scholarly journals Significant loss of energetic electrons at the heart of the outer radiation belt during weak magnetic storms

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 4221-4236 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hwang ◽  
D.-Y. Lee ◽  
K.-C. Kim ◽  
D.-K. Shin ◽  
J.-H. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons

Statistical studies of energetic electrons in the outer radiation belt

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Johnstone ◽  
D.J. Rodgers ◽  
G.H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Statistical Studies

scholarly journals On the radiation belt location during the 23rd and 24th solar cycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-732
Author(s):  
Alexei V. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Geomagnetic Jerk ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Eastern Hemisphere

Abstract. Within the last two solar cycles (from 2001 to 2018), the location of the outer radiation belt (ORB) was determined using NOAA/Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) observations of energetic electrons with energies above 30 keV. It was found that the ORB was shifted a little (∼1∘) in the European and North American sectors, while in the Siberian sector the ORB was displaced equatorward by more than 3∘. The displacements corresponded qualitatively to the change in the geomagnetic field predicted by the IGRF-12 model. However, in the Siberian sector, the model has a tendency to underestimate the equatorward shift of the ORB. The shift became prominent after 2012, which might have been related to a geomagnetic “jerk” that occurred in 2012–2013. The displacement of the ORB to lower latitudes in the Siberian sector can contribute to an increase in the occurrence rate of midlatitude auroras observed in the Eastern Hemisphere.

scholarly journals The relativistic electron response in the outer radiation belt during magnetic storms

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 957-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. A. Iles ◽  
A. N. Fazakerley ◽  
A. D. Johnstone ◽  
N. P. Meredith ◽  
P. Bühler
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Interplanetary Magnetic Field ◽  
Relativistic Electron ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Solar Wind Speed ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt

Abstract. The relativistic electron response in the outer radiation belt during magnetic storms has been studied in relation to solar wind and geomagnetic parameters during the first six months of 1995, a period in which there were a number of recurrent fast solar wind streams. The relativistic electron population was measured by instruments on board the two microsatellites, STRV-1a and STRV-1b, which traversed the radiation belt four times per day from L ~ 1 out to L ~ 7 on highly elliptical, near-equatorial orbits. Variations in the E > 750 keV and E > 1 MeV electrons during the main phase and recovery phase of 17 magnetic storms have been compared with the solar wind speed, interplanetary magnetic field z-component, Bz , the solar wind dynamic pressure and Dst *. Three different types of electron responses are identified, with outcomes that strongly depend on the solar wind speed and interplanetary magnetic field orientation during the magnetic storm recovery phase. Observations also confirm that the L-shell, at which the peak enhancement in the electron count rate occurs has a dependence on Dst *.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped; storms and substorms) – Space plasma physics (charged particle motion and accelerations)

scholarly journals Modeling inward diffusion and slow decay of energetic electrons in the Earth's outer radiation belt

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Ma ◽  
W. Li ◽  
R. M. Thorne ◽  
B. Ni ◽  
C. A. Kletzing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Slow Decay

scholarly journals Association of radiation belt electron enhancements with earthward penetration of Pc5 ULF waves: a case study of intense 2001 magnetic storms

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1431-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Georgiou ◽  
I. A. Daglis ◽  
E. Zesta ◽  
G. Balasis ◽  
I. R. Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Ulf Waves ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Magnetometer Arrays ◽  
The One

Abstract. Geospace magnetic storms, driven by the solar wind, are associated with increases or decreases in the fluxes of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt. We examine the response of relativistic electrons to four intense magnetic storms, during which the minimum of the Dst index ranged from −105 to −387 nT, and compare these with concurrent observations of ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves from the trans-Scandinavian IMAGE magnetometer network and stations from multiple magnetometer arrays available through the worldwide SuperMAG collaboration. The latitudinal and global distribution of Pc5 wave power is examined to determine how deep into the magnetosphere these waves penetrate. We then investigate the role of Pc5 wave activity deep in the magnetosphere in enhancements of radiation belt electrons population observed in the recovery phase of the magnetic storms. We show that, during magnetic storms characterized by increased post-storm electron fluxes as compared to their pre-storm values, the earthward shift of peak and inner boundary of the outer electron radiation belt follows the Pc5 wave activity, reaching L shells as low as 3–4. In contrast, the one magnetic storm characterized by irreversible loss of electrons was related to limited Pc5 wave activity that was not intensified at low L shells. These observations demonstrate that enhanced Pc5 ULF wave activity penetrating deep into the magnetosphere during the main and recovery phase of magnetic storms can, for the cases examined, distinguish storms that resulted in increases in relativistic electron fluxes in the outer radiation belts from those that did not.

scholarly journals REPAD: An empirical model of pitch angle distributions for energetic electrons in the Earth's outer radiation belt

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 1693-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Chen ◽  
Reiner H. W. Friedel ◽  
Michael G. Henderson ◽  
Seth G. Claudepierre ◽  
Steven K. Morley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons
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