Transcranial Doppler waveform changes due to increased cerebrovascular resistance and raised intracranial pressure in a patient with cirrhosis: A difference in shapes, not in numbers

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurram S. Khan ◽  
Ubbo F. Wiersema
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Cerebrovascular Resistance ◽  
Doppler Waveform

Evaluation of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter and Transcranial Doppler As Noninvasive Tools to Detect Raised Intracranial Pressure in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 959-965
Author(s):  
Indar Kumar Sharawat ◽  
Ananthanarayanan Kasinathan ◽  
Arun Bansal ◽  
Jitendra Kumar Sahu ◽  
Kushaljit Singh Sodhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Nerve Sheath

The effect of mannitol on cerebral blood flow

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian H. Johnston ◽  
A. M. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebrovascular Resistance ◽  
Cerebral Metabolic Rate ◽  
Transient Rise

✓ The effect of mannitol on cerebral blood flow was studied in anesthetized baboons, both at normal and raised intracranial pressure. At normal intracranial pressure, rapid intravenous infusion of mannitol (1.5 gm/kg in 10 min) led to a sharp transient rise in cerebral blood flow during and immediately after the period of infusion. This was associated with a reduction in cerebrovascular resistance and a variable change in cerebral metabolic rate (CMRO2). Other parameters measured did not change significantly. A similar response was seen during hypercapnia. Under conditions of raised intracranial pressure (supratentorial subdural balloon) mannitol infusion did not alter cerebral blood flow in three of four animals. In the remaining animal, however, a marked increase in blood flow occurred without any concomitant change in cerebral perfusion pressure. When a further infusion of mannitol was subsequently given to these animals while the intracranial pressure was artificially maintained, there was very little change in cerebral blood flow. The possible causes of the increase in cerebral blood flow at normal intracranial pressure and the clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in raised intra-cranial pressure and in intracranial circulatory arrest

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Hassler ◽  
Helmuth Steinmetz ◽  
Jan Gawlowski
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography

✓ Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography was used to monitor 71 patients suffering from intracranial hypertension with subsequent brain death. Among these, 29 patients were also assessed for systemic arterial pressure and epidural intracranial pressure, so that a correlation between cerebral perfusion pressure and the Doppler ultrasonography waveforms could be established. Four-vessel angiography was also performed in 33 patients after clinical brain death. With increasing intracranial pressure, the transcranial Doppler ultrasonography waveforms exhibited different characteristic high-resistance profiles with first low, then zero, and then reversed diastolic flow velocities, depending on the relationship between intracranial pressure and blood pressure (that is, cerebral perfusion pressure). This study shows that transcranial. Doppler ultrasonography may be used to assess the degree of intracranial hypertension. This technique further provides a practicable, noninvasive bedside monitor of therapeutic measures.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cerebrovascular hemodynamics in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension using transcranial Doppler

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Allam ◽  
Hatem A. Almasry ◽  
Sandra M. Ahmed ◽  
Youssuf G. Taha ◽  
Mohammed I. Oraby
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder of increased intracranial pressure without a clear cause and can have serious visual effects. Previous research work suggests that transcranial Doppler measurements of pulsatility index correlate accurately with elevated intracranial pressure. Objective To assess the cerebrovascular hemodynamic changes in patients with IIH using transcranial Doppler before and after lumbar puncture and CSF withdrawal. Methods An interventional study conducted on 40 patients (31 females and 9 males) fulfilling the modified Dandy criteria for diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, MRI brain, and MRV was done to the patients. Lumbar puncture was done for all included patients to measure intracranial pressure and CSF withdrawal. Transcranial Doppler was performed for all included before and after lumbar puncture and CSF withdrawal and the following parameters were measured: peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), resistivity index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI). Results Significant relation was found between grades of papilledema and PSV, RI, and PI (p value 0.012, 0.025, 0.016) but no significant relation was found between grades of papilledema and EDV (0.102). Significant changes occurred in parameters of TCD pre- and post-CSF withdrawal including PSV, EDV, and PI (p value 0.001, 0.015, 0.019) denoting a significant change in cerebral hemodynamics after CSF withdrawal which denotes a decrease in intracranial pressure. Conclusion Increased intracranial pressure significantly affects cerebral blood flow. A normalization of transcranial Doppler parameters occurs following lowering of intracranial pressure through lumbar puncture and CSF withdrawal.

scholarly journals Duret Hemorrhage after Extradural Hematoma Evacuation–A Rare Entity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamkordor Tyngkan ◽  
Nazia Mahfouz ◽  
Sobia Bilal ◽  
Bazla Fatima ◽  
Nayil Malik
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Extradural Hematoma ◽  
Transtentorial Herniation ◽  
Hematoma Evacuation ◽  
Brainstem Injury ◽  
Acute Epidural Hematoma

AbstractTraumatic brainstem injury can be classified as primary or secondary. Secondary brainstem hemorrhage that evolves from raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and transtentorial herniation is referred to as Duret hemorrhage. We report a 25-year-old male who underwent emergency craniotomy, with evacuation of acute epidural hematoma, and postoperatively developed fatal Duret hemorrhage. Duret hemorrhage after acute epidural hematoma (EDH) evacuation is a very rare complication and the outcome is grave in most of the cases.

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