Effect of high fat diet enriched with unsaturated and diet rich in saturated fatty acids on sphingolipid metabolism in rat skeletal muscle

2010 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 786-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Blachnio-Zabielska ◽  
Marcin Baranowski ◽  
Piotr Zabielski ◽  
Jan Gorski
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fat quantity and composition on fasting and postprandial levels of coagulation factor VII and serum choline-containing phospholipids

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Schou Lindman ◽  
Hanne Müller ◽  
Ingebjørg Seljeflot ◽  
Hans Prydz ◽  
Marit Veierød ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Coagulation Factor Vii ◽  
Low Fat Diet

Dietary fat influences plasma levels of coagulation factor VII (FVII) and serum phospholipids (PL). It is, however, unknown if the fat-mediated changes in FVII are linked to PL. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary fat on fasting and postprandial levels of activated FVII (FVIIa), FVII coagulant activity (FVIIc), FVII protein (FVIIag) and choline-containing PL (PC). In a randomized single-blinded crossover-designed study a high-fat diet (HSAFA), a low-fat diet (LSAFA), both rich in saturated fatty acids, and a high-fat diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) were consumed for 3 weeks. Twenty-five healthy females, in which postprandial responses were studied in a subset of twelve, were included. The HSAFA diet resulted in higher levels of fasting FVIIa and PC compared with the LSAFA and the HUFA diets (all comparisonsP≤0·01). The fasting PC levels after the LSAFA diet were also higher than after the HUFA diet (P<0·001). Postprandial levels of FVIIa and PC were highest on the HSAFA diet and different from LSAFA and HUFA (all comparisonsP≤0·05). Postprandial FVIIa was higher on the HUFA compared with the LSAFA diet (P<0·03), whereas the HUFA diet resulted in lower postprandial levels of PC than the LSAFA diet (P<0·001). Significant correlations between fasting levels of PC and FVIIc were found on all diets, whereas FVIIag was correlated to PC on the HSAFA and HUFA diet. The present results indicate that dietary fat, both quality and quantity, influences fasting and postprandial levels of FVIIa and PC. Although significant associations between fasting FVII and PC levels were found, our results do not support the assumption that postprandial FVII activation is linked to serum PC.

The effect of high fat diet and saturated fatty acids on insulin signaling in the amygdala and hypothalamus of rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 1537 ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoungil Oh ◽  
Stephane Boghossian ◽  
David A. York ◽  
MieJung Park-York
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
High Fat

Effect Of High Fat Diet On FABP And Mitochondrial Enzymes In Rat Skeletal Muscle

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S380
Author(s):  
Akira Nakatani ◽  
Hiroki Minamioka ◽  
Daiki Mizumoto ◽  
Megumi Hashimoto ◽  
Izumi Tabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle

Effect Of High Fat Diet On FABP And Mitochondrial Enzymes In Rat Skeletal Muscle

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S380
Author(s):  
Akira Nakatani ◽  
Hiroki Minamioka ◽  
Daiki Mizumoto ◽  
Megumi Hashimoto ◽  
Izumi Tabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Survival and Decrease Bacterial Load during Septic Staphylococcus aureus Infection and Improve Neutrophil Function in Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 514-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L. Svahn ◽  
Louise Grahnemo ◽  
Vilborg Pálsdóttir ◽  
Intawat Nookaew ◽  
Karl Wendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Content Type

Severe infection, including sepsis, is an increasing clinical problem that causes prolonged morbidity and substantial mortality. At present, antibiotics are essentially the only pharmacological treatment for sepsis. The incidence of resistance to antibiotics is increasing; therefore, it is critical to find new therapies for sepsis.Staphylococcus aureusis a major cause of septic mortality. Neutrophils play an important role in the defense against bacterial infections. We have shown that a diet with high levels of dietary saturated fatty acids decreases survival in septic mice, but the mechanisms behind this remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the differences in dietary fat composition affect survival and bacterial load after experimental septic infection and neutrophil function in uninfected mice. We found that, afterS. aureusinfection, mice fed a polyunsaturated high-fat diet (HFD-P) for 8 weeks had increased survival and decreased bacterial load during sepsis compared with mice fed a saturated high-fat diet (HFD-S), similar to mice fed a low-fat diet (LFD). Uninfected mice fed HFD-P had a higher frequency of neutrophils in bone marrow than mice fed HFD-S. In addition, mice fed HFD-P had a higher frequency of neutrophils recruited to the site of inflammation in response to peritoneal injection of thioglycolate than mice fed HFD-S. Differences between the proportion of dietary protein and carbohydrate did not affect septic survival at all. In conclusion, polyunsaturated dietary fat increased both survival and efficiency of bacterial clearance during septicS. aureusinfection. Moreover, this diet increased the frequency and chemotaxis of neutrophils, key components of the immune response toS. aureusinfections.

Elevated n-3 fatty acids in a high-fat diet attenuate the increase in PDH kinase activity but not PDH activity in human skeletal muscle

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin A. Turvey ◽  
George J. F. Heigenhauser ◽  
Michelle Parolin ◽  
Sandra J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

We tested the hypothesis that a high-fat diet (75% fat; 5% carbohydrates; 20% protein), for which 15% of the fat content was substituted with n-3 fatty acids, would not exhibit the diet-induced increase in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) activity, which is normally observed in human skeletal muscle. The fat content was the same in both the regular high-fat diet (HF) and in the n-3-substituted diet (N3). PDK activity increased after both high-fat diets, but the increase was attenuated after the N3 diet (0.051 ± 0.007 and 0.218 ± 0.047 min−1 for pre- and post-HF, respectively; vs. 0.073 ± 0.016 and 0.133 ± 0.032 min−1 for pre- and post-N3, respectively). However, the active form of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHa) activity decreased to a similar extent in both conditions (0.93 ± 0.17 and 0.43 ± 0.09 mmol/kg wet wt pre- and post-HF; vs. 0.87 ± 0.19 and 0.39 ± 0.05 mmol/kg wet wt pre- and post-N3, respectively). This suggested that the difference in PDK activity did not affect PDHa activation in the basal state, and it was regulated by intramitochondrial effectors, primarily muscle pyruvate concentration. Muscle glycogen content was consistent throughout the study, before and after both diet conditions, whereas muscle glucose-6-phosphate, glycerol-3-phosphate, lactate, and pyruvate were decreased after the high-fat diets. Plasma triglycerides decreased after both high-fat diets but decreased to a greater extent after the N3, whereas plasma free fatty acids increased after both diets, but to a lesser extent after the N3. In summary, PDK activity is decreased after a high-fat diet that is rich in n-3 fatty acids, although PDHa activity was unaltered. In addition, our data demonstrated that the hypolipidemic effect of n-3 fatty acids occurs earlier (3 days) than previously reported and is evident even when the diet has 75% of its total energy derived from fat.

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