scholarly journals Sonochemical oxidation of piroxicam drug: effect of key operating parameters and degradation pathways

2017 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athina Lianou ◽  
Zacharias Frontistis ◽  
Efthalia Chatzisymeon ◽  
Maria Antonopoulou ◽  
Ioannis Konstantinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Effect ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Sonochemical Oxidation

Kinetic insights into removal of indole in aqueous solutions by ozonation: operating parameters, modeling and degradation pathways

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 4757-4778
Author(s):  
Longxin Jiang ◽  
Chunrong Wang ◽  
Xiaoya Chen ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Degradation Pathways

Highly Efficient Ru Supported on Carbon Nanosphere Nanoparticles for Ciprofloxacin Removal: Effects of Operating Parameters, Degradation Pathways, and Kinetic Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (35) ◽  
pp. 15515-15530
Author(s):  
Estrella Serra-Pérez ◽  
Corinne Ferronato ◽  
Anne Giroir-Fendler ◽  
Silvia Álvarez-Torrellas ◽  
Gabriel Ovejero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Removal

scholarly journals Improved electrochemical oxidative degradation of Reactive Red 24 dye by BDD anodes coupled with nitrate: operating parameters, kinetics, and degradation pathways

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yining Tang ◽  
Deliang He ◽  
Yanni Guo ◽  
Jun Shang ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Bdd Anode ◽  
Decolorization Efficiency ◽  
Bdd Anodes

Abstract The electrochemical oxidation (EO) process coupled with BDD anode and nitrate was used to improve Reactive Red 24 (RR24) removal efficiency in wastewater treatment. The effects of operating parameters on the decolorization efficiency of RR24 were discussed, and the optimal operating parameters were obtained as follows: 45 mA cm− 2, 100 mM SO42−, 7 mM NO3−, 60°C, pH 5.88, and 100 mg L− 1 RR24 initial concentration. The energy consumption for 100% decolorization within 15 min is 0.92 kWh m− 3, and the total organic carbon (TOC) reaches 51.35% within 90 min. Through the effect of quenchers on RR24 decolorization efficiency, various active species in the EO process were studied. It was found that •OH was closely related to the decolorization degradation of RR24, reaching a contribution rate of 99.47%. Finally, we propose the degradation pathways of RR24 by UV-Vis spectrum and LC-MS test. In summary, the proposed treatment process could be applied to treat RR24 dyes as an efficient method.

Application of Improved Voltage Compensation in the SEM to Imaging of Organic Materials

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 444-445
Author(s):  
P.J. Killingworth ◽  
M. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Incident Electron Beam ◽  
Specimen Material ◽  
Voltage Compensation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ultimate resolution in the scanning electron microscope is determined not only by the diameter of the incident electron beam, but by interaction of that beam with the specimen material. Generally, while minimum beam diameter diminishes with increasing voltage, due to the reduced effect of aberration component and magnetic interference, the excited volume within the sample increases with electron energy. Thus, for any given material and imaging signal, there is an optimum volt age to achieve best resolution.In the case of organic materials, which are in general of low density and electric ally non-conducting; and may in addition be susceptible to radiation and heat damage, the selection of correct operating parameters is extremely critical and is achiev ed by interative adjustment.

Electron sources: Past, present, and future

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 764-765
Author(s):  
David C Joy
Keyword(s):  
Glass Tube ◽  
Source Size ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Electron Sources ◽  
Difficult Decision ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Overall Performance

The electron source is the most important component of the Scanning electron microscope (SEM) since it is this which will determine the overall performance of the machine. The gun performance can be described in terms of quantities such as its brightness, its source size, its energy spread, and its stability and, depending on the chosen application, any of these factors may be the most significant one. The task of the electron gun in an SEM is, in fact, particularly difficult because of the very wide range of operational parameters that may be required e.g a variation in probe size of from a few angstroms to a few microns, and a probe current which may go from less than a pico-amp to more than a microamp. This wide range of operating parameters makes the choice of the optimum source for scanning microscopy a difficult decision.Historically, the first step up from the sealed glass tube ‘cathode ray generator’ was the simple, diode, tungsten thermionic emitter.

Predictors of onset and offset of drug effect

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl. 23) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Schnider ◽  
C. F. Minto
Keyword(s):  
Drug Effect
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