scholarly journals Long non‐coding RNA MALAT1 and its target microRNA‐125b associate with disease risk, severity, and major adverse cardiovascular event of coronary heart disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanqin Lv ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Qiang Feng ◽  
Xuefeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

scholarly journals High Cardiovascular Risk in Older Men With Severe Peripheral Artery Calcification on High-Resolution Peripheral QCT Scans

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1818-1829
Author(s):  
Pawel Szulc ◽  
Catherine Planckaert ◽  
Dominique Foesser ◽  
Janina Patsch ◽  
Roland Chapurlat
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Adverse Cardiovascular Event

Objective: Arterial calcification is associated with high cardiovascular risk. Our aim was to assess the utility of peripheral arterial calcification (PAC) in distal forearm and distal leg for the prediction of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and major adverse cardiovascular event in older men. Approach and Results: In 815 home-dwelling older men, PAC was assessed on the scans of distal forearm and leg obtained by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. PAC score (0–12) was calculated on the basis of the number and severity in small peripheral arteries. The information on ACS and major adverse cardiovascular event was collected prospectively for 8 years. PAC severity increased with age and body mass index ( P <0.001). Median PAC score was higher in men with ischemic heart disease or pharmacologically treated diabetes ( P <0.001). After adjustment for confounders, the risk of ACS was higher in men with severe PAC (6+) versus men with lower PAC (0–5; hazard ratio, 3.86 [95% CI, 1.65–9.02], P <0.005). After adjustment for confounders, the risk of major adverse cardiovascular event was higher in men with severe PAC (6+) versus men with lower PAC (hazard ratio, 2.58 [95% CI, 1.41–4.72], P <0.005). In men who did not have cardiovascular risk factors, severe PAC was associated with higher risk of ACS, for example, in men who did not self-report ischemic heart disease (hazard ratio, 6.62 [95% CI, 2.16–20.23], P <0.001). Conclusions: Severe PAC is associated with higher risk of ACS and major adverse cardiovascular event in older home-dwelling men, also in men without known ischemic heart disease. Incidentally found severe PAC can be a serious warning indicating high cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Very High Coronary Artery Calcium (≥1000) and Association With Cardiovascular Disease Events, Non–Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes, and Mortality

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (16) ◽  
pp. 1571-1583
Author(s):  
Allison W. Peng ◽  
Zeina A. Dardari ◽  
Roger S. Blumenthal ◽  
Omar Dzaye ◽  
Olufunmilayo H. Obisesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
Very High

Background: There are limited data on the unique cardiovascular disease (CVD), non-CVD, and mortality risks of primary prevention individuals with very high coronary artery calcium (CAC; ≥1000), especially compared with rates observed in secondary prevention populations. Methods: Our study population consisted of 6814 ethnically diverse individuals 45 to 84 years of age who were free of known CVD from MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), a prospective, observational, community-based cohort. Mean follow-up time was 13.6±4.4 years. Hazard ratios of CAC ≥1000 were compared with both CAC 0 and CAC 400 to 999 for CVD, non-CVD, and mortality outcomes with the use of Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for age, sex, and traditional risk factors. Using a sex-adjusted logarithmic model, we calculated event rates in MESA as a function of CAC and compared them with those observed in the placebo group of stable secondary prevention patients in the FOURIER clinical trial (Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research With PCSK9 Inhibition in Subjects With Elevated Risk). Results: Compared with CAC 400 to 999, those with CAC ≥1000 (n=257) had a greater mean number of coronary vessels with CAC (3.4±0.5), greater total area of CAC (586.5±275.2 mm 2 ), similar CAC density, and more extensive extracoronary calcification. After full adjustment, CAC ≥1000 demonstrated a 4.71- (3.63–6.11), 7.57- (5.50–10.42), 4.86-(3.32–7.11), and 1.94-fold (1.57–2.41) increased risk for all CVD events, all coronary heart disease events, hard coronary heart disease events, and all-cause mortality, respectively, compared with CAC 0 and a 1.65- (1.25–2.16), 1.66- (1.22–2.25), 1.51- (1.03–2.23), and 1.34-fold (1.05–1.71) increased risk compared with CAC 400 to 999. With increasing CAC, hazard ratios increased for all event types, with no apparent upper CAC threshold. CAC ≥1000 was associated with a 1.95- (1.57–2.41) and 1.43-fold (1.12–1.83) increased risk for a first non-CVD event compared with CAC 0 and CAC 400 to 999, respectively. CAC 1000 corresponded to an annualized 3-point major adverse cardiovascular event rate of 3.4 per 100 person-years, similar to that of the total FOURIER population (3.3) and higher than those of the lower-risk FOURIER subgroups. Conclusions: Individuals with very high CAC (≥1000) are a unique population at substantially higher risk for CVD events, non-CVD outcomes, and mortality than those with lower CAC, with 3-point major adverse cardiovascular event rates similar to those of a stable treated secondary prevention population. Future guidelines should consider a less distinct stratification algorithm between primary and secondary prevention patients in guiding aggressive preventive pharmacotherapy.

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