Whole body ARHGAP21 reduction improves glucose homeostasis in high-fat diet obese mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (9) ◽  
pp. 7112-7119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela M. Soares ◽  
Lucas Zangerolamo ◽  
Elis G. Azevedo ◽  
Jose M. Costa-Júnior ◽  
Everardo M. Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Antiobesity Effect of a Novel Herbal Formulation LI85008F in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hak Joo Choi ◽  
Hwa Young Kim ◽  
Kyoung Sik Park
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Herbal Formulation

A variety of natural products have been explored for their antiobesity potential and widely used to develop dietary supplements for the prevention of weight gain from excess body fat. In an attempt to find a natural antiobesity agent, this study was designed to evaluate the antiobesity activity of a novel herbal formulation LI85008F composed of extracts from three medicinal plants in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese mice. After the thirteen-week oral administration of the test materials to mice, the body weight gain, whole-body fat mass, adipose tissue weight, and the expression levels of obesity-related proteins were measured. Our results indicated that LI85008F can suppress body weight gain and lower whole-body fat mass in HFD-induced obese mice. Significant decreases in epididymal and retroperitoneal fat mass were observed in LI85008F-treated groups compared with the HFD-fed control group ( p < 0.05 ). Furthermore, the oral administration of LI85008F caused significant decreases in the expression level of adipogenic (C/EBPα and PPARγ) and lipogenic (ACC) markers and notable increases in the production level of thermogenetic (AMPKα, PGC1α and UCP1) and lipolytic (HSL) proteins. These findings suggest that LI85008F holds great promise for a novel herbal formulation with antiobesity activities, preventing body fat accumulation and altering lipid metabolism.

Soyasaponins Reduce Inflammation and Improve Serum Lipid Profiles and Glucose Homeostasis in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (19) ◽  
pp. 1800205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunying Xie ◽  
Xiangfu Gu ◽  
Junbin Chen ◽  
Minshun Liu ◽  
Fei Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Adiponectin Corrects High-Fat Diet-Induced Disturbances in Muscle Metabolomic Profile and Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis

Diabetes ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
S. Turdi ◽  
T. Park ◽  
N. J. Morris ◽  
Y. Deshaies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolomic Profile ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Semen Cuscutae Administration Improves Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Adiposity in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3035
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Moon ◽  
Min Jin Ha ◽  
Min-Jeong Shin ◽  
Oh Yoen Kim ◽  
Eun Hye Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
No Production ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Lipid

Since arginase has been shown to compete with nitric oxide (NO) synthase, emerging evidence has reported that arginase inhibition improves obesity by increasing NO production. Semen cuscutae (SC), which is a well-known Chinese medicine, has multiple biological functions such as anti-oxidant function and immune regulation. In this study, we investigated whether the SC as a natural arginase inhibitor influences hepatic lipid abnormalities and whole-body adiposity in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. The lipid accumulation was significantly reduced by SC treatment in oleic acid-induced hepatic steatosis in vitro. Additionally, SC supplementation substantially lowered HFD-induced increases in arginase activity and weights of liver and visceral fat tissue, while increasing hepatic NO. Furthermore, elevated mRNA expressions of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP-1c), fatty-acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ)1, and PPAR-γ2 in HFD-fed mice were significantly attenuated by SC supplementation. Taken together, SC, as a novel natural arginase inhibitor, showed anti-obesity properties by modulating hepatic arginase and NO production and metabolic pathways related to hepatic triglyceride (TG) metabolism.

scholarly journals Lysophosphatidic acid impairs glucose homeostasis and inhibits insulin secretion in high-fat diet obese mice

Diabetologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1394-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rancoule ◽  
C. Attané ◽  
S. Grès ◽  
A. Fournel ◽  
R. Dusaulcy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals ANGPTL4 from adipose, but not liver, is responsible for regulating plasma triglyceride partitioning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Spitler ◽  
Shwetha K. Shetty ◽  
Emily M. Cushing ◽  
Kelli L. Sylvers-Davie ◽  
Brandon S.J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Plasma Triglyceride ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Deficient Mice

ABSTRACTElevated plasma triglyceride levels are associated with metabolic disease. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) regulates plasma triglyceride levels by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Our aim was to investigate the role of tissue-specific ANGPTL4 expression in the setting of high fat diet. Adipocyte- and hepatocyte-specific ANGPTL4 deficient mice were fed a high fat diet (60% kCal from fat) for either 12 weeks or 6 months. We performed plasma metabolic measurements, triglyceride clearance and uptake assays, LPL activity assays, and assessed glucose homeostasis. Mice lacking adipocyte ANGPTL4 recapitulated the triglyceride phenotypes of whole-body ANGPTL4 deficiency, whereas mice lacking hepatocyte ANGPTL4 had few triglyceride phenotypes. When fed a high fat diet (HFD), mice deficient in adipocyte ANGPTL4 gained more weight, had enhanced adipose LPL activity, and initially had improved glucose and insulin sensitivity. However, this improvement was largely lost after 6 months on HFD. Conversely, mice deficient in hepatocyte ANGPTL4 initially displayed no differences in glucose homeostasis, but began to manifest improved glucose tolerance after 6 months on HFD. We conclude that it is primarily adipocyte-derived ANGPTL4 that is responsible for regulating plasma triglyceride levels. Deficiency in adipocyte- or hepatocyte-derived ANGPTL4 may confer some protections against high fat diet induced dysregulation of glucose homeostasis.

scholarly journals Aerobic Exercise Increases Meteorin-Like Protein in Muscle and Adipose Tissue of Chronic High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Yong Bae
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Exercise Induced

Upregulated meteorin-like (Metrnl) protein in peripheral tissues because of exercise-induced increases in intramuscular Metrnl may effectively alleviate obesity by improving metabolism in whole-body tissues. The objective was to analyse the effects of regular treadmill exercise on Metrnl levels in muscle and peripheral tissues of chronic high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese mice. Forty-eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were first divided equally into normal-diet (CO) and high-fat diet (HF) groups. Following 16 weeks of a HFD, each group was again split equally into control (CO, HF) and training groups (COT, HFT). The HFT group expressed significantly higher phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), AMPK activity, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α(PGC-1α) in muscle tissue than the HF group (p<0.05). Similar to muscle energy sensing network protein levels, the HFT group also expressed significantly higher muscle, plasma, and adipose tissue Metrnl (p<0.05). Moreover, regular exercise increased acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX-1) and monoglyceride lipase (MGL) expression in adipose tissue (p<0.05) and significantly decreased abdominal fat mass (p<0.05). This study suggests that exercise-induced muscle Metrnl effectively reduces fat accumulation through the increase of Metrnl in adipose tissue, which may be a therapeutic target for chronic obesity.

scholarly journals Effects of different intensities of physical exercise on insulin sensitivity and protein kinase B/Akt activity in skeletal muscle of obese mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Marinho ◽  
Leandro Pereira de Moura ◽  
Bárbara de Almeida Rodrigues ◽  
Luciana Santos Souza Pauli ◽  
Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat

Objective : To investigate the effects of different intensities of acute exercise on insulin sensitivity and protein kinase B/Akt activity in skeletal muscle of obese mice. Methods : Swiss mice were randomly divided into four groups, and fed either a standard diet (control group) or high fat diet (obese sedentary group and obese exercise group 1 and 2) for 12 weeks. Two different exercise protocols were used: swimming for 1 hour with or without an overload of 5% body weight. The insulin tolerance test was performed to estimate whole-body sensitivity. Western blot technique was used to determine protein levels of protein kinase B/Akt and phosphorylation by protein Kinase B/Akt in mice skeletal muscle. Results : A single bout of exercise inhibited the high fat diet-induced insulin resistance. There was increase in phosphorylation by protein kinase B/Akt serine, improve in insulin signaling and reduce of fasting glucose in mice that swam for 1 hour without overload and mice that swan for 1 hour with overload of 5%. However, no significant differences were seen between exercised groups. Conclusion : Regardless of intensity, aerobic exercise was able to improve insulin sensitivity and phosphorylation by protein kinase B/Ak, and proved to be a good form of treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes.

Impact of human visceral and glutealfemoral adipose tissue transplant on glycemic control in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. E519-E528
Author(s):  
Thomas Tsiloulis ◽  
Arthe Raajendiran ◽  
Stacey N. Keenan ◽  
Geraldine Ooi ◽  
Renea A. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Tissue Transplant

Regional distribution of adipose tissue is an important factor in conferring cardiometabolic risk and obesity-related morbidity. We tested the hypothesis that human visceral adipose tissue (VAT) impairs glucose homeostasis, whereas subcutaneous glutealfemoral adipose tissue (GFAT) protects against the development of impaired glucose homeostasis in mice. VAT and GFAT were collected from patients undergoing bariatric surgery and grafted onto the epididymal adipose tissue of weight- and age-matched severe, combined immunodeficient mice. SHAM mice underwent surgery without transplant of tissue. Mice were fed a high-fat diet after xenograft. Energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, and insulin sensitivity were assessed 6 wk later. Xenograft of human adipose tissues was successful, as determined by histology, immunohistochemical evaluation of collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and maintenance of lipolytic function. Adipose tissue transplant did not affect energy expenditure, food intake, whole body substrate partitioning, or plasma free fatty acid, triglyceride, and insulin levels. Fasting blood glucose was significantly reduced in GFAT and VAT compared with SHAM, whereas glucose tolerance was improved only in mice transplanted with VAT compared with SHAM mice. This improvement was not associated with differences in whole body insulin sensitivity or plasma insulin between groups. Together, these data suggest that VAT improves glycemic control and GFAT does not protect against the development of high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance. Hence, the intrinsic properties of VAT and GFAT do not necessarily explain the postulated negative and positive effects of these adipose tissue depots on metabolic health.

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