scholarly journals Evaluation of the Parent-Report Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Sample of Children Recruited from Intimate Partner Violence Services: A Multidimensional Rasch Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelby Elaine McDonald ◽  
Lin Ma ◽  
Kathy E. Green ◽  
Stephanie A. Hitti ◽  
Anna M. Cody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits

Exploring Empathy and Callous–Unemotional Traits as Predictors of Animal Abuse Perpetrated by Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2419-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie Hartman ◽  
Tina Hageman ◽  
James Herbert Williams ◽  
Jason St. Mary ◽  
Frank R. Ascione
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits

We explored the relation between empathy, callous–unemotional (CU) traits, and animal abuse in a sample of 290 seven- to twelve-year-old children whose mothers were exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). The sample comprises mostly Latino and White participants, and 55% of the children’s mothers were born outside the United States (primarily Mexico). To our knowledge, among studies examining child-perpetrated animal abuse, this study is the first to examine empathy levels and one of only a few to examine CU traits. When comparing Griffith Empathy Measure (empathy) and Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits (callous–unemotional [CU] traits) scores with those from studies of White schoolchildren, our sample scored lower on affective empathy, higher on cognitive empathy, and lower for overall CU scores as well as Callous and Unemotional subscales. Of 290 children, 47 (16.2%) harmed an animal at least once according to either mother or child report. There were no significant sex or age differences between Abuse and No Abuse groups. The Abuse group scored significantly higher on affective empathy, CU, and Callousness/Unemotional subscales, and significantly lower on cognitive empathy. However, in regression analyses that controlled for income, only lower cognitive empathy and higher CU significantly predicted having abused an animal. In summary, low cognitive empathy (but not affective empathy) and CU traits may serve as reliable predictors of child animal abuse. However, replication of these results is necessary. A larger sample with a high percentage of Latino children whose mothers were exposed to IPV, along with a non-exposed comparison group, would be ideal.

scholarly journals Further Validation of the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits in Chinese Children: Cross-Informants Invariance and Longitudinal Invariance

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1668-1680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Cheng Wang ◽  
Yiyun Shou ◽  
Jinghui Liang ◽  
Hongyu Lai ◽  
Hong Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Multiple Informants ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Longitudinal Measurement ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits

The present study examined the factor structure and measurement invariance of the shortened versions of the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits (ICU) with data from multiple informants. Five short versions of the ICU proposed in previous studies were tested and compared through confirmatory factor analysis. The measurement invariance across different informants (i.e., self-report, parent-report, and teacher-report) and longitudinal measurement invariance for the resulting best-fitting model were tested thoroughly. Results indicated that a shortened form that consists of 11 items (ICU-11) to assess callousness and uncaring factors had excellent overall fit. Moreover, the ICU-11 was invariant across informant and occasions. However, the ICU-11 was not without limitations; the internal consistency α for the uncaring factor with self-report scores was marginal. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the ICU-11 was an excellent fit for our data and displayed measurement invariance across informants and over time. The ICU-11 may be a promising assessment tool that could be used in research to assess callous–uncaring traits in Chinese children.

A Comparison of Parent, Teacher, and Youth Ratings on the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110478
Author(s):  
Tatiana M. Matlasz ◽  
Paul J. Frick ◽  
Julia E. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Social Preference ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Teacher Report ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits ◽  
Peer Nominations

The current study compared the validity of self-, parent-, and teacher-report versions of the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits (ICU), a widely used measure of callous–unemotional (CU) traits, at several different ages. Participants ( N = 236, 60.6% girls) were children in Grades 3, 6, and 8 ( Mage = 11.55, SD = 2.23) from a public school system in the southern United States. We tested the association of all three ICU versions with several validators: parent- and teacher-reported conduct problems, peer nominations of characteristics associated with CU traits, and sociometric peer nominations of social preference. Results revealed an interaction between the ICU version and grade in the overall level of CU traits reported, with teacher-report leading to the highest ratings in sixth grade and being higher than parent-report in third grade. Furthermore, the validity of the different versions of the ICU varied somewhat across grades. Specifically, findings support the validity of both teacher- and self-report in third grade, but self-report was the only version to show strong validity in the eighth grade.

scholarly journals An Examination of the Parent Report Version of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Community Sample of First-Grade Children

Assessment ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Willoughby ◽  
W. Roger Mills-Koonce ◽  
Daniel A. Waschbusch ◽  
Nisha C. Gottfredson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits

Mothers’ Experience of Intimate Partner Violence and Subsequent Offspring Attachment Security Ages 1–5 Years: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 152483801988856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. McIntosh ◽  
Evelyn S. Tan ◽  
Alytia A. Levendosky ◽  
Amy Holtzworth-Munroe
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Mother Attachment

Attachment status in early childhood is a key yet modifiable contributor to the development of social–emotional competence. The security and organization of the infant–mother attachment bond is particularly susceptible to stressors in the caregiving environment. While the impacts of normative interparental conflict on infant attachment are increasingly understood, the potentially unique place of intimate partner violence (IPV) in this pathway has been under-researched. This study surveyed all empirical work in this area, including unpublished literature ( k = 6, N = 3,394), to examine meta-analytic associations between maternal experiences of IPV and offspring attachment security (ages 1–5 years) measured at least 6 months post-IPV exposure. Mothers’ reports of IPV from pregnancy onward were inversely associated with offspring attachment security, r = −.23, CI [−0.42, −0.04], p = .02. Sample risk characteristics (e.g., clinical vs. community) moderated this association; child’s age at attachment measurement and method of assessing child attachment (e.g., observational, representational, parent report) also moderated at a trend level. Implications for early screening, intervention, and future research are discussed.

Positive Engagement with Pets Buffers the Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Callous-Unemotional Traits in Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110283
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Murphy ◽  
Elizabeth Van Voorhees ◽  
Kelly E. O’Connor ◽  
Camie A. Tomlinson ◽  
Angela Matijczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Positive Engagement ◽  
The Impact

Childhood exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with serious psychological outcomes including increased odds of developing callous-unemotional (CU) traits and behaviors. Recent studies suggest that concomitant exposure to animal cruelty (AC) may increase this risk. However, even under these circumstances, bonds with companion animals may still be a protective factor that buffers the deleterious impact of IPV on child adjustment. This cross-sectional study evaluates whether, and to what extent, the association between exposure to IPV and children’s CU and empathic-prosocial (EP) traits vary as a function of children’s positive engagement with pets and exposure to AC. Participants included 204 children (aged 7–12 years; 57% Latinx) and their maternal caregiver who were recruited from domestic violence agencies in a western US state. We conducted multiple moderation analyses to evaluate each outcome individually (i.e., CU traits, EP traits), adjusting for the effects of child age, gender, and Hispanic ethnicity. Positive engagement with pets significantly moderated the relationship between IPV and CU traits, ∇R = 0.03, F (1, 195) = 7.43, β = –0.17, t(195) = –2.73, p = .007. Specifically, when high levels of positive engagement with pets is present, IPV is negatively associated with CU traits, whereas the reverse was true at low levels of positive engagement with pets. Evidence of moderation by AC was not supported. Our findings suggest that children who form close relationships with their pets in the context of IPV appear to derive important support from these animals; safeguarding the well-being of these animals may be critical to their long-term emotional health.

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