Improved methods of deposit analysis. I. Silicon, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, chloride

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 525-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Improved Methods

scholarly journals Excretion by the Malpighian Tubules of the Stick Insect, Dixippus Morosus (Orthoptera, Phasmidae): Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Phosphate and Hydrogen Ions

1956 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-708
Author(s):  
J. A. RAMSAY
Keyword(s):  
General Problem ◽  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Stick Insect ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

1. The excretion of calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate and hydrogen ions has been studied in preparations of single Malpighian tubules isolated in drops of serum under liquid paraffin. 2. The concentrations of calcium, magnesium and chloride are always lower in the urine than in the serum. 3. The concentration of phosphate is always greater in the urine than in the serum. As the concentration of phosphate in the serum increases, the rate of urine flow also increases. 4. The urine is always alkaline to the serum but becomes acid in the rectum. 5. The general problem of excretion by Malpighian tubules is briefly reviewed and discussed.

Induction of potential for sperm motility by bicarbonate and pH in rainbow trout and chum salmon

1988 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Morisawa ◽  
M. Morisawa
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Bicarbonate Concentration ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Sperm Duct ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Immotile Spermatozoa

Spermatozoa of rainbow trout and chum salmon, which have no potential for motility in the testis, acquire that potential in the sperm duct. This paper demonstrates that there is little difference between the levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride and osmolality of the seminal plasma in the testis and in the sperm duct. However, the bicarbonate concentration of the seminal plasma and the pH value of semen were higher in the sperm duct than in the testis. When immotile spermatozoa obtained from the testis were incubated in artificial seminal plasma with a high pH and containing HCO3-, spermatozoa became motile within 1 h. These results suggest that spermatozoa of salmonid fish acquire the potential for motility as a result of the increase in seminal bicarbonate concentration and pH that occurs as spermatozoa pass from the testis to the sperm duct.

scholarly journals THE SOLUBILITY AND PROPERTIES OF A PURIFIED ICHTHYOCOL IN SALT SOLUTIONS OF NEUTRAL pH

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Gallop ◽  
Sam Seifter ◽  
Edward Meilman
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Bacterial Collagenase ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Intermediate Concentration

1. Purified citrate-extracted ichthyocol obtained from carp swim bladders has been further characterized with respect to its content of certain amino acids and carbohydrate substances. 2. The degree of solubilization or dispersion of ichthyocol by solutions of certain salts maintained in the range of neutral pH and at a temperature of 0–2°C. has been determined. 3. While a number of salts of monovalent cations had no significant solubilizing effects on ichthyocol, ammonium chloride in a concentration of 1 M did cause solution of the protein. 4. Sodium thiosulfate in a range of concentrations caused the solubilization of ichthyocol but was most effective in an intermediate concentration of 0.25 M. 5. Several salts of divalent cations, in particular the chlorides of calcium, magnesium, and barium, and magnesium thiosulfate in concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 1 M caused the immediate and complete solubilization of the ichthyocol. 6. Solutions of ichthyocol in calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and sodium thiosulfate buffered or adjusted to pH 7.0, were studied with respect to intrinsic viscosity of the protein, optical rotation, ultracentrifugal sedimentation, and reconstitution into fibers. It was found in each case that the original characteristics of the collagen, as determined previously in acid solution, were maintained when the protein was dissolved in salt solutions of neutral pH. No evidence of denaturation or gelatinization could be found when ichthyocol was solubilized under the stated conditions. 7. Collagen in neutral solution with sodium thiosulfate, calcium chloride, or magnesium chloride was not attacked by trypsin as determined viscometrically at 20.0°C., but was rapidly degraded by a purified bacterial collagenase.

The comparative effects of exchangeable calcium, magnesium, and sodium on some physical properties of red-brown earth subsoils. III. The permeability of Shepparton soil and comparison of methods

Soil Research ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
AC Bakker ◽  
WW Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Divalent Cation ◽  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Viscous Drag ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Initial Flow ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Water Transmission

Beds of aggregates of Shepparton soil were leached with calcium chloride or magnesium chloride or with chloride solutions of given SAR with either calcium or magnesium as the complementary cation to bring the aggregates to a known ESP within the range 2.6-5.2. The last solution was 1 mM in the divalent cation. Water was then allowed to flow slowly through and the decrease in the flow rate measured. The permeability of aggregate beds washed with calcium or magnesium showed only a negligible decrease with time. With sodium present, the rate of decrease for a given ESP was faster the greater the initial flow rate of the water and also for smallersized aggregates. The ESP required to produce a given decrease in flow rate was reduced when magnesium was the complementary cation rather than calcium. The flow patterns are explained in terms of the rate of dispersion of clay from the aggregates in sympathy with the rate of loss of soluble salts, rather than detachment due to viscous drag. Four methods of measuring aggregate stability in water have been described in this series of papers. Their possible use to predict whether sodium in conjunction with magnesium will reduce water transmission through subsoils compared with similar calcium soils is discussed.

scholarly journals The Micro-Estimation of Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, and Sulphate in Sea Water and the Body Fluids of Marine Animals

1939 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-177
Author(s):  
J. D. ROBERTSON ◽  
D. A. WEBB
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Barium Chloride ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Ceric Sulphate

Methods are presented for the estimation of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride and sulphate in sea water and in other solutions, such as the blood and body fluids of marine animals, whose inorganic composition is similar to that of sea water. The estimations may be performed on 1 ml. samples, and the limit of error is about 2%. Sodium is precipitated and weighed as sodium zinc uranyl acetate; potassium is precipitated as potassium silver cobaltinitrite which is titrated with ceric sulphate; calcium is titrated with ceric sulphate after two precipitations as oxalate; magnesium is precipitated with hydroxyquinoline and the precipitate brominated and estimated iodometrically; chloride is treated with silver iodate and the released iodate estimated iodometrically; sulphate is titrated with barium chloride using sodium rhodizonate as indicator.

scholarly journals Study of Effects of Leachate

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 560-565
Author(s):  
Dr. S. Syed Enayathali
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Ground Water Sample ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Dissolved And Suspended Matter

Abstract: Leachate in landfill can be defined as a liquid that passes through a landfill a has extracted dissolved and suspended matter from it. Leachate generation is a major problem for municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in many countries and it causes significant threat to surface water and ground water. To find the effect of leachate in the ground, ground water sample was collected from the surrounding areas of 1 km radius away from Kodungaiyur landfill and the samples were tested for various parameters such as colour, turbidity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, fluoride, potassium, COD and BOD. Eight samples were collected from 1km away were collected. The parameters were compared with IS 10500:2012. The analysis helps us to understand how much the ground water is affected by the percolation of leachate. Keywords: Leachate, Hardness, Chloride, TDS, BOD, and COD

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