The social context of nonsuicidal self‐injury: Links to severity, suicide risk, and social factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. O'Loughlin ◽  
Brenna Gomer ◽  
Brooke A. Ammerman
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

scholarly journals Understanding the social context of adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2107-2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Victor ◽  
Elisha David Klonsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Cognition On Tap

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
James Steinhoff
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Algorithmic Bias ◽  
Development And Evolution ◽  
Do So

Abstract The thriving contemporary form of artificial intelligence (AI) called machine learning is often represented sensationally in popular media as a semi-mystical technology. Machine learning systems are frequently ascribed anthropomorphic capacities for learning, emoting and reasoning which, it is suggested, might lead to the alleviation of humanity’s woes. One critical reaction to such sensational proclamations has been to focus on the mundane reality of contemporary machine learning as mere inductive prediction based on statistical generalizations, albeit with surprisingly powerful abilities (Pasquinelli 2017). While the deflationist reaction is a necessary reply to sensationalist agitation, adequate comprehension of modern AI cannot be achieved while neglecting its material and social context. One does not have to subscribe wholeheartedly to the social construction of technology thesis1 to allow that the development and evolution of technologies are influenced by social factors. For AI, the most important aspect of the current social context is arguably capital, which increasingly dominates AI research and production. One former computer science professor describes a “giant sucking sound of [AI] academics going into industry” (Metz 2017). This paper introduces capital’s theory of AI as utility and initiates a discussion on its social consequences. First, I discuss utilities and their infrastructures and introduce a few critical thoughts on the topic. Second, I situate modern AI by way of a brief history. Third, I detail capital’s view of AI as a utility and the technical details underpinning it. Fourth, I sketch how AI as a utility frames a social problematic beyond the important issues of algorithmic bias and the automation of work. I do so by extrapolating from one consequence of AI as a utility which multiple capitalist firms predict: the curation of human subjectivities.

It’s complicated: Sex and the BDSM subculture

Sexualities ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 136346072096130
Author(s):  
Julie Fennell
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Drawing from extensive insider ethnographic work and an internet survey with a convenience sample of 1642 BDSM practitioners, I show that the social context of the BDSM subculture has a profound impact on pansexual BDSM practitioners’ interpretation of the relationship between BDSM and sex. Greater involvement in the public BDSM subculture and participation in feminine Dominance/masculine submission are both strongly associated with less preference for and experience of sexual BDSM. Greater involvement in the BDSM subculture increases participants’ likelihood of viewing their sexuality in terms of BDSM but decreases their likelihood of viewing BDSM in sexual terms. BDSM practitioners who meet new BDSM partners in BDSM subcultural contexts, even ones where sex is allowed, are much less likely to have sex with their partners than practitioners who met anywhere else. I argue that research should focus more on the social factors that influence participants’ experience and interpretation of BDSM, particularly on the influence of the BDSM subculture, and that theorists should think more broadly about the social determinants of “sex” and “sexual experience.”

Nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide risk among adolescents

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Lofthouse ◽  
Jennifer Yager-Schweller
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

scholarly journals “Clinician Knows Best”? Injustices in the Medicalization of Mental Illness

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Gosselin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Control

This paper uses a non-ideal theory approach advocated for by Alison Jaggar to show that practices involved with the medicalization of serious mental disorders can subject people who have these disorders to a cycle of vulnerability that keeps them trapped within systems of injustice. When medicalization locates mental disorders solely as problems of individual biology, without regard to social factors, and when it treats mental disorders as personal defects, it perpetuates injustice in several ways: by enabling biased diagnoses through stereotyping, by exploiting and coercing people who are seen as insufficiently competent, and by perpetuating idealized conceptions of choice and control that do not take into account people’s real limitations and the social context of health. Through practices of diagnosis, treatment, and recovery, medicalization can perpetuate injustices toward people who have serious mental disorders.

Examining the Time to Transition From Nonsuicidal Self-Injury to Suicide Attempt

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Caitlin O'Loughlin ◽  
Taylor A. Burke ◽  
Brooke A. Ammerman
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Abstract. Background: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a strong predictor of suicide attempts (SA). Characteristics of NSSI have been shown to influence the NSSI–SA relationship; however, the temporal nature of this association is understudied. Aims: This study aimed to elucidate the NSSI-SA relationship by examining the association between NSSI characteristics and time lapsed from NSSI onset to first SA. Method: Participants were 111 individuals with a history of NSSI that preceded their first SA who completed a series of self-report measures. Results: NSSI methods of cutting and burning, and the anti-dissociation function, were associated with a shorter transition time from NSSI to SA. Earlier age of NSSI onset and the interpersonal boundaries function were related to a longer time to transition. Limitations: This sample size was limited, and data were collected cross-sectionally. Conclusion: Findings provide foundational knowledge regarding NSSI characteristics to inform theoretical models of the NSSI–SA association. This information can inform suicide risk assessments among those with a history of NSSI.

Predictors of Suicide Risk Among Individuals Engaging in Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail L. Jenkins ◽  
Jonathan Singer ◽  
Shawna Calhoun ◽  
Stephanie Ewing ◽  
Bradley T. Conner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

The double burden of treating traumatic stress in low-resource communities: experiences and perspectives of non-specialist health workers in South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 008124632098405
Author(s):  
Duane D. Booysen ◽  
Ashraf Kagee
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Social

Considering the global trend towards the dissemination and implementation of trauma-focused treatments in the majority of the world, it is imperative to ascertain the contextual factors which affect the treatment of traumatic stress, especially in low- and middle-income countries characterised by ongoing adversity such as poverty and increased levels of trauma exposure. We explored the experiences of non-specialist health workers whose work involved providing trauma-focused services in low-resource communities in South Africa. Participants ( n = 18) worked at four non-governmental organisations in the Eastern Cape and Western Cape of South Africa. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted and analysed using a phenomenologically informed thematic analysis. Two superordinate themes were identified, namely, adjusting to trauma-focused work and trauma in the social context. Five themes that made up the superordinate themes were Encountering Trauma Narratives, Support and Resilience, Going the Extra Mile, Helplessness, and Social Factors. The findings are not only in keeping with the psychological risks of trauma-focused work (e.g., vicarious traumatisation) but also highlighting the impact of the social context on the provision of trauma-focused work. Participants reported experiencing an added burden of helplessness due to social factors, such as poverty and high levels of trauma exposure, which affect the process of treating traumatic stress in low-resource settings. We discuss how these findings can contribute to efforts to implement trauma-focused services in low- and middle-income countries.

scholarly journals Analysis of social factors of the harry potter bullied In harry potter and the sorcere's stone Joanne kathleen rowling’s

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-216
Author(s):  
Resti Hartika
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Harry Potter ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Social

This research aims to analyze to illustrate the kind of bully action that do Dursleys, Draco Malfoy and Professor Severus Snape in Harry Potter. To describe the factors that trigger the Dursleys, Draco Malfoy and Professor Severus Snape take action against bully Harry Potter. To illustrate the social impact of the bully acts committed by the Dursleys, Draco Malfoy and Professor Severus Snape in Harry Potter in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone Joanne Kathleen Rowling. The method of the research is descriptive qualitative, which tries to explain about the correlations between author life background and its influence to the literary work produced. Sources of data in this study include the source of primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques used in this study is a technique to read and record. The measures undertaken to analyze the data is as follows (1) Read the novel Harry Potter and The Sorcerer's Stone works J.K. Rowling. (2) Marking a sentence or a paragraph discussing about the social context associated with the bully action. (3) Analyzing the results about the social context are associated with the bully, the social picture, and social functions and (4) Describe results. After analyzing the social factors that Harry Potter bully (intimidated) in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, the author concludes the analysis into three findings: first to describe the type of action undertaken bully Dursleys, Draco Malfoy and Professor Severus Snape in Harry Potter. The types of bullying done of verbal bullying, where the actors perform intimidation through their words to a bully victim. Then bullying involving physical contact between the offender and the victim either directly or indirectly. This type of bullying usually include punching, kicking, slapping, choking, biting, spitting, even destroy the belongings of the victims, and relational bullying (friendship). Second to describe the factors that trigger the Dursleys, Draco Malfoy and Professor Severus Snape take action against Harry Potter bully. Factors child's own personal self, namely anxiety and feeling inferior from an agent, competition is not realistic, feelings of resentment arising from hostility or because the bullies had been the victim of bullying before, and the inability to handle emotions positively. Family factors namely lack of warmth and level of awareness of parents are low on his son, Pattern foster parents who are too permissive so that children are free to take whatever measures are desirable or otherwise. Factors association. Third to describe the social impact of the bully acts committed by the Dursleys, Draco Malfoy and Professor Severus Snape in Harry Potter. The social impact of the action bully among others They have a strong need to dominate and subdue other students and to get their own way. Are impulsive and are Easily angered. Are Often defiant and aggressive toward adults, Including parents and teachers. Show little empathy toward students who are victimized If they are boys, they are physically stronger than most other boys in general.    

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