scholarly journals Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content During the First Month of Life in Critically Ill Very Low Birth Weight Neonates Differs From Term Infants, Children, and Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raeda T. Al-Ghananim ◽  
Demet Nalbant ◽  
Robert L. Schmidt ◽  
Gretchen A. Cress ◽  
M. Bridget Zimmerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Hemoglobin Content ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content

Comparison of the Attitudes of Health Care Professionals and Parents Toward Active Treatment of Very Low Birth Weight Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoo K. Lee ◽  
Pauline L. Penner ◽  
Margaret Cox
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Normal Term ◽  
Severely Handicapped

Although pediatricians and neonatal nurses influence parents' treatment decisions, little is known about their attitudes toward active treatment of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (<1500 g) and how they compare with parental attitudes. A survey of all 50 pediatricians in Newfoundland (72% response), all 53 neonatal intensive care nurses at the Janeway Child Health Centre (73.6% response), parents of all 144 traceable VLBW infants (72.2% response), and parents of 25 randomly selected normal term infants (60% response), born in Newfoundland between 1983 and 1987, revealed significant differences in attitudes among parents, nurses, and pediatricians about whether active treatment should be offered to potentially severely handicapped VLBW infants. Most parents of both VLBW and normal term infants (>80%) agreed, pediatricians were divided, whereas most nurses (79.5%) objected. Both pediatricians and nurses tended to overestimate (P < .05) the morbidity, mortality, and costs of care of VLBW infants. There was a direct correlation (P< .05) between a negative attitude toward saving VLBW infants and a negatively false perception of neonatal morbidity, mortality, and costs. All groups favored a role for parents and physicians in treatment decisions and objected to a role for regulatory bodies. Pediatricians and nurses also favored a role for nurses and hospital ethics committees but parents disagreed. While most nurses (71%) believed it was unethical to save potentially severely handicapped infants, few pediatricians (36.9%) agreed. Only 27.8% of pediatricians and 10.3% of nurses would seek court intervention if they disagreed with a parental decision not to actively treat a potentially handicapped infant. The results indicate a need for regular updating of physicians and nurses about neonatal outcomes, for increased cognizance of parental desires, and for physicians to be actively involved in treatment decisions.

Feeding the Very Low-Birth-Weight Infant

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Rene Romero ◽  
Ronald E. Kleinman
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Organ Systems

Unfortunately, premature birth occurs commonly in the United States. Improving the survival of very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants depends in large part upon understanding the physiologic capabilities of their immature organ systems and providing appropriate support as they mature. Advances in the nutritional support of these infants have contributed to the better outcomes we have come to expect today, even for the smallest infants. In this review, we will discuss the limitations of gastrointestinal function and the unique nutritional requirements of very low-birth-weight infants and describe the current methods of enteral and parenteral nutrition support used to meet these requirements. Developmental Physiology By 24 to 26 weeks of gestation, the fetal gastrointestinal tract is morphologically similar to that of the full-term infant; however, functional development is far from complete. Maturation of gastrointestinal motility, digestion, and absorption continues through much of the first year of life, even in full-term infants, as a result of an interplay between the preprogrammed "biological clock" and environmental influences. The decision to feed the VLBW infant must take into account the developmental limitations as well as the potential for enhancing intestinal maturation at each stage of development (Table 1). Fetal swallowing is evident at the beginning of the second trimester.

scholarly journals Growth, lung function, and physical activity in schoolchildren who were very-low-birth-weight preterm infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Dill Winck ◽  
João Paulo Heinzmann-Filho ◽  
Deise Schumann ◽  
Helen Zatti ◽  
Rita Mattiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Normal Birth

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare somatic growth, lung function, and level of physical activity in schoolchildren who had been very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (VLBWPIs) or normal-birth-weight full-term infants. Methods: We recruited two groups of schoolchildren between 8 and 11 years of age residing in the study catchment area: those who had been VLBWPIs (birth weight < 1,500 g); and those who had been normal-birth-weight full-term infants (controls, birth weight ≥ 2,500 g). Anthropometric and spirometric data were collected from the schoolchildren, who also completed a questionnaire regarding their physical activity. In addition, data regarding the perinatal and neonatal period were collected from the medical records of the VLBWPIs. Results: Of the 93 schoolchildren screened, 48 and 45 were in the VLBWPI and control groups, respectively. No significant differences were found between the groups regarding anthropometric characteristics, nutritional status, or pulmonary function. No associations were found between perinatal/neonatal variables and lung function parameters in the VLBWPI group. Although the difference was not significant, the level of physical activity was slightly higher in the VLBWPI group than in the control group. Conclusions: Among the schoolchildren evaluated here, neither growth nor lung function appear to have been affected by prematurity birth weight, or level of physical activity.

Stranger sociability in preterm infants with very low birth weight and term infants

Physiotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. e602-e603
Author(s):  
W.C. Huang ◽  
W.S. Hsieh ◽  
C.H. Hsu ◽  
Y.T. Yu ◽  
Y.C. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infants
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