Transcriptional regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene therapy: targeting early stage and advanced prostate cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 755-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Coulter ◽  
Natalie L. Page ◽  
Jenny Worthington ◽  
Tracy Robson ◽  
David G. Hirst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

scholarly journals Coexpression of COX-2 and iNOS in Angiogenesis of Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youichi Kumagai ◽  
Jun Sobajima ◽  
Morihiro Higashi ◽  
Toru Ishiguro ◽  
Minoru Fukuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Using immunohistochemical staining, the present study was conducted to examine whether cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) affect angiogenesis in early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We also analyzed the correlation between these two factors. Cyclooxygenase 2, iNOS, and angiogenesis in early-stage ESCC are unclear. Using 10 samples of normal squamous epithelium, 7 samples of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), and 45 samples of superficial esophageal cancer, we observed the expression of COX-2 and iNOS. We then investigated the COX-2 and iNOS immunoreactivity scores and the correlation between COX-2 or iNOS scores and microvessel density (MVD) using CD34 or CD105. The intensity of COX-2 or iNOS expression differed significantly according to histological type (P < 0.001). The scores of COX-2 and iNOS were lowest for normal squamous epithelium, followed in ascending order by LGIN, carcinoma in situ and tumor invading the lamina propria mucosae (M1-M2 cancer); and tumor invading the muscularis mucosa (M3) or deeper cancer. The differences were significant (P < 0.001). Cancers classified M1-M2 (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively); M3; or deeper cancer (P < 0.01) had significantly higher COX-2 and iNOS scores than normal squamous epithelium. There was a significant correlation between COX-2 and iNOS scores (P < 0.001, rs = 0.51). Correlations between COX-2 score and CD34-positive MVD or CD105-positive MVD were significant (rs = 0.53, P < 0.001; rs = 0.62, P < 0.001, respectively). Inducible nitric oxide synthase score was also significantly correlated with CD34 MVD and CD105 MVD (rs = 0.45, P < 0.001; rs = 0.60, P < 0.001, respectively). Chemoprevention of COX-2 or iNOS activity may blunt the development of ESCC from precancerous lesions.

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