Developmental and genetic mechanisms for evolutionary diversification of serial repeats: eyespot size inBicyclus anynana butterflies

2008 ◽  
Vol 310B (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Beldade ◽  
Vernon French ◽  
Paul Martin Brakefield
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Diversification ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

scholarly journals Evolution of, and via, Developmental Plasticity: Insights through the Study of Scaling Relationships

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1346-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Casasa ◽  
Armin P Moczek
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Genetic Accommodation ◽  
Developmental Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Diversification ◽  
Scaling Relationships ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

AbstractScaling relationships emerge from differential growth of body parts relative to each other. As such, scaling relationships are at least in part the product of developmental plasticity. While some of the developmental genetic mechanisms underlying scaling relationships are starting to be elucidated, how these mechanisms evolve and give rise to the enormous diversity of allometric scaling observed in nature is less understood. Furthermore, developmental plasticity has itself been proposed as a mechanism that facilitates adaptation and diversification, yet its role in the developmental evolution of scaling relationships remains largely unknown. In this review, we first explore how the mechanisms of scaling relationships have evolved. We primarily focus on insect development and review how pathway components and pathway interactions have evolved across taxa to regulate scaling relationships across diverse traits. We then discuss the potential role of developmental plasticity in the evolution of scaling relationships. Specifically, we address the potential role of allometric plasticity and cryptic genetic variation in allometry in facilitating divergence via genetic accommodation. Collectively, in this article, we aim to bring together two aspects of developmental plasticity: the mechanistic underpinnings of scaling relationships and their evolution, and the potential role that plasticity plays in the evolutionary diversification of scaling relationships.

scholarly journals Symmetry Transformations in Metazoan Evolution and Development

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Valeria V. Isaeva ◽  
Nickolay V. Kasyanov
Keyword(s):  
Axial Symmetry ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Radial Symmetry ◽  
Metazoan Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Diversification ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Symmetry Transformations ◽  
Hox Code

In this review, we consider transformations of axial symmetry in metazoan evolution and development, the genetic basis, and phenotypic expressions of different axial body plans. In addition to the main symmetry types in metazoan body plans, such as rotation (radial symmetry), reflection (mirror and glide reflection symmetry), and translation (metamerism), many biological objects show scale (fractal) symmetry as well as some symmetry-type combinations. Some genetic mechanisms of axial pattern establishment, creating a coordinate system of a metazoan body plan, bilaterian segmentation, and left–right symmetry/asymmetry, are analysed. Data on the crucial contribution of coupled functions of the Wnt, BMP, Notch, and Hedgehog signaling pathways (all pathways are designated according to the abbreviated or full names of genes or their protein products; for details, see below) and the axial Hox-code in the formation and maintenance of metazoan body plans are necessary for an understanding of the evolutionary diversification and phenotypic expression of various types of axial symmetry. The lost body plans of some extinct Ediacaran and early Cambrian metazoans are also considered in comparison with axial body plans and posterior growth in living animals.

Molecular and Genetic Mechanisms of Factor XIII A Subunit Deficiency

2000 ◽  
Vol Volume 26 (Number 01) ◽  
pp. 005-010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akitada Ichinose ◽  
Masayoshi Souri ◽  
Tomonori Izumi ◽  
Nobumasa Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Xiii ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
A Subunit

Molecular and genetic mechanisms of pathological processes development (VIII Congress of the International Society of Pathophysiology)

2018 ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
А.В. Кубышкин ◽  
П.Ф. Литвицкий ◽  
Л.П. Чурилов ◽  
О. Пеханова ◽  
О.И. Уразова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Society ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

В статье приводятся данные об основных тенденциях и направлениях развития патофизиологии как науки и образовательной дисциплины, представленных на VIII конгрессе Международного общества патофизиологов в Братиславе. The article provides information of the main trends and directions of development of Pathophysiology as a science and educational discipline, which presented at the VIII Congress of the International Society of Pathophysiology in Bratislava.

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