scholarly journals Human social defeat and approach–avoidance: Escalating social‐evaluative threat and threat of aggression increases social avoidance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Schlund ◽  
Hannah Carter ◽  
Gloria Cudd ◽  
Katie Murphy ◽  
Nebil Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Defeat ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Evaluative Threat ◽  
Approach Avoidance

scholarly journals Hop Bitter Acids Increase Hippocampal Dopaminergic Activity in a Mouse Model of Social Defeat Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9612
Author(s):  
Yasuhisa Ano ◽  
Shiho Kitaoka ◽  
Rena Ohya ◽  
Keiji Kondo ◽  
Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Bitter Acids

As daily lifestyle is closely associated with mental illnesses, diet-based preventive approaches are receiving attention. Supplementation with hop bitter acids such as iso-α-acids (IAA) and mature hop bitter acids (MHBA) improves mood states in healthy older adults. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Since acute oral consumption with IAA increases dopamine levels in hippocampus and improves memory impairment via vagal nerve activation, here we investigated the effects of chronic administration of hop bitter acids on the dopaminergic activity associated with emotional disturbance in a mouse model of repeated social defeat stress (R-SDS). Chronic administration of IAA and MHBA significantly increased dopaminergic activity based on the dopamine metabolite to dopamine ratio in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex following R-SDS. Hippocampal dopaminergic activity was inversely correlated with the level of R-SDS-induced social avoidance with or without IAA administration. Therefore, chronic treatment with hop bitter acids enhances stress resilience-related hippocampal dopaminergic activity.

scholarly journals Ingestion of probiotic (Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum) alters intestinal microbial structure and behavioral expression following social defeat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Partrick ◽  
Anna M. Rosenhauer ◽  
Jérémie Auger ◽  
Amanda R. Arnold ◽  
Nicole M. Ronczkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Stress ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Microbial Structure ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractSocial stress exacerbates anxious and depressive behaviors in humans. Similarly, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors are triggered by social stress in a variety of non-human animals. Here, we tested whether oral administration of the putative anxiolytic probiotic strains Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 reduces the striking increase in anxiety-like behavior and changes in gut microbiota observed following social defeat stress in Syrian hamsters. We administered the probiotic at two different doses for 21 days, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed a shift in microbial structure following probiotic administration at both doses, independently of stress. Probiotic administration at either dose increased anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 compared to placebo. Surprisingly, probiotic administration at the low dose, equivalent to the one used in humans, significantly increased social avoidance and decreased social interaction. This behavioral change was associated with a reduction in microbial richness in this group. Together, these results demonstrate that probiotic administration alters gut microbial composition and may promote an anti-inflammatory profile but that these changes may not promote reductions in behavioral responses to social stress.

Effects of ethanol on social avoidance induced by chronic social defeat stress in mice

Stress ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane A. Favoretto ◽  
Giovana C. Macedo ◽  
Isabel M. H. Quadros
Keyword(s):  
Social Defeat ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Chronic Social Defeat Stress

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture improves repeated social defeat stress-elicited social avoidance and anxiety-like behaviors by reducing Lipocalin-2 in the hippocampus

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hung Chen ◽  
Sheng-Yun Xie ◽  
Chao-Wei Chen ◽  
Dah-Yuu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase A ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Astrocyte Activation ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a trauma-related disorder that is associated with pro-inflammatory activation and neurobiological impairments in the brain and leads to a series of affective-like behaviors. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been proposed as a clinically useful therapy for several brain diseases. However, the potential role of EA treatment in PTSD and its molecular and cellular mechanisms has rarely been investigated. Methods We used an established preclinical social defeat stress mouse model to study whether EA treatment modulates PTSD-like symptoms and understand its underlying mechanisms. To this end, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to repeated social defeat stress (RSDS) for 6 consecutive days to induce symptoms of PTSD and treated with EA at Baihui (GV 20) and Dazhui (GV 14) acupoints. Results The stimulation of EA, but not needle insertion at Baihui (GV 20) and Dazhui (GV 14) acupoints effectively improved PTSD-like behaviors such as, social avoidance and anxiety-like behaviors. However, EA stimulation at the bilateral Tianzong (SI11) acupoints did not affect the PTSD-like behaviors obtained by RSDS. EA stimulation also markedly inhibited astrocyte activation in both the dorsal and ventral hippocampi of RSDS-treated mice. Using next-generation sequencing analysis, our results showed that EA stimulation attenuated RSDS-enhanced lipocalin 2 expression in the hippocampus. Importantly, using double-staining immunofluorescence, we observed that the increased lipocalin 2 expression in astrocytes by RSDS was also reduced by EA stimulation. In addition, intracerebroventricular injection of mouse recombinant lipocalin 2 protein in the lateral ventricles provoked social avoidance, anxiety-like behaviors, and the activation of astrocytes in the hippocampus. Interestingly, the overexpression of lipocalin 2 in the brain also altered the expression of stress-related genes, including monoamine oxidase A, monoamine oxidase B, mineralocorticoid receptor, and glucocorticoid receptor in the hippocampus. Conclusions This study suggests that the treatment of EA at Baihui (GV 20) and Dazhui (GV 14) acupoints improves RSDS-induced social avoidance, anxiety-like behaviors, astrocyte activation, and lipocalin 2 expression. Furthermore, our findings also indicate that lipocalin 2 expression in the brain may be an important biomarker for the development of PTSD-related symptoms.

scholarly journals Role of CRF receptor 1 antagonism in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis of male rats after intermittent social defeat stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailton Vasconcelos ◽  
Dirson J. Stein ◽  
Matheus Gallas-Lopes ◽  
Luane Landau ◽  
Luiza Behrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Stria Terminalis ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Bed Nucleus ◽  
Sweet Solution

AbstractWe recently demonstrated that the experience of brief episodes of social defeat caused impairments in social behaviors. Moreover, we provided evidence that the antagonism of corticotropin-releasing factor binding protein (CRFBP) in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) restored social approach in stressed animals. This study aimed to test the relation between corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 1 (CRFR1) located in the BNST and the establishment of social stress-disrupted behaviors in rats submitted to social defeat in the resident-intruder paradigm. Animals were tested for sweet solution preference, subjected to the elevated-plus maze (EPM), and to the social interaction three-chamber test. Social behavior was tested after BNST drug infusions. The drug used in this study was a CRF receptor 1 antagonist, CP376395 (CP), administered in two doses: 50 ng/0.20 μL/side, and 500 ng/0.20 μL/side. Saline solution was used as vehicle and administered 0.20 μL/side. Socially stressed animals (n = 11) did not differ compared to control animals (n = 11) in the EPM. Stressed animals displayed impaired social behavior, represented by a decrease in time spent in the interaction zone. The lower dose (CP 50 ng/0.20 μL/side) administered intra-BNST restored social behaviors in stressed animals. On the other hand, the higher dose of the CRFR1 antagonist (CP 500 ng/0.20 μL/side) induced social avoidance in rats without a history of agonistic confrontations. These findings implicate BNST CRFR1 signaling in the modulation of social behaviors in rats given the choice to explore an unfamiliar conspecific.

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