Extreme tolerance and developmental buffering of UV-C induced DNA damage in embryos of the annual killifishAustrofundulus limnaeus

2015 ◽  
Vol 323 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiah T. Wagner ◽  
Jason E. Podrabsky
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Developmental Buffering ◽  
Uv C

scholarly journals Minimal, superficial DNA damage in human skin from filtered far‐ultraviolet‐C (UV‐C)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Hickerson ◽  
M.J. Conneely ◽  
S.K. Hirata Tsutsumi ◽  
K. Wood ◽  
D.N. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Far Ultraviolet ◽  
Uv C

scholarly journals Exploring the effect of UV-C radiation on earthworm and understanding its genomic integrity in the context of H2AX expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Subbiahanadar Chelladurai ◽  
Jackson Durairaj Selvan Christyraj ◽  
Ananthaselvam Azhagesan ◽  
Vennila Devi Paulraj ◽  
Muralidharan Jothimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Perionyx Excavatus ◽  
Dna Damages ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Uv C

AbstractMaintaining genomic stability is inevitable for organism survival and it is challenged by mutagenic agents, which include ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Whenever DNA damage occurs, it is sensed by DNA-repairing proteins and thereby performing the DNA-repair mechanism. Specifically, in response to DNA damage, H2AX is a key protein involved in initiating the DNA-repair processes. In this present study, we investigate the effect of UV-C on earthworm, Perionyx excavatus and analyzed the DNA-damage response. Briefly, we expose the worms to different doses of UV-C and find that worms are highly sensitive to UV-C. As a primary response, earthworms produce coelomic fluid followed by autotomy. However, tissue inflammation followed by death is observed when we expose worm to increased doses of UV-C. In particular, UV-C promotes damages in skin layers and on the contrary, it mediates the chloragogen and epithelial outgrowth in intestinal tissues. Furthermore, UV-C promotes DNA damages followed by upregulation of H2AX on dose-dependent manner. Our finding confirms DNA damage caused by UV-C is directly proportional to the expression of H2AX. In short, we conclude that H2AX is present in the invertebrate earthworm, which plays an evolutionarily conserved role in DNA damage event as like that in higher animals.

scholarly journals The Tardigrade Damage Suppressor Protein Promotes Transcription Factor Activation and Expression of DNA Repair Genes in Human Cells in Response to Hydroxyl Radicals and UV-C Exposure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Ricci ◽  
Giulia Riolo ◽  
Carlotta Marzocchi ◽  
Jlenia Brunetti ◽  
Alessandro Pini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Dna Damage Repair ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
H2o2 Treatment ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Transcription Factor Activation ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Repair Genes

The Ramazzottius varieornatus tardigrade is an extremotolerant terrestrial invertebrate belonging to the phylum of Tardigrada. At a length of 0.1-1.0 mm, tardigrades are small animals with an exceptional tolerance to extreme conditions such as high pressure, chemicals and irradia-tion. These properties have been attributed to the recently-discovered Dsup protein. Dsup is a nucleosome-binding protein that prevents DNA damage against X-ray and oxidative stress without impairing cell life, also in Dsup-transfected animal and plant cells. However, the precise “protective” role of this protein is still under study. We performed experiments on human cells and shows that, as compared to control cells, Dsup+ cells are more resistant to UV-C exposure and H2O2. Real-time PCR identified different expression patterns of endogenous genes involved in apoptosis, cell survival and DNA damage repair in Dsup+ cells in response to H2O2 and UV-C. While H2O2 treatment in Dsup+ cells only marginally involved the activation of pathways responsible for DNA repair reinforcing the idea of a direct protective effect of the protein on DNA, in UV-C exposed cells, Dsup efficiently upregulates DNA damage repair genes. In conclusion, our data may help to delineate the different mechanisms by which the Dsup protein operates in response to different insults.

scholarly journals Differential Effect of UV-B and UV-C on DNA Damage in L-132 Cells.

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki SATO ◽  
Naoto OKU ◽  
Eri IIDA ◽  
Kenji KAWAGUCHI ◽  
Kenzo YAMANAKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Uv C

scholarly journals The Tardigrade Damage Suppressor Protein Modulates Transcription Factor and DNA Repair Genes in Human Cells Treated with Hydroxyl Radicals and UV-C

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Claudia Ricci ◽  
Giulia Riolo ◽  
Carlotta Marzocchi ◽  
Jlenia Brunetti ◽  
Alessandro Pini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
H2o2 Treatment ◽  
Transcription Factor Activation ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Repair Genes

The Ramazzottius varieornatus tardigrade is an extremotolerant terrestrial invertebrate with a length of 0.1–1.0 mm. These small animals show an extraordinary tolerance to extreme conditions such as high pressure, irradiation, chemicals and dehydration. These abilities are linked to a recently discovered damage suppressor protein (Dsup). Dsup is a nucleosome-binding protein that avoids DNA damage after X-ray and oxidative stress exposure without impairing cell life in Dsup-transfected animal and plant cells. The exact “protective” role of this protein is still under study. In human cells, we confirmed that Dsup confers resistance to UV-C and H2O2 exposure compared to untransfected cells. A different transcription factor activation was also observed. In addition, a different expression of endogenous genes involved in apoptosis, cell survival and DNA repair was found in Dsup+ cells after H2O2 and UV-C. In UV-C exposed cells, Dsup efficiently upregulates DNA damage repair genes, while H2O2 treatment only marginally involves the activation of pathways responsible for DNA repair in Dsup+ cells. These data are in agreement with the idea of a direct protective effect of the protein on DNA after oxidative stress. In conclusion, our data may help to outline the different mechanisms by which the Dsup protein works in response to different insults.

Assessment of UV-C-induced water disinfection by differential PCR-based quantification of bacterial DNA damage

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Nocker ◽  
Mili Shah ◽  
Benjamin Dannenmann ◽  
Klaus Schulze-Osthoff ◽  
Jost Wingender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Uv C

Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosaBacteriophage UNL-1, a Bacterial Virus with a Novel UV-A-Inducible DNA Damage Reactivation Phenotype

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 2606-2613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie J. Shaffer ◽  
Lisa M. Jacobsen ◽  
John O. Schrader ◽  
Kit W. Lee ◽  
Eugene L. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Fold Induction ◽  
Bacterial Viruses ◽  
Uv C

ABSTRACT UNL-1, a lytic virus of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was observed to express a novel inducible DNA damage reactivation activity in UV-A-irradiated P. aeruginosa host cells. The expression of bacteriophage reactivation was quantified in hosts exposed to either UV-C or UV-A radiation. While reactivation of UV-C-damaged UNL-1 was not inducible in UV-C-irradiated host cells, an approximately 13-fold induction was observed in UV-A-irradiated host cells. When host cells were exposed to sunlight, reactivation of damaged UNL-1 virus increased eightfold. The UV-A induction of UNL-1 DNA damage reactivation was supported in hosts lacking recA gene function. This report is the first description of a recA-independent, UV-inducible virus DNA damage repair system. Our findings suggest that a combination of both host and virus DNA repair processes contribute to the persistence and sustained replication of some bacterial viruses in aquatic environments.

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