Combined heparin/acid citrate dextrose solution A anticoagulation in the Optia continuous mononuclear cell protocol for pediatric lymphocyte apheresis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. DeSimone ◽  
Gary D. Myers ◽  
Erin M. Guest ◽  
Patricia A. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Dextrose Solution ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose

Implications of anticoagulants and gender on cell counts and growth factor concentration in platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich gel supernatants from rabbits

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan González ◽  
Catalina López ◽  
Jorge Carmona
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Dextrose Solution ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Factor Concentration

SummaryObjectives: Our objectives were as follows: 1) to validate a protocol for producing rabbit platelet-rich plasma (PRP); 2) to determine the influence of two anticoagulants, sodium citrate and acid-citrate-dextrose solution A, and gender on cell count in PRP and growth factor concentration in pure platelet-rich gel supernatants; 3) to correlate the variables evaluated.Methods: Whole blood from 18 New Zealand rabbits (9 males and 9 females) was obtained with sodium citrate and acid- citrate-dextrose solution A for processing PRP fractions (A and B), which were evaluated for haematology. The PRP fractions were either activated with calcium gluconate or lysated with a detergent. The concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 and platelet-derived growth factor BB were assayed by ELISA.Results: The sodium citrate PRP-B had significantly higher counts of platelets in comparison to PRP-A and whole blood obtained with the same anticoagulant and the homologous acid-citrate-dextrose solution A PRP fraction. The sodium citrate PRP-A had a significantly higher count of leukocytes compared to the homologous acid-citrate-dextrose solution A fraction. All the PRP fractions had a significant leuko-reduction when compared to whole blood. The sodium citrate PRP-A fraction from female rabbits had significantly lower platelet counts and significantly higher leukocyte counts than the same acid-citrate-dextrose solution A fraction. Growth factor concentration was not affected by the type of anticoagulant or gender.Clinical significance: The type of anticoagulant and gender affected the cell counts in PRP, but they did not influence the growth factor concentration. More complete rabbit PRP studies should be performed before evaluating this type of substance in models of disease.

Variations in Levels of Transaminases and Lactic Dehydrogenase in Bank Blood

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard V Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Screening Procedure ◽  
Dextrose Solution ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Bank Blood

Abstract Results of the assay of transaminases and lactic dehydrogenase in blood, proposed as a screening procedure for subclinical hepatitis in blood donors, show that the method of sampling influences the analytic results. Determinations of GOT and GPT may prove useful if made on specimens separated from cells soon after collection. Plasma in contact with cells from blood preserved in acid citrate dextrose solution appears to yield good results up to 21 days. Lactic-dehydrogenase levels are of limited value for this screening.

scholarly journals AN ACID CITRATE-DEXTROSE SOLUTION WITH LOW WATER VOLUME AND LOW DEXTROSE CONCENTRATION 1

1947 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max M. Strumia ◽  
Alton D. Blake ◽  
John J. McGraw ◽  
Miss Margaret Dolan ◽  
Miss Louise Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Water Volume ◽  
Dextrose Solution ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose

Conditions Affecting the Responses of Human Platelets to Epinephrine

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Lalau Keraly ◽  
Raelene L Kinlough-Rathbone ◽  
Marian A Packham ◽  
Hidenori Suzuki ◽  
J Fraser Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Dense Granule ◽  
Primary Phase ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Thromboxane Formation

SummaryConditions affecting the responses of human platelets to epinephrine were examined. In platelet-rich plasma prepared from blood anticoagulated with hirudin or PPACK (D-pheny- lalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine chloromethyl ketone), epinephrine did not cause shape change or aggregation. In a Tyrode-albumin- apyrase solution containing a concentration of Ca2+ in the physiological range, and fibrinogen, epinephrine in concentrations as high as 40 μM did not induce platelet shape change, caused either no primary aggregation or very slight primary aggregation, and did not induce thromboxane formation, release of dense granule contents, or secondary aggregation. In contrast, in citrated platelet-rich plasma, epinephrine induced two phases of aggregation. This is not attributable to the generation of traces of thrombin since the same effects were evident when blood was taken into a combined citrate-hirudin anticoagulant or a combined citrate-PPACK anticoagulant. In a modified Tyrode-albu- min-apyrase solution containing approximately 20 μM Ca2+, 1 mM Mg2+, and fibrinogen, epinephrine induced extensive aggregation after a lag phase, but no primary phase was evident; thromboxane formation and release of dense granule contents accompanied the aggregation response. These responses were also observed when PPACK was included with the acid-citrate- dextrose anticoagulant, and in the washing and resuspending fluids. In the presence of aspirin or the thromboxane receptor blocker BM 13.177 a few small aggregates were detected by particle counting and by scanning electron microscopy; with the latter inhibitor, the platelets in the aggregates retained their disc shape; secondary aggregation and the responses associated with it did not occur. Thus thromboxane A2 formation is not necessary for the formation of these small aggregates, but is required for extensive aggregation and release. As with other weak agonists, the close platelet-to-platelet contact in the low Ca2+ medium appears to be necessary for full secondary aggregation. Omission of fibrinogen from the low Ca2+ medium prevented both primary and secondary aggregation in response to epinephrine. An antibody (10E5) to the glycoprotein Ilb/IIIa complex was completely inhibitory in the presence of fibrinogen. Thus the response of human platelets to epinephrine is influenced by the concentration of Ca2+ and the presence of fibrinogen in the medium in which they are suspended.

RISTOMYCIN (AGGRISTIN) PRECIPITATION TEST: A NEW, RAPID AND RELIABLE METHOD FOR THE DETECTION OF INTRAVASCULAR CLOTTING

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Pfliegler ◽  
J Arnout ◽  
J Vermylen
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Method ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Precipitation Test

The rapid and specific detection of fibrin monomers (fm) and fibrin degradation products (fdp) is of major importance in the laboratory diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation, deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Most methods in use are either time-consuming, needing special techniques, or insensitive and poorly specific. Some time ago, Watanabe and Tullis described a simple and rapid, semiquantitative test to detect fm and fdp in plasma, based on the finding that ristocetin in low concentrations (1.0-1.5 mg/ml) can specifically precipitate fm and fdp. To 0.4 ml ACD plasma, 0.1 ml ristocetin (2.5 mg/ml) is added and vortexed. The mixture is then incubated for 30 min at 20°C and centrifuged at 50xg for 5 min. The test is considered to be positive when fibrin-like strands or small or large pellets are observed on the bottom of the tube. More recently, Pfliegler et al. reported that ristomycin (AGGRISTIN), a structural analogue of ristocetin, can replace ristocetin in this test.Here we report on further results with the ristomycin (AGGRISTIN) precipitation test in 138 patients with various intravascular thrombotic events. The results of this test, performed on ACD plasma, were compared to the serum fdp values detected by immunoelectrophoresis (IEF) and by the haemagglutina-tion inhibition test (HIT). In all 30 cases with serum fdp above 30 ug/ml (HIT) or 28 pg/ml (IEF), the precipitation test was positive; at lower fdp concentrations, as detected by HIT or IEF, the test still was positive in 70 per cent of these thrombosis patients, suggesting a superior sensitivity. In 16 patients with elevated fibrinogen levels (but no evidence of thrombosis), the test was positive in only 3. No false positive results were detected in 16 healthy controls. Preliminary results show that the minor disadvantage of the test (blood collection on acid citrate dextrose) may readily be overcome by the in vitro adjustment of the pH of citrate plasma, commonly used for other haemostatic tests, to between 7.0 and 7.4.On the basis of our results we suggest that the AGGRISTIN (ristomycin) precipitation test is a simple, rapid and reliable method for the laboratory diagnosis of intravascular clotting.

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