scholarly journals The FLC dimer with lambda type may false-migrate to the position of “albumin” band by urine protein electrophoresis on Sebia agarose gel-based detection system

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. e22658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changqiang Chen ◽  
Peizhan Chen ◽  
Xuqian Fang
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Urine Protein

Feline Lymphoplasmacytic Stomatitis Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy and Bence-Jones Proteinuria

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth F. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Alkylating Agent ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Monoclonal Immunoglobulin ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Bence Jones Proteinuria

Lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis and gingivitis was diagnosed in an 8-year old female domestic shorthair. The cat had evidence of severe generalized inflammation of the oral cavity. Biopsy samples were evaluated and displayed a lichenoid, interface stomatitis which was predominantly lymphoplasmacytic. Serum protein electrophoresis confirmed a monoclonal gammopathy. Urine protein electrophoresis confirmed Bence-Jones proteinuria. Protein electrophoresis was used to diagnose monoclonal gammopathy (the production of a monoclonal immunoglobulin, or paraprotein, which is associated with a characteristic “M” protein spike on serum electrophoresis). Diseases associated with monoclonal gammopathy are similar in the dog and cat. Alkylating agent chemotherapy is used to rapidly reduce paraprotein concentrations in multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is the most common disorder associated with monoclonal gammopathy. This condition is less common in the cat, compared to the dog. This report examines the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma in a cat presenting with severe stomatitis.

Plasma Protein Electrophoresis in Birds: Comparison of a Semiautomated Agarose Gel System With an Automated Capillary System

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Roman ◽  
Marie-Claude Bomsel-Demontoy ◽  
Julie Levrier ◽  
Daniel Chaste-Duvernoy ◽  
Michel Saint Jalme
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Capillary System ◽  
Gel System

scholarly journals Screening and Diagnosis of Monoclonal Gammopathies: An International Survey of Laboratory Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Genzen ◽  
David L. Murray ◽  
Gyorgy Abel ◽  
Qing H. Meng ◽  
Richard J. Baltaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Laboratory Practice ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Serum Free Light Chain ◽  
Capillary Zone ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

Context.— Serum tests used for the screening and diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathies include serum protein electrophoresis (SPE; agarose gel or capillary zone), immunofixation (IFE) and immunosubtraction capillary electrophoresis, serum free light chains, quantitative immunoglobulins, and heavy/light–chain combinations. Urine protein electrophoresis and urine IFE may also be used to identify Bence-Jones proteinuria. Objective.— To assess current laboratory practice for monoclonal gammopathy testing. Design.— In April 2016, a voluntary questionnaire was distributed to 923 laboratories participating in a protein electrophoresis proficiency testing survey. Results.— Seven hundred seventy-four laboratories from 38 countries and regions completed the questionnaire (83.9% response rate; 774 of 923). The majority of participants (68.6%; 520 of 758) used agarose gel electrophoresis as their SPE method, whereas 31.4% (238 of 758) used capillary zone electrophoresis. The most common test approaches used in screening were SPE with reflex to IFE/immunosubtraction capillary electrophoresis (39.3%; 299 of 760); SPE only (19.1%; 145 of 760); SPE and IFE or immunosubtraction capillary electrophoresis (13.9%; 106 of 760); and SPE with IFE, serum free light chain, and quantitative immunoglobulins (11.8%; 90 of 760). Only 39.8% (305 of 767) of laboratories offered panel testing for ordering convenience. Although SPE was used by most laboratories in diagnosing new cases of myeloma, when laboratories reported the primary test used to follow patients with monoclonal gammopathy, only 55.7% (403 of 724) chose SPE, with the next most common selections being IFE (18.9%; 137 of 724), serum free light chain (11.7%; 85 of 724), and immunosubtraction capillary electrophoresis (2.1%; 15 of 724). Conclusions.— Ordering and testing practices for the screening and diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy vary widely across laboratories. Improving utilization management and report content, as well as recognition and development of laboratory-directed testing guidelines, may serve to enhance the clinical value of testing.

Electrophoretic examination of proteinuria in Lowe's syndrome and other causes of renal tubular Fanconi syndrome.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2231-2233 ◽  
Author(s):  
N M Papadopoulos ◽  
R Costello ◽  
L Charnas ◽  
M D Adamson ◽  
W A Gahl
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Fanconi Syndrome ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Zone Electrophoresis ◽  
Idiopathic Fanconi Syndrome ◽  
Renal Tubular

Abstract Urine samples from 26 patients with five different causes of renal tubular Fanconi syndrome were examined by zone electrophoresis on agarose gel and immunofixation. The tubular disorders associated with Lowe's syndrome, cystinosis, and idiopathic Fanconi syndrome exhibited urine protein electrophoretic characteristics that differentiated them from normal and from each other. In particular, Lowe's syndrome urine exhibited four discrete bands in the gamma globulin zone. Electrophoresis of urinary proteins may be useful in distinguishing among the different metabolic disorders causing renal tubular Fanconi syndrome.

Combination of Serum Free Light Chain Analysis with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Improves Screening for Monoclonal Gammopathies.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 1497-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Holding ◽  
Dorothy Spradbery ◽  
Ewan J.D. Robson ◽  
Philip C. Dore ◽  
Rachel Wilmot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Free Light Chain ◽  
Royal Infirmary ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathies ◽  
Capillary Zone ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract Introduction: Screening for multiple myeloma requires both serum and urine protein electrophoresis, because in about 20% of patients with myeloma, monoclonal free light chain (FLC) is the only paraprotein found, and it is commonly missed by serum protein electrophoresis. However, many requests for testing do not include a urine sample (>80% of requests in our experience). This risks missing clinically significant disease. Recent availability of serum FLC assays has raised the possibility that these assays may replace testing for urinary FLC in screening for monoclonal gammopathies, and that the serum kappa:lambda light chain ratio (LCR) may be more sensitive for detecting monoclonal FLC than serum and urine protein gel electrophoresis. Aims: To identify how many additional patients with monoclonal gammopathies would be detected if serum FLC assays were incorporated into the routine myeloma screen. To evaluate the ability of serum FLC assays to identify all patients identified by urine protein electrophoresis. Method and Setting: We analysed data from a consecutive cohort of 753 serum blood samples submitted for myeloma screening to Hull Royal Infirmary Immunology Laboratory between 03/23/07 and 05/31/07. During this period all myeloma screen requests received serum capillary zone protein electrophoresis (CE) (SEBIA Capillarys 2, Analytical Technologies) and serum FLC analysis using a latex-enhanced immunoassay (The Binding Site, Birmingham, UK on a Beckman-Coulter IMMAGE nephelometric analyzer). When available, urine protein CE was also perfomed (SEBIA Capillarys 2). Samples with an abnormal serum CE or serum LCR were tested by immunofixation (SEBIA Hydrasys, Analytical Technologies). Repeat samples were requested from patients with LCR outside the reference interval (0.26–1.65) before referral, but an immediate hematology referral was recommended if LCR >3.5 sd from the mean (ie 0.18–2.01). Results: Of 753 patients, 118 had features on serum CE requiring immunofixation. Of these, 76 had a monoclonal paraprotein identified. A further 46 samples had normal serum CE with abnormal LCR and 25 of these had LCR outide mean±3.5 sd. Of 6 patients so far referred as a result of abnormal LCR but normal serum CE, 4 (67%) had a lymphoproliferative disease (free kappa myeloma, free kappa MGUS, free lambda MGUS, and a chronic lymphocytic leukaemia). Urine samples were received from 128 (17%) patients, of whom 8 (6%) had a monoclonal FLC identified in the urine. All of these patients had an abnormal serum LCR, though in one patient with acute renal failure and raised kappa and lambda results the LCR was borderline abnormal (1.75), with a very small band in the urine, visible only by agarose gel immunofixation. For the 2 patients with normal serum CE, but with urinary monoclonal FLC present, serum LCR was abnormal (LCR= 33 and 1.75). Discussion and Conclusions: Use of serum FLC assays increased the detection of monoclonal paraproteins (by 5% so far but further follow up is required to quantify this exactly). Serum FLC analysis had a sensitivity of 100% for identifying patients with urinary FLC.

scholarly journals Comparison of Bromcresol Green and Agarose Protein Electrophoresis for Quantitation of Serum Albumin in Multiple Myeloma

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine LH Snozek ◽  
Amy K Saenger ◽  
Philip R Greipp ◽  
Sandra C Bryant ◽  
Robert A Kyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Myeloma Patient ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
M Spike ◽  
Bromcresol Green

Abstract Background: The International Staging System for multiple myeloma has increased the importance of accurate measurement of serum albumin. Two common albumin assays, bromcresol green (BCG) and agarose gel protein electrophoresis (PEL), frequently yield discordant results, creating confusion regarding which assay is superior for use in myeloma. Methods: We measured albumin by BCG on a Roche Modular system, by PEL with a Helena SPIFE SPE Vis agarose gel, and by immunonephelometry performed on a Dade Behring BNII nephelometer. BCG and PEL were used to measure albumin in 5777 patient samples, and all 3 methods were used in an additional 252 samples. The clinical impact was assessed on 698 myeloma patient samples. Results: For sera with zero/low monoclonal immunoglobulin protein (M)-spike (0 to <15 g/L), results for both BCG and PEL correlated well to nephelometry, although median PEL results were 8 g/L lower than corresponding BCG measurements. Correlation between PEL and nephelometry or BCG diminished with increasing M-spike, with PEL eventually overestimating albumin compared with both other assays. IgG and IgA M-spikes showed significantly different effects on albumin discordance. For 35% of myeloma patients, discrepancy between BCG and PEL had a potentially clinically significant effect on staging, but no difference in group survival was found. Conclusions: Both BCG and PEL correlate well to nephelometry in sera with zero/low M-spikes. In the presence of larger M-spikes, PEL correlates poorly to nephelometry or BCG, whereas BCG compares well with nephelometry regardless of M-spike. Thus, albumin measurement can be performed reliably in myeloma patient sera by use of inexpensive, automated BCG assays.

scholarly journals Agarose gel serum protein electrophoresis in cats with and without lymphoma and preliminary results of tandem mass fingerprinting analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Gerou-Ferriani ◽  
Alix R. McBrearty ◽  
Richard J. Burchmore ◽  
Kamburapola G.I. Jayawardena ◽  
P. David Eckersall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Serum Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Fingerprinting Analysis

scholarly journals Non-secretory multiple myeloma with extramedulary plasmocytoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Abed Hussain Khan ◽  
Rafla Afrose ◽  
Mujahida Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ferdous Ur Rahaman ◽  
Md. Shababul Huda Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Lower Limb Weakness ◽  
Classic Form ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Tumour Lesion

Non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is an uncommon variation of the classic form of multiple myeloma (MM) that has au analogous clinical and radiologic presentation except for the absence of the M-protein in sernm and/or urine. NSMM may have or not detectable monoclonal free light chain in urine/serum. We describe here a case of a 46-year-old woman who presented with back pain and lower limb weakness. A tumour lesion at DI level and multiple osteolytic bone lesions were found. This woman had no other symptoms and her basic blood biochemistry were nonnal. She had normal serum and urine protein electrophoresis. Biopsy from the D1 vertebra showed plasmocytoma. In the bone marrow, 20% atypical plasma cell fow1d, all were being CD38+ and CD 138+ in flowcytometry, confirming the diagnosis of myeloma presenting as NSMM. A high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose cases like this, as the biology ofNSMM is not completely understood.

scholarly journals Mixed Cryoglobulinemia in a Patient with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Fahad Bnatig ◽  
Leen Raddaoui ◽  
Talal Hijji ◽  
Lina El Kibbi
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Mixed Cryoglobulinemia ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Hematologic Disease ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
Polyclonal Igg ◽  
Viral Etiologies

Cryoglobulinemia is a rare illness of cryoglobulin accumulation in the blood which can typically present with arthralgia, purpura, skin ulcers, glomerulonephritis, and peripheral neuropathy. It is classified as mixed cryoglobulinemia when cryoglobulins contain more than one immune component such as IgM rheumatoid factor and polyclonal IgG. Typically, it presents in the setting of clonal hematologic disease, viral infection, or certain connective tissue diseases. Herein, we report the case of a 24-year-old man diagnosed and treated as mixed cryoglobulinemia in the setting of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Investigations for viral etiologies, including HBV, HCV, and HIV, and all serologic tests were negative. Additionally serum protein and urine protein electrophoresis did not reveal monoclonal gammopathy; however, testing for plasma cryoglobulins was positive, and qualitative analysis revealed a faint polyclonal pattern. Thus, he was diagnosed with cryoglobulinemia in the setting of JIA, which has not been reported in the literature before. He dramatically improved upon initiation of rituximab and methotrexate.

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