Reproductive toxic impact of subchronic treatment with combined butylparaben and triclosan in weanling male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. e22037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeha A. Riad ◽  
Marwa M. Abd-Rabo ◽  
Samy A. Abd El Aziz ◽  
Adel M. El Behairy ◽  
Mohamed M. Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
Subchronic Treatment

scholarly journals Cardioinotropic Effects in Subchronic Intoxication of Rats with Lead and/or Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3466
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Klinova ◽  
Boris A. Katsnelson ◽  
Ilzira A. Minigalieva ◽  
Oksana P. Gerzen ◽  
Alexander A. Balakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Oxide ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Muscle Type ◽  
In Vitro Motility Assay ◽  
Thin Filaments ◽  
In Vitro Motility ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
Cdo Nanoparticles

Subchronic intoxication was induced in outbred male rats by repeated intraperitoneal injections with lead oxide (PbO) and/or cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles (NPs) 3 times a week during 6 weeks for the purpose of examining its effects on the contractile characteristics of isolated right ventricle trabeculae and papillary muscles in isometric and afterload contractions. Isolated and combined intoxication with these NPs was observed to reduce the mechanical work produced by both types of myocardial preparation. Using the in vitro motility assay, we showed that the sliding velocity of regulated thin filaments drops under both isolated and combined intoxication with CdO–NP and PbO–NP. These results correlate with a shift in the expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms towards slowly cycling β–MHC. The type of CdO–NP + PbO–NP combined cardiotoxicity depends on the effect of the toxic impact, the extent of this effect, the ratio of toxicant doses, and the degree of stretching of cardiomyocytes and muscle type studied. Some indices of combined Pb–NP and CdO–NP cardiotoxicity and general toxicity (genotoxicity included) became fully or partly normalized if intoxication developed against background administration of a bioprotective complex.

scholarly journals Hepatic Microhaemocirculation Dynamics in Experimental Extrahepatic Cholestasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
K. Kh. Akhmedov ◽  
M. A. Ergashev ◽  
A. N. Meliboboyev ◽  
E. H. Boltayev
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mixed Group ◽  
Hepatic Circulation ◽  
Hepatic Parenchyma ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
White Mongrel

Aim. Investigation of hepatic microhaemocirculation effects in experimental extrahepatic cholestasis.Materials and Methods. Experiments were carried out with a mixed group of 48 white mongrel male rats. Extrahepatic cholestasis was modelled in rats with via the ligation of common bile duct.Results. Animals with ligated common bile duct showed abnormalities in peripheral hepatic circulation manifested by a complex of intravascular, vascular and paravascular changes, hepatic angioarchitectonics disturbance, a marked growth of parenchymal dystrophic lesions in the form of post-haemorrhagic foci. The disturbance was pronounced towards a virtual degradation of hepatic parenchyma and the growth of “numb” zones with ceased circulation.Conclusion. The trials revealed microcirculatory changes in the liver associated with rheological disturbance of blood and, subsequently, the toxic impact of failed metabolism.

The Morphology of the Rat Kidney Following Folic Acid Administration

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
Aline Byrnes ◽  
Elsa E. Ramos ◽  
Minoru Suzuki ◽  
E.D. Mayfield
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Biochemical Alterations

Renal hypertrophy was induced in 100 g male rats by the injection of 250 mg folic acid (FA) dissolved in 0.3 M NaHCO3/kg body weight (i.v.). Preliminary studies of the biochemical alterations in ribonucleic acid (RNA) metabolism of the renal tissue have been reported recently (1). They are: RNA content and concentration, orotic acid-c14 incorporation into RNA and acid soluble nucleotide pool, intracellular localization of the newly synthesized RNA, and the specific activity of enzymes of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. The present report describes the light and electron microscopic observations in these animals. For light microscopy, kidney slices were fixed in formalin, embedded, sectioned, and stained with H & E and PAS.

Fine Structural Changes in the Adenohypophyses of Rats Following Destruction of the Pituitary Stalk

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Horvath ◽  
J. M. Bilbao ◽  
F. A. Laszlo ◽  
I. Domokos
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Electrolytic Lesions ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

Electrolytic lesions of the pituitary stalk in rats interrupt adenohypophysial blood flow and result in massive infarction of the anterior lobe. In order to obtain a deeper insight into the morphogenesis of tissue injury and to reveal the sequence of events, a fine structural investigation was undertaken on adenohypophyses of rats at various intervals following destruction of the pituitary stalk.The pituitary stalk was destroyed electrolytically, with a Horsley-Clarke apparatus on 27 male rats of the R-Amsterdam strain, weighing 180-200 g. Thirty minutes, 1,2,4,6 and 24 hours after surgery the animals were perfused with a glutaraldehyde-formalin solution. The skulls were then opened and the pituitary glands removed. The anterior lobes were fixed in glutaraldehyde-formalin solution, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Durcupan. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and investigated with a Philips 300 electron microscope.

Ultrastructural Localization of Acetylcholinesterase in the Arcuate Nucleus and Median Eminence of the Rat

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
K.A. Carson ◽  
C.B. Nemeroff ◽  
M.S. Rone ◽  
J.S. Kizer ◽  
J.S. Hanker
Keyword(s):  
Choline Acetyltransferase ◽  
Median Eminence ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Good Marker ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
High Doses

Biochemical, physiological, pharmacological, and more recently enzyme histo- chemical data have indicated that cholinergic circuits exist in the hypothalamus. Ultrastructural correlates of these pathways such as acetylcholinesterase (AchE) positive neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and stained terminals in the median eminence (ME) have yet to be described. Initial studies in our laboratories utilizing chemical lesioning and microdissection techniques coupled with microchemical and light microscopic enzyme histo- chemical studies suggested the existence of cholinergic neurons in the ARC which project to the ME (1). Furthermore, in adult male rats with Halasz deafferentations (hypothalamic islands composed primarily of the isolated ARC and the ME) choline acetyltransferase (ChAc) activity, a good marker for cholinergic neurons, was not significantly reduced in the ME and was only somewhat reduced in the ARC (2). Treatment of neonatal rats with high doses of monosodium 1-glutamate (MSG) results in a lesion largely restricted to the neurons of the ARC.

The ultrastructure of acinar cells in the external orbital gland of young and old male rats

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-277
Author(s):  
R. Carriere
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Polyploid Cell ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Age Changes ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Golgi Membranes ◽  
Diploid Cells

The external orbital gland of the albino rat exhibits both sexual dimorphism and histological age changes. In males, many cells attain a remarkable degree of polyploidy and an increase of polyploid cell number constitutes the major age change until young adulthood. The acini of young adults have a small lumen and are composed of tall serous cells. Subsequently, many acini acquire a larger lumen with an irregular outline while numerous vacuoles accumulate throughout the secretory cells. At the same time, vesicular acini with a large lumen surrounded by pale-staining low cuboidal diploid cells begin to appear and their number increases throughout old age. The fine structure of external orbital glands from both sexes has been explored and in considering acinar cells from males, emphasis was given to the form of the Golgi membranes and to nuclear infoldings of cytoplasmic constituents.

The Effect of Androgen Depletion and Replacement on the Epithelium of the Seminal Vesicle of the Aging Rat

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
Venita F. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cell Regeneration ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Aging Rat ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Androgen Depletion

In 1930, Moore, Hughes and Gallager reported that after castration seminal vesicle epithelial cell atrophy occurred and that cell regeneration could be achieved with daily injections of testis extract. Electron microscopic studies have confirmed those observations and have shown that testosterone injections restore the epithelium of the seminal vesicle in adult castrated male rats. Studies concerned with the metabolism of androgens point out that dihydrotestosterone stimulates cell proliferation and that other metabolites of testosterone probably influence secretory function in certain target cells.Although the influence of androgens on adult seminal vesicle epithelial cytology is well documented, little is known of the effect of androgen depletion and replacement on those cells in aging animals. The present study is concerned with the effect of castration and testosterone injection on the epithelium of the seminal vesicle of aging rats.

Aortic lesions in copper deficiency: Modification by dietary carbohydrates

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
U. Bielenberg
Keyword(s):  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrates ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Serum Ceruloplasmin ◽  
Hepatic Copper ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Feeding Diets ◽  
Ceruloplasmin Activity ◽  
Simple Carbohydrate

Copper deficiency can cause cardiovascular lesions in experimental animals. Previous experiments have shown that the biochemical and itDrphologic lesions induced by deprivation of dietary copper can be suppressed by feeding diets containing starch or can be magnified by a high sucrose diet. In a recent study it was found that the more severe signs of copper deficiency in rats fed sucrose as compared to starch were due to the fructose moiety of sucrose. Although fructose as compared to starch markedly enhanced the symptoms of copper deficiency, the possibility that an effect of dietary carbohydrates due to the nature of the simple carbohydrate (fructose vs glucose) cannot be excluded. The present study was designed to determine if the severity of copper deficiency in rats fed sucrose as compared to starch is due to the glucose as well as the fructose moiety of sucrose. This portion of the study assessed the morphologic changes in aortas of seventy weanling male rats who were fed, for 9 weeks, copper deficient or copper supplemented diets containing either 62% starch, fructose or glucose. The starch-fed copper supplemented group served as the most normal controls. Rats were sacrificed after 9 weeks of dietary treatments. Copper deficiency was verified by reduced serum ceruloplasmin activity and serum and hepatic copper concentration.

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