scholarly journals Growth differentiation factor 11 locally controls anterior–posterior patterning of the axial skeleton

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (12) ◽  
pp. 23360-23368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonho Suh ◽  
Je‐Hyun Eom ◽  
Na‐Kyung Kim ◽  
Kyung Mi Woo ◽  
Jeong‐Hwa Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Regulation of anterior/posterior patterning of the axial skeleton by growth/differentiation factor 11

10.1038/10320 ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra C. McPherron ◽  
Ann M. Lawler ◽  
Se-Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Anterior Posterior

scholarly journals Axial skeleton anterior-posterior patterning is regulated through feedback regulation between Meis transcription factors and retinoic acid

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. dev193813
Author(s):  
Alejandra C. López-Delgado ◽  
Irene Delgado ◽  
Vanessa Cadenas ◽  
Fátima Sánchez-Cabo ◽  
Miguel Torres
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Hox Genes ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Paraxial Mesoderm ◽  
Hox Proteins ◽  
Skeletal Defects ◽  
Hox Protein ◽  
Anterior Posterior

ABSTRACTVertebrate axial skeletal patterning is controlled by co-linear expression of Hox genes and axial level-dependent activity of HOX protein combinations. MEIS transcription factors act as co-factors of HOX proteins and profusely bind to Hox complex DNA; however, their roles in mammalian axial patterning remain unknown. Retinoic acid (RA) is known to regulate axial skeletal element identity through the transcriptional activity of its receptors; however, whether this role is related to MEIS/HOX activity remains unknown. Here, we study the role of Meis in axial skeleton formation and its relationship to the RA pathway in mice. Meis elimination in the paraxial mesoderm produces anterior homeotic transformations and rib mis-patterning associated to alterations of the hypaxial myotome. Although Raldh2 and Meis positively regulate each other, Raldh2 elimination largely recapitulates the defects associated with Meis deficiency, and Meis overexpression rescues the axial skeletal defects in Raldh2 mutants. We propose a Meis-RA-positive feedback loop, the output of which is Meis levels, that is essential to establish anterior-posterior identities and patterning of the vertebrate axial skeleton.

scholarly journals Axial skeleton anterior-posterior patterning is regulated through feedback regulation between Meis transcription factors and retinoic acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra C. López-Delgado ◽  
Irene Delgado ◽  
Vanessa Cadenas ◽  
Fátima Sánchez-Cabo ◽  
Miguel Torres
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Hox Proteins ◽  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Skeletal Defects ◽  
Hox Protein ◽  
Anterior Posterior

ABSTRACTVertebrate axial skeletal patterning is controlled by coordinated collinear expression of Hox genes and axial level-dependent activity of Hox protein combinations. Transcription factors of the Meis family act as cofactors of Hox proteins and profusely bind to Hox complex DNA, however their roles in mammalian axial patterning have not been established. Similarly, retinoic acid (RA) is known to regulate axial skeletal element identity through the transcriptional activity of its receptors, however, whether this role is related to Meis/Hox activity in axial patterning remains unknown. Here we study the role of Meis in axial skeleton formation and its relationship to the RA pathway by characterizing Meis1, Meis2 and Raldh2 mutant mice. Meis elimination produces axial skeleton defects without affecting Hox gene transcription, including vertebral homeotic transformations and rib mis-patterning associated to defects in the hypaxial myotome. While Raldh2 and Meis positively regulate each other, Raldh2 elimination largely recapitulates the defects associated to Meis-deficiency and Meis overexpression rescues the axial skeletal defects in Raldh2 mutants. We propose a Meis-RA positive feedback loop whose output is Meis levels and is essential to establish anterior-posterior identities and pattern of the vertebrate axial skeleton.

scholarly journals Lysine demethylase 7a regulates the anterior-posterior development in mouse by modulating the transcription of Hox gene cluster

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Higashijima ◽  
Nao Nagai ◽  
Taro Kitazawa ◽  
Yumiko Kawamura ◽  
Akashi Taguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Vertebrate Development ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Body Patterning ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Lysine Demethylase ◽  
Anterior Posterior

SUMMARYTemporal and spatial colinear expression of the Hox genes determines the specification of positional identities during vertebrate development. Post-translational modifications of histones contribute to transcriptional regulation. Lysine demethylase 7A (Kdm7a) demethylates lysine 9 di-methylation of histone H3 (H3K9me2) and participates in the transcriptional activation of developmental genes. However, the role of Kdm7a during mouse embryonic development remains to be elucidated. Here, we show that Kdm7a−/− mouse exhibits an anterior homeotic transformation of the axial skeleton, including an increased number of presacral elements. Importantly, posterior Hox genes (caudally from Hox9) are specifically downregulated in the Kdm7a−/− embryo, which correlates with increased levels of H3K9me2. These observations suggest that Kdm7a controls the transcription of posterior Hox genes, likely via its demethylating activity, and thereby regulating the murine anterior-posterior development. Such epigenetic regulatory mechanisms may be harnessed for the proper control of coordinate body patterning in vertebrates.

scholarly journals Lysine demethylase 7a regulates murine anterior-posterior development by modulating the transcription of Hox gene cluster

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Higashijima ◽  
Nao Nagai ◽  
Masamichi Yamamoto ◽  
Taro Kitazawa ◽  
Yumiko K. Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Vertebrate Development ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Body Patterning ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Lysine Demethylase ◽  
Anterior Posterior

AbstractTemporal and spatial colinear expression of the Hox genes determines the specification of positional identities during vertebrate development. Post-translational modifications of histones contribute to transcriptional regulation. Lysine demethylase 7A (Kdm7a) demethylates lysine 9 or 27 di-methylation of histone H3 (H3K9me2, H3K27me2) and participates in the transcriptional activation of developmental genes. However, the role of Kdm7a during mouse embryonic development remains to be elucidated. Herein, we show that Kdm7a−/− mouse exhibits an anterior homeotic transformation of the axial skeleton, including an increased number of presacral elements. Importantly, posterior Hox genes (caudally from Hox9) are specifically downregulated in the Kdm7a−/− embryo, which correlates with increased levels of H3K9me2, not H3K27me2. These observations suggest that Kdm7a controls the transcription of posterior Hox genes, likely via its demethylating activity, and thereby regulating the murine anterior-posterior development. Such epigenetic regulatory mechanisms may be harnessed for proper control of coordinate body patterning in vertebrates.

Growth-differentiation factor-15 nach TIA oder ischämischem Schlaganfall bestimmt das klinische Outcome

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (S 02) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Worthmann ◽  
T Kempf ◽  
AB Tryc ◽  
A Goldbecker ◽  
YT Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Differentiation Factor

Growth differentiation factor 11 mitigates liver fibrosis via expansion of liver progenitor cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Dai ◽  
G Song ◽  
A Balakrishnan ◽  
Q Yuan ◽  
T Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Differentiation Factor
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