Lipidomic analysis of phospholipids from human mammary epithelial and breast cancer cell lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Luísa Dória ◽  
Cândida Z. Cotrim ◽  
Cláudia Simões ◽  
Bárbara Macedo ◽  
Pedro Domingues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Lipidomic Analysis ◽  
Human Mammary Epithelial

scholarly journals Profiling Flavonoid Cytotoxicity in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Determination of Structure-Function Relationships

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Yadegarynia ◽  
Anh Pham ◽  
Alex Ng ◽  
Duong Nguyen ◽  
Tetiana Lialiutska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mitochondrial Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Permeability

Flavonoids have been shown to be cytotoxic to cancer cells. However, the mechanism of cytotoxicity has not been clearly defined. It has previously been reported that HER2/ERBB2, the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and p53 were required for flavonoid induced cytotoxicity in breast cancer cell lines. We have used a panel of breast cancer cell lines, known to contain as well as be deficient in these signaling pathways, to screen fourteen different flavonoids. Comparing the cytotoxicity for all flavonoids allows us to determine if a structure-functional relationship exists between cytotoxicity and flavonoid, and if a particular signaling pathway is required for cytotoxicity. We show that several flavonoids are cytotoxic to all cell lines including primary mammary epithelial cells tested. The cytotoxic flavonoids are also able to inhibit Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeability while at the same time stimulate ATP levels whereas the non-cytotoxic flavonoids are not able to do this. We also show that both cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic flavonoids can transverse the cell membrane to enter MDA-MB-231 cells at different levels. Finally, all flavonoids regardless of their cytotoxicity were able to induce some form of cell cycle arrest. We conclude that for flavonoids to be strongly cytotoxic, they must possess the 2,3-double bond in the C-ring and we believe the cytotoxicity occurs through mitochondrial poisoning in both cancer and normal cells.

scholarly journals Profiling Flavonoid Cytotoxicity in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Determination of Structure-Function Relationships

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Yadegarynia ◽  
Anh Pham ◽  
Alex Ng ◽  
Duong Nguyen ◽  
Tetiana Lialiutska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mitochondrial Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Permeability

Flavonoids have been shown to be cytotoxic to cancer cells. However, the mechanism of cytotoxicity has not been clearly defined. It has previously been reported that HER2/ERBB2, the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and p53 were required for flavonoid induced cytotoxicity in breast cancer cell lines. We have used a panel of breast cancer cell lines, known to contain as well as be deficient in these signaling pathways, to screen fourteen different flavonoids. Comparing the cytotoxicity for all flavonoids allows us to determine if a structure-functional relationship exists between cytotoxicity and flavonoid, and if a particular signaling pathway is required for cytotoxicity. We show that several flavonoids are cytotoxic to all cell lines including primary mammary epithelial cells tested. The cytotoxic flavonoids are also able to inhibit Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeability while at the same time stimulate ATP levels whereas the non-cytotoxic flavonoids are not able to do this. We also show that both cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic flavonoids can transverse the cell membrane to enter MDA-MB-231 cells at different levels. Finally, all flavonoids regardless of their cytotoxicity were able to induce some form of cell cycle arrest. We conclude that for flavonoids to be strongly cytotoxic, they must possess the 2,3-double bond in the C-ring and we believe the cytotoxicity occurs through mitochondrial poisoning in both cancer and normal cells.

scholarly journals Oncogenic PIK3CA mutations increase dependency on the mRNA cap methyltransferase, RNMT, in breast cancer cells

Open Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 190052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sianadh Dunn ◽  
Olivia Lombardi ◽  
Radoslaw Lukoszek ◽  
Victoria H. Cowling
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Pik3ca Mutations

Basic mechanisms in gene expression are currently being investigated as targets in cancer therapeutics. One such fundamental process is the addition of the cap to pre-mRNA, which recruits mediators of mRNA processing and translation initiation. Maturation of the cap involves mRNA cap guanosine N-7 methylation, catalysed by RNMT (RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase). In a panel of breast cancer cell lines, we investigated whether all are equivalently dependent on RNMT for proliferation. When cellular RNMT activity was experimentally reduced by 50%, the proliferation rate of non-transformed mammary epithelial cells was unchanged, whereas a subset of breast cancer cell lines exhibited reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis. Most of the cell lines which exhibited enhanced dependency on RNMT harboured oncogenic mutations in PIK3CA, which encodes the p110α subunit of PI3Kα. Conversely, all cell lines insensitive to RNMT depletion expressed wild-type PIK3CA. Expression of oncogenic PIK3CA mutants, which increase PI3K p110α activity, was sufficient to increase dependency on RNMT. Conversely, inhibition of PI3Kα reversed dependency on RNMT, suggesting that PI3Kα signalling is required. Collectively, these findings provide evidence to support RNMT as a therapeutic target in breast cancer and suggest that therapies targeting RNMT would be most valuable in a PIK3CA mutant background.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the antiproliferative effects of the HASPIN inhibitor CHR-6494 in breast cancer cell lines

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249912
Author(s):  
Hisayo Nishida-Fukuda ◽  
Keizo Tokuhiro ◽  
Yukio Ando ◽  
Hiroaki Matsushita ◽  
Morimasa Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects

HASPIN is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates mitosis by phosphorylating histone H3 at threonine 3. The expression levels of HASPIN in various cancers are associated with tumor malignancy and poor survival, suggesting that HASPIN inhibition may suppress cancer growth. As HASPIN mRNA levels are elevated in human breast cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, we examined the growth-suppressive effects of CHR-6494, a potent HASPIN inhibitor, in breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. We found that HASPIN was expressed in breast cancer cells of all molecular subtypes, as well as in immortalized mammary epithelial cells. HASPIN expression levels appeared to be correlated with the cell growth rate but not the molecular subtype of breast cancer. CHR-6494 exhibited potent antiproliferative effects against breast cancer cell lines and immortalized mammary epithelial cells in vitro, but failed to inhibit the growth of MDA-MB-231 xenografted tumors under conditions that have significant effects in a colorectal cancer model. These results imply that CHR-6494 does have antiproliferative effects in some situations, and further drug screening efforts are anticipated to identify more potent and selective HASPIN inhibition for use as an anticancer agent in breast cancer patients.

Cytotoxic activity and anti-cancer potential of Ontario grown onion extracts against breast cancer cell lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Fragis ◽  
Abdulmonem I. Murayyan ◽  
Suresh Neethirajan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cancer Line ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among Canadian women. Cancer management through changes in lifestyle, such as increased intake of foods rich in dietary flavonoids, have been shown to decrease the risk associated with breast, liver, colorectal, and upper-digestive cancers in epidemiologic studies. Onions are high in flavonoid content and one of the most common vegetables. Additionally, onions are used in most Canadian cuisines.Methods: We investigated the effect of five prominent Ontario grown onion (Stanley, Ruby Ring, LaSalle, Fortress, and Safrane) extracts on two subtypes of breast cancer cell lines: a triple negative breast cancer line MDA-MB-231 and an ER+ breast cancer line MCF-7.Results: These onion extracts elicited strong anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and cytotoxic activities on both the cancer cell lines. Flavonoids present in these onion extracts induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential at dose-dependent concentrations. Onion extracts were more effective against MDA-MB-231 compared to the MCF-7 cell line. Conclusion: In this study, we investigated the extracts synthesized from Ontario-grown onion varieties in inducing anti-migratory, cytostatic, and cytotoxic activities in two sub-types of human breast cancer cell lines. Anti-tumor activity of these extracts depends upon the varietal and can be formulated into nutraceuticals and functional foods for the wellbeing of cancer patients. Overall, the results suggest that onion extracts are a good source of flavonoids with anti-cancerous properties.Keywords: onion extracts; flavonoids; anti-proliferative; breast cancer; cytotoxic activity

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