Reliance on Numerical Precision: Compatibility between Accuracy versus Efficiency Goals and Numerical Precision Level Influence Attribute Weighting in Two‐Stage Decisions

Intracluster Homogeneity Selection Problem in a Business Survey

Business Systems Research Journal ◽

10.1515/bsrj-2016-0015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 91-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Berislav Žmuk

Keyword(s):

Sampling Design ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Two Stage ◽

Optimal Value ◽

Precision Level ◽

Survey Costs ◽

Key Variables ◽

Business Survey ◽

Sampling Approach ◽

Key Questions

Abstract Background: In the cluster sampling approach many parameters have influence on lowering the survey costs and one of the most important is the intracluster homogeneity. Objectives: The goal of the paper is to find the most optimal value of intracluster homogeneity in case when two or more questions or variables have a key role in the research. Methods/Approach: Five key variables have been selected from a business survey conducted in Croatia and results for the two-stage cluster sampling design approach were simulated. The calculated intracluster homogeneity values were compared among all the five observed questions and survey costs and precision levels were inspected. Results: In the new cluster sampling design, for the fixed precision level, the lowest survey costs would be achieved by using the intracluster homogeneity value which is the closest to the average intracluster homogeneity value among all the key questions. Similar results were obtained when survey costs were held fixed. Conclusions: If there is more than one key question in the survey, then the best solution would be to use an average intracluster homogeneity value. However, one should notice that in that case minimum survey costs would not be reached, but the precision levels would increase at all key questions.

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Two-stage self-seeding method for preparation of single crystals of poly(phenylene sulfide)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100153816 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 368-369

Author(s):

Sengshiu Chung ◽

Peggy Cebe

Keyword(s):

Single Crystals ◽

High Performance ◽

Dilute Solution ◽

Two Stage ◽

Annealing Behavior ◽

High Performance Polymers ◽

Seeding Method ◽

Phenylene Sulfide

We are studying the crystallization and annealing behavior of high performance polymers, like poly(p-pheny1ene sulfide) PPS, and poly-(etheretherketone), PEEK. Our purpose is to determine whether PPS, which is similar in many ways to PEEK, undergoes reorganization during annealing. In an effort to address the issue of reorganization, we are studying solution grown single crystals of PPS as model materials.Observation of solution grown PPS crystals has been reported. Even from dilute solution, embrionic spherulites and aggregates were formed. We observe that these morphologies result when solutions containing uncrystallized polymer are cooled. To obtain samples of uniform single crystals, we have used two-stage self seeding and solution replacement techniques.

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