All-trans retinoic acid prevents angiotensin II- and mechanical stretch-induced reactive oxygen species generation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 215 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Choudhary ◽  
Kenneth M. Baker ◽  
Jing Pan
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid

scholarly journals Overexpression of ATG5 Gene Makes Granulocyte-Like HL-60 Susceptible to Release Reactive Oxygen Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Mroczek ◽  
Adrianna Cieloch ◽  
Aneta Manda-Handzlik ◽  
Weronika Kuźmicka ◽  
Angelika Muchowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis

Neutrophils represent the first line of defense against pathogens using various strategies, such as phagocytosis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. Recently, an autophagy-independent role of autophagy related (ATG) gene 5 in immune cells, including neutrophils, was emphasized. Our aim was to investigate the role of ATG5 protein in neutrophils’ antimicrobial functions, proliferation and apoptosis. To this end, we used genetically modified human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells overexpressing ATG5, differentiated toward granulocyte-like cells with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and dimethylformamide. The level of differentiation, phagocytosis, proliferation and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. ROS production and NETs release was assessed by fluorometry and fluorescent microscopy. ATG5 gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR, whereas the protein level of ATG5 and LC3-II was determined by Western blot. We did not observe the induction of autophagy in differentiated HL-60 cells overexpressing ATG5. The increased expression of ATG5 affects the differentiation of HL-60 cells with ATRA, ROS production and phagocytosis. However, we did not detect changes in NETs release. Moreover, ATG5 protects differentiated HL-60 cells from apoptosis but does not cause changes in proliferation rate.

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