scholarly journals Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) enhance insulin secretory response via GPR40 and adenylate cyclase (AC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Hwang ◽  
Hyo‐Sup Kim ◽  
Sang‐Man Jin ◽  
Kyoo‐Yeon Hur ◽  
Jae‐Hyeon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Secretory Response ◽  
Insulin Secretory Response

THE EFFECT OF FASTING AND SELECTIVE RE-FEEDING ON INSULIN RELEASE IN THE RAT

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Turner ◽  
D. A. B. Young
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Release ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Secretory Response ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Intestinal Hormones ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Glucose Ingestion ◽  
Glucose Test ◽  
Insulin Secretory Response

ABSTRACT The insulin secretory response in the rat to intravenous glucose was found to be greatly impaired by fasting for three days, whereas that to orally administered glucose was not significantly affected. Rats fasted for two days were given either protein or starch pellets for six hours, and then fasted for a further eighteen hours before the intravenous glucose test. The protein pre-feeding failed to affect significantly the subsequent insulin secretory response to intravenous glucose, whereas starch prefeeding greatly enhanced it. It is suggested that intestinal hormones released by glucose ingestion may exert not only an acute effect on insulin release, but also a 'priming' effect on the insulin release mechanism of the β cell, which enables it to respond to the subsequent stimulus of glucose alone.

scholarly journals Susceptibility to oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and insulin secretory response in the development of diabetes from obesity

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radivoj Kocic ◽  
Dusica Pavlovic ◽  
Gordana Kocic ◽  
Milica Pesic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Secretory Response ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Insulin Secretory Response

Background/Aim. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Recent reports indicate that obesity may induce systemic oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to potentiate oxidative stress as a factor which may aggravate peripheral insulin sensitivity and insulinsecretory response in obesity in this way to potentiate development of diabetes. The aim of the study was also to establish whether insulin-secretory response after glucagonstimulated insulin secretion is susceptible to prooxidant/ antioxidant homeostasis status, as well as to determine the extent of these changes. Methods. A mathematical model of glucose/insulin interactions and C-peptide was used to indicate the degree of insulin resistance and to assess their possible relationship with altered antioxidant/prooxidant homeostasis. The study included 24 obese healthy and 16 obese newly diagnozed non-insulin dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) as well as 20 control healthy subjects, matched in age. Results. Total plasma antioxidative capacity, erythrocyte and plasma reduced glutathione level were significantly decreased in obese diabetic patients, but also in obese healthy subjects, compared to the values in controls. The plasma lipid peroxidation products and protein carbonyl groups were significantly higher in obese diabetics, more than in obese healthy subjects, compared to the control healthy subjects. The increase of erythrocyte lipid peroxidation at basal state was shown to be more pronounced in obese daibetics, but the apparent difference was obtained in both the obese healthy subjects and obese diabetics, compared to the control values, after exposing of erythrocytes to oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Positive correlation was found between the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and index of insulin sensitivity (FIRI). Conclusion. Increased oxidative stress together with the decreased antioxidative defence seems to contribute to decreased insulin sensitivity and impaired insulin secretory response in obese diabetics, and may be hypothesized to favour the development of diabetes during obesity.

scholarly journals Defective insulin secretory response to intravenous glucose in C57Bl/6J compared to C57Bl/6N mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 848-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Fergusson ◽  
Mélanie Éthier ◽  
Mélanie Guévremont ◽  
Chloé Chrétien ◽  
Camille Attané ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Response ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Insulin Secretory Response

Uniphasic Insulin-secretory Response in the Pancreatic Vein of Dogs After an Enteric Glucose Load

Diabetes ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Chacra ◽  
Y. Fujita ◽  
A. L. Herron ◽  
H. S. Seltzer
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Response ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Insulin Secretory Response
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