Long noncoding RNAs in endometriosis: Biological functions, expressions, and mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 236 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
Bing Wei ◽  
Lei Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Biological Functions

scholarly journals Biological functions and clinical significance of long noncoding RNAs in bladder cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Xianwu Chen ◽  
Juntao Lin ◽  
Xiaodong Jin
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

AbstractBladder cancer (BCa) is one of the 10 most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a large class of noncoding RNA transcripts, consist of more than 200 nucleotides and play a significant role in the regulation of molecular interactions and cellular pathways during the occurrence and development of various cancers. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of high-throughput gene sequencing technology, several differentially expressed lncRNAs have been discovered in BCa, and their functions have been proven to have an impact on BCa development, such as cell growth and proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and drug-resistance. Furthermore, evidence suggests that lncRNAs are significantly associated with BCa patients’ clinicopathological characteristics, especially tumor grade, TNM stage, and clinical progression stage. In addition, lncRNAs have the potential to more accurately predict BCa patient prognosis, suggesting their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for BCa patients in the future. In this review, we briefly summarize and discuss recent research progress on BCa-associated lncRNAs, while focusing on their biological functions and mechanisms, clinical significance, and targeted therapy in BCa oncogenesis and malignant progression.

scholarly journals Long noncoding RNAs in intestinal epithelium homeostasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (1) ◽  
pp. C93-C100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Xiao ◽  
Myriam Gorospe ◽  
Jian-Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Mucosal Regeneration ◽  
Epithelial Barrier Function ◽  
Epithelial Homeostasis ◽  
Stressful Environments

The epithelium of the mammalian intestinal mucosa is a rapidly self-renewing tissue in the body, and its homeostasis is preserved through well-controlled mechanisms. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate a variety of biological functions and are intimately involved in the pathogenesis of diverse human diseases. Here we highlight the roles of several lncRNAs expressed in the intestinal epithelium, including uc.173, SPRY4-IT1, H19, and Gata6, in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelium, focusing on the emerging evidence of lncRNAs in the regulation of intestinal mucosal regeneration and epithelial barrier function. We also discuss recent results that the interactions between lncRNAs with microRNAs and the RNA-binding protein HuR influence epithelial homeostasis. With rapidly advancing knowledge of lncRNAs, there is also growing recognition that lncRNAs in the intestinal epithelium might be promising therapeutic targets in our efforts to protect the integrity of the intestinal epithelium in response to stressful environments.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNAs as Novel Biomarkers Have a Promising Future in Cancer Diagnostics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Shi ◽  
Ge Gao ◽  
Yingli Cao
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Tumor Biomarkers ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Sample Collection

Cancers have a high mortality rate due to lack of suitable specific early diagnosis tumor biomarkers. Emerging evidence is accumulating that lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis, tumor cells proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, extracellular lncRNAs can circulate in body fluids; they can be detected and strongly resist RNases. Many researchers have found that lncRNAs could be good candidates for tumor biomarkers and possessed high specificity, high sensitivity, and noninvasive characteristics. In this review, we summarize the detection methods and possible sources of circulating lncRNAs and outline the biological functions and expression level of the most significant lncRNAs in tissues, cell lines, and body fluids (whole blood, plasma, urine, gastric juice, and saliva) of different kinds of tumors. We evaluate the diagnostic performance of lncRNAs as tumor biomarkers. However, the biological functions and the mechanisms of circulating lncRNAs secretion have not been fully understood. The uniform normalization protocol of sample collection, lncRNAs extraction, endogenous control selection, quality assessment, and quantitative data analysis has not been established. Therefore, we put forward some recommendations that might be investigated in the future if we want to adopt lncRNAs in clinical practice.

Identification of long noncoding RNAs with machine learning methods: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Shihu Jiao ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Song Wu ◽  
Haihong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Prediction Tools ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with a length greater than 200 nucleotides. Studies have shown that they play an important role in many life activities. Dozens of lncRNAs have been characterized to some extent, and they are reported to be related to the development of diseases in a variety of cells. However, the biological functions of most lncRNAs are currently still unclear. Therefore, accurately identifying and predicting lncRNAs would be helpful for research on their biological functions. Due to the disadvantages of high cost and high resource-intensiveness of experimental methods, scientists have developed numerous computational methods to identify and predict lncRNAs in recent years. In this paper, we systematically summarize the machine learning-based lncRNAs prediction tools from several perspectives, and discuss the challenges and prospects for the future work.

scholarly journals Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Dysregulates the Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs in Placentas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-hui Li ◽  
Lin-tao Sai ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Colman I. Freel ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Type I ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Systemic Lupus

Abstract Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause placental dysfunctions, which may result in pregnancy complications. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are actively involved in the regulation of immune responses during pregnancy. The present study aimed to determine the lncRNA expression profiles in placentas from women with SLE to gain new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms in SLE pregnancies.Methods: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was performed to identify SLE-dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs in placentas from women with SLE and normal full-term (NT) pregnancies. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict biological functions of these SLE-dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs. Correlation relationships between these dysregulated lncRNAs and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores were also assessed. Results: RNA-seq analysis identified 81 dysregulated lncRNAs in SLE placentas, including 53 that were up-regulated and 28 down-regulated. Additional 221 SLE-dysregulated mRNAs were also discovered, including 209 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SLE-dysregulated genes were associated with biological functions and gene networks, such as type I interferon signaling pathway, response to hypoxia, regulation of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)/JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) cascade, response to steroid hormone, heparin binding, and insulin-like growth factor binding. Correlation analysis showed that lncRNA NONHSAT246155.1 was positively correlated (r = 0.333, P = 0.037) with SLEDAI score.Conclusions: This is the first report of the lncRNA profiles in placentas from SLE pregnancies. These results suggest that the aberrant expression and the potential regulatory function of lncRNAs in placentas may play comprehensive roles in the pathogenesis of SLE pregnancies. These lncRNAs, including NONHSAT246155.1 may potentially serve as novel therapeutic targets for SLE during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The Biological Functions of Plant Long Noncoding RNAs

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1097-1104
Author(s):  
Jee Hye Kim ◽  
Jae Bok Heo
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Biological Functions

scholarly journals Comparative genomics in the search for conserved long noncoding RNAs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Wojciech Szcześniak ◽  
Magdalena Regina Kubiak ◽  
Elżbieta Wanowska ◽  
Izabela Makałowska
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
Homologous Genes ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Review Current

Abstract Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as prominent regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes. The identification of lncRNA orthologs is essential in efforts to decipher their roles across model organisms, as homologous genes tend to have similar molecular and biological functions. The relatively high sequence plasticity of lncRNA genes compared with protein-coding genes, makes the identification of their orthologs a challenging task. This is why comparative genomics of lncRNAs requires the development of specific and, sometimes, complex approaches. Here, we briefly review current advancements and challenges associated with four levels of lncRNA conservation: genomic sequences, splicing signals, secondary structures and syntenic transcription.

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