna

New evidence for the form and extent of the Pernicana Fault System (Mt. Etna) from structural and soil–gas surveying

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Azzaro ◽  
Stefano Branca ◽  
Salvatore Giammanco ◽  
Sergio Gurrieri ◽  
Riccardo Rasà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Gas ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
New Evidence

scholarly journals Mapping and evaluating kinematics and the stress and strain field at active faults and fissures: a comparison between field and drone data at the NE rift, Mt Etna (Italy)

Solid Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-816
Author(s):  
Alessandro Tibaldi ◽  
Noemi Corti ◽  
Emanuela De Beni ◽  
Fabio Luca Bonali ◽  
Susanna Falsaperla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Field ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Extension Rate ◽  
Eastern Flank ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Ne Rift

Abstract. We collected drone data to quantify the kinematics at extensional fractures and normal faults, integrated this information with seismological data to reconstruct the stress field, and critically compared the results with previous fieldwork to assess the best practice. As a key site, we analyzed a sector of the northeast rift of Mt Etna, an area affected by continuous ground deformation linked to gravity sliding of the volcano's eastern flank and dike injections. The studied sector is characterized also by the existence of eruptive craters and fissures and lava flows. This work shows that this rift segment is affected by a series of NNE- to NE-striking, parallel extensional fractures characterized by an opening mode along an average N105.7∘ vector. The stress field is characterized by a σHmin trending northwest–southeast. Normal faults strike parallel to the extensional fractures. The extensional strain obtained by cumulating the net offset at extensional fractures with the fault heave gives a stretching ratio of 1.003 in the northeastern part of the study area and 1.005 in the southwestern part. Given a maximum age of 1614 CE for the offset lavas, we obtained an extension rate of 1.9 cm yr−1 for the last 406 years. This value is consistent with the slip along the Pernicana Fault system, confirming that the NE rift structures accommodate the sliding of the eastern flank of the volcano.

scholarly journals Modeling ground deformation associated with the destructive earthquakes occurring on Mt. Etna's southeastern flank in 1984

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Cannavò ◽  
Salvatore Gambino ◽  
Biagio Puglisi ◽  
Rosanna Velardita
Keyword(s):  
Fault Plane ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Good Accord ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
High Hazard ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Very High

Abstract. The Timpe Fault System is the source of very shallow but destructive earthquakes that affect several towns and villages on the eastern flank of Mt. Etna (Italy). In 1984, several seismic events, and specifically on October 25, caused one fatality, 12 injuries and produced serious damage in the Zafferana and Acireale territories. This seismicity was mainly related to the activity of the Fiandaca Fault, one of the structures belonging to the Timpe Fault System. We inverted ground deformation data collected by a geodimeter trilateration network set up in 1977 at a low altitude along the eastern side of the volcano in order to define the Timpe Fault System faulting mechanisms linked to the seismicity in 1984. We found that in the May 1980–October 1984 period, the Fiandaca Fault was affected by a strike slip and normal dip slip of about 27 and 23cm. This result is in fairly good accord with field observations of the co-seismic ground ruptures along the fault but it's notably large compared to displacements estimated by seismicity, then suggest ing that most of the slip over the fault plane was aseismic. The results once again confirm how seismicity and in particular ground ruptures represent a very high hazard to the several towns and villages situated along the Fiandaca Fault.

scholarly journals Repeating earthquakes and ground deformation reveal the structure and triggering mechanisms of the Pernicana fault, Mt. Etna

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cannata ◽  
Adriana Iozzia ◽  
Salvatore Alparone ◽  
Alessandro Bonforte ◽  
Flavio Cannavò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Mount Etna ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Magma Intrusion ◽  
Repeating Earthquakes ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Recurrence Intervals ◽  
Triggering Mechanisms ◽  
Repeating Earthquake

AbstractStructure and dynamics of fault systems can be investigated using repeating earthquakes as repeatable seismic sources, alongside ground deformation measurements. Here we utilise a dataset of repeating earthquakes which occurred between 2000 and 2019 along the transtensive Pernicana fault system on the northeast flank of Mount Etna, Italy, to investigate the fault structure, as well as the triggering mechanisms of the seismicity. By grouping the repeating earthquakes into families and integrating the seismic data with GPS measurements of ground deformation, we identify four distinct portions of the fault. Each portion shows a different behaviour in terms of seismicity, repeating earthquakes and ground deformation, which we attribute to structural differences including a segmentation of the fault plane at depth. The recurrence intervals of repeating earthquake families display a low degree of regularity which suggests an episodic triggering mechanism, such as magma intrusion, rather than displacement under a constant stress.

scholarly journals Modeling ground deformation associated with the destructive earthquakes occurring on Mt. Etna's southeastern flank in 1984

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2443-2453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Cannavò ◽  
Salvatore Gambino ◽  
Biagio Puglisi ◽  
Rosanna Velardita
Keyword(s):  
Fault Plane ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
High Hazard ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Very High

Abstract. The Timpe Fault System is the source of very shallow but destructive earthquakes that affect several towns and villages on the eastern flank of Mt. Etna (Italy). In 1984, several seismic events, and specifically on 19 and 25 October, caused one fatality, 12 injuries and produced serious damage in the Zafferana and Acireale territories. This seismicity was mainly related to the activity of the Fiandaca Fault, one of the structures belonging to the Timpe Fault System. We inverted ground deformation data collected by a geodimeter trilateration network set up in 1977 at a low altitude along the eastern side of the volcano in order to define the Timpe Fault System faulting mechanisms linked to the seismicity in 1984. We have found that in the period May 1980–October 1984, the Fiandaca Fault was affected by a strike-slip and normal dip-slip of about 20.4 and 12.7 cm respectively. This result is kinematically consistent with field observations of the coseismic ground ruptures along the fault but it is notably large compared to displacements estimated by seismicity, then suggesting that most of the slip over the fault plane was aseismic. The results once again confirm how seismicity and its relation with ground ruptures and creep displacement represent a very high hazard to the several towns and villages situated along the Timpe Fault System.

Mount Etna and the 1971 eruption - Structural implications of the 1971 Mount Etna eruption

1973 ◽  
Vol 274 (1238) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Mount Etna ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Persistent Activity ◽  
Tectonic Fault ◽  
Magma Column ◽  
Mt Etna

The author believes the 1971 eruption has been triggered by an uprise of the magma column which had for several decades fed the persistent activity located in both the NE crater and in the central crater’s chasm. This uprise split open a set of en-echelon fissures first on the southern, then on the eastern upper slopes of Mt Etna. Degassing occurred at the uppermost part of the successive fissure systems, while the degassed lava flows poured out at the lowermost end. When the ENE tectonic fault-system came into operation and controlled the second half of the eruption, it led to the engulfment of the degassing vent and subsequently acted as an undergound channel through which the degassed lavas could flow freely until they poured out at the lower end of the fault zone. This fault zone follows one of the main tectonic trends which intersect below Mt Etna, the main other ones being oriented SW-NE and WSW—ENE.

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