Counterfeit Luxury Consumption in a Social Context: The Effects on Females’ Moral Disengagement and Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajin Wang ◽  
Jennifer L. Stoner ◽  
Deborah Roedder John
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Luxury Consumption ◽  
And Behavior

The development of joint attention in blind infants

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANN E. BIGELOW
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Ecological Self ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
External Cues ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
And Behavior

There is little documentation of how and when joint attention emerges in blind infants because the study of this ability has been predominantly reliant on visual information. Ecological self-knowledge, which is necessary for joint attention, is impaired in blind infants and is evidenced by their reaching for objects on external cues, which also marks the beginning of their Stage 4 understanding of space and object. Entry into Stage 4 should occur before joint attention emerges in these infants. In a case study of two totally blind infants, the development of joint attention was longitudinally examined during Stage 4 in monthly sessions involving interactions with objects and familiar adults. The interactions were scored for behavior preliminary to joint attention, behavior liberally construed as joint attention, and behavior conservatively construed as joint attention. Behavior preliminary to joint attention occurred throughout Stage 4; behavior suggestive of joint attention by both liberal and conservative standards emerged initially in Stage 4 and became prevalent by mid to late Stage 4. The findings are discussed in terms of how they inform our thinking about the development of joint attention with respect to the importance of vision, cognition, social context, language, and early self-knowledge.

scholarly journals SUBJEKTIVITAS PEREMPUAN DALAM HAIR JEWELLERY KARYA MARGARET ATWOOD DAN THE BLUSH KARYA ELIZABETH TAYLOR/FEMALE SUBJECTIVITY IN TWO SHORT STORIES BY MARGARET ATWOOD AND ELIZABETH TAYLOR

Aksara ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-208
Author(s):  
Aquarini Priyatna ◽  
Rasus Budhyono
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Female Subjectivity ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Personal Relations ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Woman's Body

Abstrak Artikel ini membahas dua cerita pendek, yakni Hair Jewellery karya Margaret Atwood dan The Blush karya Elizabeth Taylor. Kedua cerpen menunjukkan bagaimana tokoh perempuan menegosiasi dan mengupayakan subjektivitasnya dalam suatu konteks kultural dan sosial tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana subjektivitas perempuan ditampilkan melalui deskripsi fisik tokoh utama, perilaku serta pandangan tokoh tersebut terhadap dirinya, serta bagaimana tokoh mempersepsi tubuh dalam membentuk subjektivitasnya di dalam konteks budaya yang berkelindan. Dengan berfokus pada isu tubuh dan penubuhan para tokoh perempuan, isu kelas, relasi personal para tokoh perempuan, serta bagaimana mereka melakukan perlintasan yang terus-menerus antara ranah domestik dan publik, artikel ini berargumentasi bahwa kedua cerpen menampilkan tokoh perempuan yang berusaha merangkul dan membangun subjektivitas perempuan yang feminin dan feminis. Kedua cerpen menampilkan berbagai bentuk subjektivitas yang tidak ajek dan senantiasa berproses. Subjektivitas juga digambarkan berimplikasi kepatuhan, penolakan, dan transgresi terhadap norma gender. Kata kunci: cerpen, perempuan, subjektivitas, Elizabeth Taylor, Margaret Atwood Abstract This article examines two short stories, namely Hair Jewellery by Margaret Atwood and The Blush by Elizabeth Taylor. The two stories show how the female characters negotiate and develop their subjectivities within a certain cultural and social context. The article aims to elaborate on how woman’s subjectivity is presented through the physical descriptions of the main characters, their attitude and behavior toward themselves, and how their perception of how their body contributes to the formation of their subjectivity within a cultural and social context. By focusing on the issues of woman’s body and embodiment, the female characters’ personal relations, and the continuous traversion between domestic and public spheres, the article argues that both stories present women who strive to embrace and develop feminine and feminist woman’s subjectivity. Both stories present a varied forms of subjectivity, all of which is not fixed and is always in-process. Subjectivity is also portrayed to imply different degrees of acceptance, rejection, and transgression of gender norms. Keywords: short stories, women, subjectivity, Elizabeth Taylor, Margaret Atwood 

Posthypnotic Responding Away from the Hypnotic Setting

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Barnier ◽  
Kevin M. McConkey
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Hypnotic Suggestion ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Posthypnotic Suggestion ◽  
Limited Duration

We examined posthypnotic suggestion away from the laboratory. In Experiment 1, high-hypnotizable subjects were given a post-hypnotic suggestion (of limited or unlimited duration) or a social request (of unlimited duration) to mail one postcard every day to the experimenter. Subjects given a social request rather than a posthypnotic suggestion sent more postcards, and those given a limited-duration suggestion responded differently from those given an unlimited-duration suggestion. In Experiment 2, real, hypnotized and simulating, unhypnotized subjects were given a posthypnotic suggestion, and nonhypnotic control subjects were given a social request, to mail one postcard every day; the suggestion or request was of either limited or unlimited duration. Real, hypnotized subjects sent more postcards than simulators; control subjects sent as many postcards as real, hypnotized subjects; and subjects given a suggestion or request of limited duration sent more than those given one of unlimited duration. The findings highlight the interaction of individual differences and the social context of the suggestion or request. They underscore important aspects of experience and behavior associated with posthypnotic responding away from the hypnotic setting.

scholarly journals How Does Social Context Influence Our Brain and Behavior?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Baez ◽  
Adolfo M. García ◽  
Agustín Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Brain And Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

Luxury Consumers and Luxury Brand Management in China

2014 ◽  
pp. 200-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Mo ◽  
Elyette Roux
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Luxury Brands ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Luxury Consumption ◽  
Value Perceptions ◽  
Chinese Consumer ◽  
And Behavior

Luxury consumption in emerging markets is strongly influenced by Western consumer culture. However, few academic studies have investigated the psychology and behavior of these consumers. China is one of the most important emerging luxury markets. The aim of this chapter is to investigate Chinese consumer behavior and motives regarding luxury consumption. The authors validate an updated version of Wiedmann et al.'s (2009) scale of luxury value perceptions in China to better understand Chinese consumers' luxury consumption motivations. A segmentation of Chinese luxury consumers is performed to characterize different consumption tendencies. The implications of these results are linked to an analysis of selected Chinese luxury brands to explore the avenues that may lead Chinese luxury brands to success.

Understanding the Psycho-Social Dimensions of Schools and Classrooms

Education ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Berger ◽  
Jennifer Archer
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Social Experiences ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Ultimate Purpose

Psycho-social refers to the connections between psychological and social aspects of human experience. It describes the ways in which people’s cognition, affect, and behavior, in many ways, are a product of the society or culture in which they were raised. Schools and classrooms are sites of intense psycho-social activity because it is here that young people learn to express their thoughts and emotions via interactions with teachers and other students. The importance of these individual and collective psycho-social experiences cannot be understated. The ultimate purpose of schooling is to enable young people to live fulfilling and productive lives within their cultural and social context. Given the broad scope of the term psycho-social, some difficult decisions had to be made about the content of this article. The overriding focus is given to ways in which teachers can enhance the positive psycho-social aspects of their classrooms, with an emphasis on empirical research (or reviews of empirical research) that investigate the experiences of children and adolescents. It proved impossible to cover all potential theoretical and research perspectives. The choice of research perspectives and citations for this bibliography has been guided by salience. In some cases, citations are seminal contributions to their field. In other cases, they represent particularly impactful or interesting findings.

Development of Moral Disengagement

2020 ◽  
pp. 305-326
Author(s):  
Kay Bussey
Keyword(s):  
Moral Agency ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immoral Behavior ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
And Behavior

Most people learn to distinguish right from wrong and good from bad in the early years. However, people do not always act in accord with this knowledge. Sometimes there is a mismatch between adopting moral standards and behaving in line with them. From the social cognitive theory view of moral agency, it is posited that this mismatch between standards and behavior is accommodated by invoking moral disengagement mechanisms. These mechanisms serve to exonerate immoral behavior, thereby reducing the discomfort and guilt that would typically be experienced when moral standards are violated. By justifying immoral behavior individuals are able to maintain their belief that they are moral people while behaving badly. This chapter examines the roots and developmental trajectory of moral disengagement. Social and cognitive factors associated with its development are examined along with its selective use in different contexts. Future research is needed to uncover the factors that support the use of moral disengagement mechanisms in certain contexts by some people.

scholarly journals ‘I could help, but . . .’: A dynamic sensemaking model of workplace bullying bystanders

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1718-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Ng ◽  
Karen Niven ◽  
Helge Hoel
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Sensemaking Theory ◽  
Reciprocal Influence ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Dynamic Phenomena

How do we explain the behaviour of employees who encounter workplace bullying but fail to intervene, or sometimes even join the perpetrator? We often assume that bystanders witnessing bullying will restore justice, but empirical research suggests that they may also behave in ways that continue, or worsen, its progression. Recent theories have attempted to explain the process of bystander behaviour in response to general mistreatment, but the range of acknowledged behaviours is limited, and their scope is restricted to isolated incidents rather than complex, dynamic phenomena like workplace bullying. We offer a new model of bystander behaviours in workplace bullying. We use sensemaking theory to explain how appraisals of severity, victim deservingness and efficacy influence bystanders to enact a range of possible behaviours, and how post-hoc sensemaking utilizing moral disengagement affects how bystanders appraise and respond to future bullying. We explain the influence of the social context on sensemaking and the reciprocal influence that individual bystanders have on the social context. Our model explains how bystander behaviours change over time in response to repeated incidents and how bystanders’ responses affect other bystanders’ appraisals and the bullying process, therefore providing a dynamic perspective on the role of bystanders in workplace bullying.

scholarly journals An integrative view of the signaling phenotype: Dynamic links between signals, physiology, behavior and social context

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren N. Vitousek ◽  
David M. Zonana ◽  
Rebecca J. Safran
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Dynamic Feedback ◽  
Evolutionary Time ◽  
State Behavior ◽  
Integrative View ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Signal traits are often linked with the physiological state and behavior of their bearer. Direct examination of the causal links among these variables has provided substantial insight into the information content of signals, and into the costs and benefits of signal expression. Yet recent empirical work suggests that the social context in which signals are developed and displayed can play a major role not only in how signals are received, but also in coordinating and mediating the signaling phenotype itself. Here we review both well-established and emerging evidence for direct feedbacks among an individual’s physiological state, behavior, and signal elaboration. We then describe an integrative view of signaling that takes into account the bidirectional relationships among components of phenotype and the social context in which signals are developed and displayed. Integrating dynamic feedback between context and phenotype within models of the evolution and maintenance of signals may yield insights into how signals evolve, how signaling phenotypes are coordinated and maintained on ecological and evolutionary time scales, and how static signals continue to convey relevant phenotypic information about their bearer through time.

scholarly journals The Mimicry Among Us: Intra- and Inter-Personal Mechanisms of Spontaneous Mimicry

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Arnold ◽  
Piotr Winkielman
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Associative Processes ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract This review explores spontaneous mimicry in the context of three questions. The first question concerns the role of spontaneous mimicry in processing conceptual information. The second question concerns the debate whether spontaneous mimicry is driven by simple associative processes or reflects higher-order processes such as goals, intentions, and social context. The third question addresses the implications of these debates for understanding atypical individuals and states. We review relevant literature and argue for a dynamic, context-sensitive role of spontaneous mimicry in social cognition and behavior. We highlight how the modulation of mimicry is often adaptive but also point out some cases of maladaptive modulations that impair an individuals’ engagement in social life.

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